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Marsh AD, Newby H, Storey S, Yeung D, Diaz T, Baltag V, Banerjee A, Abduvahobov P, Adebayo E, Azzopardi PS, Ba MG, Bose K, Cardona M, Carvajal-Velez L, Dastgiri S, Fagan L, Ferguson BJ, Friedman HS, Hagell A, Inchley J, Kågesten AE, Keogh SC, Moller AB, Saewyc EM, Tang K, Guthold R. Indicators to Measure Adolescent Health at the Country, Regional, and Global Levels: Results of a Five-Year Selection Process by the Global Action for the Measurement of Adolescent Health. J Adolesc Health 2024; 74:S31-S46. [PMID: 38762261 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To improve adolescent health measurement, the Global Action for the Measurement of Adolescent health (GAMA) Advisory Group was formed in 2018 and published a draft list of 52 indicators across six adolescent health domains in 2022. We describe the process and results of selecting the adolescent health indicators recommended by GAMA (hereafter, "GAMA-recommended indicators"). METHODS Each indicator in the draft list was assessed using the following inputs: (1) availability of data and stakeholders' perceptions on their relevance, acceptability, and feasibility across selected countries; (2) alignment with current measurement recommendations and practices; and (3) data in global databases. Topic-specific working groups comprised of GAMA experts and representatives of United Nations partner agencies reviewed results and provided preliminary recommendations, which were appraised by all GAMA members and finalized. RESULTS There are 47 GAMA-recommended indicators (36 core and 11 additional) for adolescent health measurement across six domains: policies, programs, and laws (4 indicators); systems performance and interventions (4); health determinants (7); health behaviors and risks (20); subjective well-being (2); and health outcomes and conditions (10). DISCUSSION These indicators are the result of a robust and structured five-year process to identify a priority set of indicators with relevance to adolescent health globally. This inclusive and participatory approach incorporated inputs from a broad range of stakeholders, including adolescents and young people themselves. The GAMA-recommended indicators are now ready to be used to measure adolescent health at the country, regional, and global levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Marsh
- Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing Department, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Holly Newby
- Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing Department, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Simone Storey
- Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing Department, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Diana Yeung
- Department of International Health, Institute for International Programs, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Theresa Diaz
- Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing Department, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Valentina Baltag
- Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing Department, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anshu Banerjee
- Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing Department, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Parviz Abduvahobov
- Health and Education Section, Division for Peace and Sustainable Development, Education Sector, UNESCO, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Adebayo
- Adolescent Health Unit, Institute of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Peter S Azzopardi
- Department of Paediatrics, Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Adolescent Health and Wellbeing Program, Telethon Kids Institute, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Mariame Gueye Ba
- Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontology/Gynecology, University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar, Dakar, Senegal; Obstetrics Clinic, University Teaching Hospital A. Le Dantec, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Krishna Bose
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore
| | - Marcelo Cardona
- Center for Eating and feeding Disorders Research, Mental Health Center Ballerup, Copenhagen University Hospital - Mental Health Services, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Liliana Carvajal-Velez
- Division of Data, Analytics, Planning and Monitoring, Data and Analytics Section, UNICEF, New York, New York
| | - Saeed Dastgiri
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Lucy Fagan
- UN Major Group for Children and Youth, London, United Kingdom; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Howard S Friedman
- Technical Division, United Nations Population Fund, New York, New York
| | - Ann Hagell
- Independent Consultant, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jo Inchley
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Anna E Kågesten
- Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing Department, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sarah C Keogh
- Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing Department, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ann-Beth Moller
- Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research World Health Organization includes the UNDP-UNFPA-UNICEF-WHO-World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP), Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Kun Tang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Regina Guthold
- Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing Department, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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