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Guo X, Su W, Wang X, Hu W, Meng J, Ahmed MA, Qu G, Sun Y. Assessing the effects of air pollution and residential greenness on frailty in older adults: a prospective cohort study from China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:9091-9105. [PMID: 38183550 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31741-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Many studies have established a correlation between air pollution and green space with age-related diseases, yet the relationship between air pollution, green space, and frailty among older adults is not fully understood. The primary objective of this investigation is to examine the longitudinal association among air pollution, green space, and frailty in older adults, as well as the potential interaction and mediating effect. Analyzed data were obtained from the multi-wave CLHLS investigation (2008-2018). The participants' environmental exposure was evaluated using six air pollutants (PM1, PM2.5, PM10, PM10-2.5, O3, and NO2), and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Annual ambient air pollutants were estimated using satellite-based spatiotemporal models. Time-varying Cox proportional risk models were employed to investigate the longitudinal relationships between air pollutants, greenness, and the onset of frailty in the elderly population. We conducted a variety of subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses, and assessed potential interaction and causal mediating effects. A total of 6953 eligible elderly individuals were enrolled in our study. In the fully adjusted model, per IQR uptick in levels of PM1, PM2.5, PM10, PM10-2.5, O3, and NO2 corresponded to a 17% (95% CI 1.10-1.24), 25% (95% CI 1.17-1.34), 29% (95% CI 1.20-1.39), 35% (95% CI 1.24-1.47), 12% (95% CI 1.04-1.20), and 11% (95% CI 1.05-1.18) increase in frailty risk, respectively. For NDVI, increased IQR was significantly negatively associated with the risk of frailty (aHR 0.82, 95% CI 0.77-0.87). Our results revealed a significant interaction effect among O3, NO2, and residential greenness. PM1, PM2.5, PM10, and PM10-2.5 play a mediating role in the estimated relationship between residential greenness and frailty. In summary, our study reveals that PM1, PM2.5, PM10, PM10-2.5, O3, and NO2 correspond to elevated risks of frailty in the elderly. Residential greenness is associated with a lower risk of frailty in the elderly. Residential greenness can exert a positive impact on frailty by reducing particulate matter concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwei Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Wenqi Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xingyue Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Wenjing Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jia Meng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Mubashir Ayaz Ahmed
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Guangbo Qu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yehuan Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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Huerta Ojeda Á, Jofré‐Saldía E, Barahona‐Fuentes G, Yeomans‐Cabrera M, Bravo M. Environmental pollution and health in Chilean older adults: Impact on quality of life and functional autonomy. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e1890. [PMID: 38384977 PMCID: PMC10879469 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Due to increased urbanization and industry, environmental pollution is a serious public health concern. Globally, the quality of life is particularly lowered by exposure to high amounts of particulate matter (PM). Chile has five industrial zones with high pollution levels, called "sacrifice zones." However, the effect of polluted air on the quality of life and functional autonomy (FA) of older people living in industrial zones with high pollution levels is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the quality of life and FA differences between Chilean older women (OW) living in areas with lower and higher PM levels. Materials and Methods Seventy-two OW volunteered for this study. The sample was divided into Zone 1 (PM2.5 ≤ 15 µg/m3, n = 36) and Zone 2 (PM2.5 > 15 µg/m3, n = 36). The variables were quality of life-assessed through the SF-36v2.0 questionnaire, and FA-assessed through the GDLAM protocols. Differences between zones were tested by Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney test, both for independent samples (p < 0.05). Results All eight dimensions of quality of life were lower in Zone 2, of which the role emotional (RE) showed significant differences between zones (p < 0.05). Performance on the GDLAM protocols and the FA index were lower in Zone 2 (p ˃ 0.05). Conclusion OW in Zone 2 showed lower quality of life and FA. PM could affect the older population's physical and mental health and, therefore, the quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Huerta Ojeda
- Núcleo de Investigación en Salud, Actividad Física y Deporte ISAFYDUniversidad de Las AméricasViña del MarChile
| | - Emilio Jofré‐Saldía
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la SaludUniversidad de Santiago de Chile USACHSantiagoChile
| | - Guillermo Barahona‐Fuentes
- Núcleo de Investigación en Salud, Actividad Física y Deporte ISAFYDUniversidad de Las AméricasViña del MarChile
| | | | - Maximiliano Bravo
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Departamento de GeriatríaHospital Carlos Van BurenValparaísoChile
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Xiao H, Huang S, Yang W, Zhang W, Xiao H, Cai S. Causal association between air pollution and frailty: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1288293. [PMID: 38026367 PMCID: PMC10662305 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1288293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Frailty is a significant problem for older persons since it is linked to a number of unfavorable consequences. According to observational researches, air pollution may raise the risk of frailty. We investigated the causal association between frailty and air pollution (including PM2.5, PM2.5-10, PM10, nitrogen dioxide, and nitrogen oxides) using Mendelian randomization approach. Methods We conducted MR analysis using extensive publically accessible GWAS (genome-wide association studies) summary data. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was employed as the primary analysis method. The weighted median model, MR-Egger, simple model, and weighted model approaches were chosen for quality control. The Cochran's Q test was utilized to evaluate heterogeneity. Pleiotropy is found using the MR-Egger regression test. The MR-PRESSO method was used to recognize outliers. The leave-one-out strategy was used to conduct the sensitivity analysis. Results MR results suggested that PM2.5 was statistically significantly associated with frailty [odds ratio (OR) = 1.33; 95%confidence interval (CI) = 1.12-1.58, p = 0.001] in IVW method. We observed no statistical association between PM2.5-10(OR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.79-1.28, p = 0.979), PM10(OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.75-1.11, p = 0.364), nitrogen dioxide (OR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.85-1.12, p = 0.730), nitrogen oxides (OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 0.98-1.36, p = 0.086) and frailty. There was no pleiotropy in the results. The sensitivity analysis based on the leave-one-out method showed that the individual single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) did not affect the robustness of the results. Conclusion The current MR investigation shows a causal association between PM2.5 and frailty. Frailty's detrimental progression may be slowed down with the help of air pollution prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of MICU, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenni Zhang
- Department of MICU, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanshun Xiao
- Department of MICU, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuangming Cai
- Department of MICU, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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