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Wang X, Huang K, Yang L. Effects of socio-demographic, personality and mental health factors on traffic violations in Chinese bus drivers. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2019; 24:890-900. [PMID: 30676085 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2019.1567928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to determine the association between bus drivers' socio-demographic characteristics, personality traits, mental health and traffic violations. This case-control study included 596 bus drivers who were recruited during October 2014 to May 2016, including 295 drivers with traffic violations and 301 drivers without traffic violations. The bus drivers' personality traits and mental health were assessed by the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and the Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R). Drivers aged 26-35 years were 72% less likely to be involved in traffic violations compared to drivers aged ≤25 years (OR:0.284,95%CI:0.137-0.586). Drivers with ≤2 years driving experience were associated with almost a three-fold increased risk of traffic violations compared to ≥21 years driving experience (OR:3.174,95%CI:1.097-9.187). The OR value decreased with the increase of annual income (OR:4.631,95%CI:2.667-8.042;OR:3.569,95%CI:2.038-6.251;OR:3.781,95%CI:1.999-7.151). Occasionally drinking drivers and regularly drinking drivers, compared to nondrinking drivers, exhibited a higher risk of traffic violations (OR:2.487,95%CI:1.521-4.065;OR:3.271,95%CI:1.387-7.716).Extroversion and neuroticism were identified as significant factors associated with traffic violations (OR:1.262,95%CI:1.145-1.393;OR:1.159,95%CI:1.060-1.267).Somatization increased eleven-fold risk of bus drivers' traffic violations (OR:11.185,95%CI:4.563-27.419). The results revealed that bus drivers' traffic violations were mainly affected by specific socio-demographic characteristics, personality traits and mental health, which increase the risk of traffic violations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Wang
- a Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health , Guangxi Medical University , Nanning , P.R. China
| | - Kaiyong Huang
- b Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health , Guangxi Medical University , Nanning , P.R. China
| | - Li Yang
- b Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health , Guangxi Medical University , Nanning , P.R. China
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Philip P, Chaufton C, Orriols L, Lagarde E, Amoros E, Laumon B, Akerstedt T, Taillard J, Sagaspe P. Complaints of Poor Sleep and Risk of Traffic Accidents: A Population-Based Case-Control Study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114102. [PMID: 25494198 PMCID: PMC4262408 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to determine the sleepiness-related factors associated with road traffic accidents. METHODS A population based case-control study was conducted in 2 French agglomerations. 272 road accident cases hospitalized in emergency units and 272 control drivers matched by time of day and randomly stopped by police forces were included in the study. Odds ratios were calculated for the risk of road traffic accidents. RESULTS As expected, the main predictive factor for road traffic accidents was having a sleep episode at the wheel just before the accident (OR 9.97, CI 95%: 1.57-63.50, p<0.05). The increased risk of traffic accidents was 3.35 times higher in subjects who reported very poor quality sleep during the last 3 months (CI 95%: 1.30-8.63, p<0.05), 1.69 times higher in subjects reporting sleeping 6 hours or fewer per night during the last 3 months (CI 95%: 1.00-2.85, p<0.05), 2.02 times higher in subjects reporting symptoms of anxiety or nervousness in the previous day (CI 95%: 1.03-3.97, p<0.05), and 3.29 times higher in subjects reporting taking more than 2 medications in the last 24 h (CI 95%: 1.14-9.44, p<0.05). Chronic daytime sleepiness measured by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, expressed heavy snoring and nocturnal leg movements did not explain traffic accidents. CONCLUSION Physicians should be attentive to complaints of poor sleep quality and quantity, symptoms of anxiety-nervousness and/or drug consumption in regular car drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Philip
- Université de Bordeaux, Sommeil, Attention et Neuropsychiatrie, USR SANPSY 3413, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, SANPSY, USR 3413, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CHU Pellegrin, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Cyril Chaufton
- Université de Bordeaux, Sommeil, Attention et Neuropsychiatrie, USR SANPSY 3413, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, SANPSY, USR 3413, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CHU Pellegrin, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Ludivine Orriols
- INSERM U897, ISPED, Equipe PPCT, Université de Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Emmanuel Lagarde
- INSERM U897, ISPED, Equipe PPCT, Université de Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Emmanuelle Amoros
- IFSTTAR, TS2, UMRESTTE, F-69500 Bron, France et Université Lyon 1, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | - Bernard Laumon
- IFSTTAR, TS2, UMRESTTE, F-69500 Bron, France et Université Lyon 1, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | | | - Jacques Taillard
- Université de Bordeaux, Sommeil, Attention et Neuropsychiatrie, USR SANPSY 3413, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, SANPSY, USR 3413, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CHU Pellegrin, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Patricia Sagaspe
- Université de Bordeaux, Sommeil, Attention et Neuropsychiatrie, USR SANPSY 3413, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, SANPSY, USR 3413, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CHU Pellegrin, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
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Bates LJ, Davey J, Watson B, King MJ, Armstrong K. Factors Contributing to Crashes among Young Drivers. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2014; 14:e297-e305. [PMID: 25097763 PMCID: PMC4117653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Young drivers are the group of drivers most likely to crash. There are a number of factors that contribute to the high crash risk experienced by these drivers. While some of these factors are intrinsic to the young driver, such as their age, gender or driving skill, others relate to social factors and when and how often they drive. This article reviews the factors that affect the risk of young drivers crashing to enable a fuller understanding of why this risk is so high in order to assist in developing effective countermeasures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyndel J. Bates
- School of Criminology & Criminal Justice, Griffith University, Mount Gravatt, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Accident Research & Road Safety, School of Psychology & Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jeremy Davey
- Centre for Accident Research & Road Safety, School of Psychology & Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Barry Watson
- Centre for Accident Research & Road Safety, School of Psychology & Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mark J. King
- Centre for Accident Research & Road Safety, School of Psychology & Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kerry Armstrong
- Centre for Accident Research & Road Safety, School of Psychology & Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Asbridge M, Azagba S, Langille DB, Rasic D. Elevated depressive symptoms and adolescent injury: examining associations by injury frequency, injury type, and gender. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:190. [PMID: 24555802 PMCID: PMC3975970 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Key risk factors for adolescent injury have been well documented, and include structural, behavioural, and psychosocial indicators. While psychiatric distress has been associated with suicidal behaviour and related self-harm, very little research has examined the role of depression in shaping adolescent injury. This study examines the association of elevated depressive symptoms with injury, including total number of injuries and injury type. Gender differences are also considered. METHODS Data were drawn in 2010-11 from a representative sample of 2,989 high school students (14 to18 years of age) from Nova Scotia, Canada. Self-reported injury outcomes were examined using the 17-item Adolescent Injury Checklist, which captures past six-month injuries. Elevated depressive symptoms were assessed using the Centers for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale. Associations of elevated depressive symptoms with total number of injuries were estimated with negative binomial regression, while associations with specific injury types were estimated with logistic regression. Analyses were conducted in 2012. RESULTS Adolescents with elevated depressive symptoms experienced a 40% increase in the total number of injury events occurring in the past six months. The association of elevated depressive symptoms with injury was consistent across injury type; violence-related (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.61 to 3.03), transport-related (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.10 to 2.13), and unintentional injuries (OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.20 to 2.27). Gender differences were also observed. CONCLUSION Elevated depressive symptoms play a role in shaping adolescent injury. Interventions aimed at reducing adolescent injury should look to minimize psychosocial antecedents, such as poor mental health, that put adolescents at an elevated risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Asbridge
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
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Reisner SL, Van Wagenen A, Gordon A, Calzo JP. Disparities in safety belt use by sexual orientation identity among US high school students. Am J Public Health 2013; 104:311-8. [PMID: 24328643 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2013.301745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We examined associations between adolescents' safety belt use and sexual orientation identity. METHODS We pooled data from the 2005 and 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Surveys (n = 26,468 weighted; mean age = 15.9 years; 35.4% White, 24.7% Black, 23.5% Latino, 16.4% other). We compared lesbian and gay (1.2%), bisexual (3.5%), and unsure (2.6%) youths with heterosexuals (92.7%) on a binary indicator of passenger safety belt use. We stratified weighted multivariable logistic regression models by sex and adjusted for survey wave and sampling design. RESULTS Overall, 12.6% of high school students reported "rarely" or "never" wearing safety belts. Sexual minority youths had increased odds of reporting nonuse relative to heterosexuals (48% higher for male bisexuals, 85% for lesbians, 46% for female bisexuals, and 51% for female unsure youths; P < .05), after adjustment for demographic (age, race/ethnicity), individual (body mass index, depression, bullying, binge drinking, riding with a drunk driver, academic achievement), and contextual (living in jurisdictions with secondary or primary safety belt laws, percentage below poverty, percentage same-sex households) risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Public health interventions should address sexual orientation identity disparities in safety belt use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sari L Reisner
- Sari L. Reisner and Allegra Gordon are with the Department of Society, Human Development, and Health, Harvard School of Public Health, and Jerel P. Calzo is with the Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Sari L. Reisner is also with and Aimee Van Wagenen is with the Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston. Jerel P. Calzo is also with the Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston
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