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Mosannen Mozafari P, Aboutorabzadeh SM, Azizi H, Khorasanchi M, Lotfinia Z, Motaghi S. Is laser acupuncture effective in controlling gag reflex while taking dental impressions? A randomized double-blinded sham-controlled clinical trial. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2022; 22:101733. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2022.101733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bintoro DA, Nareswari I, Andriastuti M. Efficacy of Press Needle at PC6 Neiguan and ST36 Zusanli as Adjuvant Therapy in Reducing Symptoms of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Pediatric Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy. Med Acupunct 2022. [DOI: 10.1089/acu.2021.0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dinda Aniela Bintoro
- Department of Medical Acupuncture, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Irma Nareswari
- Department of Medical Acupuncture, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Murti Andriastuti
- Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Yang X, Wang T, Jiang Y, Ren F, Jiang H. Patients' Expectancies to Acupuncture: A Systematic Review. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2022; 28:202-217. [PMID: 35294303 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2021.0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This systematic review aimed to document and describe how and when to assess patients' expectancies to acupuncture and the relationship between patients' expectancies and clinical effects. Materials and Methods: Three English databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and EMBASE, and four Chinese databases, including the Chinese Biomedicine Literature Database, Chinese Journal Full-text Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Full-text Database, and Wanfang Database, were searched up to February 2020. Studies involving patients' expectancies to acupuncture were included. Based on the detailed situations of patients' expectancies, we made a standardized data extraction table that included the basic information of articles, study design details, and measurement of expectations. Based on the data, a descriptive analysis was performed, covering the characteristics of studies, measuring methods of expectations and the relationship between patients' expectancies and clinical effects. Methodology quality assessment was also performed by the risk of bias and the standards for reporting interventions in controlled trials of acupuncture. Results: There were 61 randomized controlled trials included in our analysis. The number of articles increased gradually over time and grew significantly after 2008. About half of trials focused on pain alleviation. Expectancies were measured before the treatment (N = 43), after the treatment (N = 3), and both before and after the treatment (N = 10), and five studies did not mention it. The measurement of expectancies used self-made questionnaires or scales (N = 27), the Acupuncture Expectations Scale (N = 6), and other scales (N = 11), while 17 studies did not describe what scale they used. The used questionnaires or scales mostly tried to ascertain the strength of confidence that acupuncture would help. Patients' expectancies and clinical effects were relevant in 19 studies, irrelevant in 21 studies, and were not mentioned in 21 studies. Conclusions: Patients' expectations to acupuncture have received increasing attention in recent years, but there is still no recognized measurement time and methods. It is critical to develop questions and answers regarding patients' expectations with better discrimination and reliability to accurately assess expectations and to explore the relationship between patients' expectations and acupuncture outcomes in future trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyue Yang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tianlin Wang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Feihong Ren
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Honglin Jiang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Yang Q, Mao H, Chen X, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Liu Z, Jiang G, Huang W. Neiguan (PC6)-based acupuncture pretreatment for myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury: A protocol for preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e20792. [PMID: 32664071 PMCID: PMC7360322 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000020792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI) is 1 of the leading causes of disability and mortality worldwide in the cardiovascular diseases. Acupuncture has been widely applied in the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases in recent years. This systematic review protocol aims to provide the methods for evaluating the efficacy of Neiguan (PC6)-based acupuncture pretreatment in animal models of MIRI. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, as well as the Chinese databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, China Biology Medicine Database and WanFang Database will be searched from inception to November 2019. The outcome measures were myocardial infarct size, the level of ST-segment elevation, left ventricular ejection fraction, shortening fraction, arrhythmia score, cardiac enzymes, and cardiac troponin. Study inclusion, data extraction and quality assessment will be performed independently by 2 reviewers. RevMan 5.3 software will be used for the data synthesis and the quality of each study will be assessed independently by using the Collaborative Approach To Meta-Analysis And Review Of Animal Data From Experimental Studies checklist with minor modification. RESULTS This review will provide a high-quality synthesis of Neiguan (PC6)-based acupuncture pretreatment for MIRI in animal models CONCLUSIONS:: This systematic review will provide conclusive evidence for whether Neiguan (PC6)-based acupuncture pretreatment is an effective intervention in animal models of MIRI. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO CRD42020175144.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Yang
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine/The Co-innovation Center for Preventive Treatment of Disease of Acupuncture-moxibustion in Hubei Province
| | - Huifang Mao
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanji Zhang
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine/The Co-innovation Center for Preventive Treatment of Disease of Acupuncture-moxibustion in Hubei Province
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine/The Co-innovation Center for Preventive Treatment of Disease of Acupuncture-moxibustion in Hubei Province
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine/The Co-innovation Center for Preventive Treatment of Disease of Acupuncture-moxibustion in Hubei Province
| | - Gongdao Jiang
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine/The Co-innovation Center for Preventive Treatment of Disease of Acupuncture-moxibustion in Hubei Province
| | - Wei Huang
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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Eachempati P, Kumbargere Nagraj S, Kiran Kumar Krishanappa S, George RP, Soe HHK, Karanth L. Management of gag reflex for patients undergoing dental treatment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019; 2019:CD011116. [PMID: 31721146 PMCID: PMC6953338 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd011116.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gag reflex is an involuntary defence mechanism to protect the pharynx and throat from foreign objects. Gagging is a common problem encountered during dental treatment, making therapeutic procedures distressing and often difficult or even impossible to perform. Various interventions can be used to control the gag reflex: anti-nausea medicines, sedatives, local and general anaesthetics, herbal remedies, behavioural therapies, acupressure, acupuncture, laser, and prosthetic devices. This is an update of the Cochrane Review first published in 2015. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for the management of gagging in people undergoing dental treatment. SEARCH METHODS Cochrane Oral Health's Information Specialist searched the Cochrane Oral Health's Trials Register (to 18 March 2019), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; 2019, Issue 2) in the Cochrane Library (searched 18 March 2019), MEDLINE Ovid (1946 to 18 March 2019), Embase Ovid (1980 to 18 March 2019), CINAHL EBSCO (1937 to 18 March 2019), AMED Ovid (1985 to 18 March 2019), and the proceedings of the International Association for Dental Research (IADR) online (2001 to 18 March 2019). The US National Institutes of Health Ongoing Trials Register (ClinicalTrials.gov) and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched for ongoing trials. We also conducted forwards citation searching on the included studies via Google Scholar. No restrictions were placed on the language or date of publication when searching the electronic databases. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs), involving people who were given a pharmacological or non-pharmacological intervention to manage gagging that interfered with dental treatment. We excluded quasi-RCTs. We excluded trials with participants who had central or peripheral nervous system disorders, who had oral lesions or were on systemic medications that might affect the gag sensation, or had undergone surgery which might alter anatomy permanently. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We independently selected trials, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. We followed Cochrane's statistical guidelines. We assessed the overall certainty of the evidence using GRADE. MAIN RESULTS We included four trials at unclear risk of bias with 328 participants (263 adults and 65 children who were four years or older), in which one trial compared acupuncture and acupressure (with thumb, device and sea band) at P6 (point located three-finger breadths below the wrist on the inner forearm in between the two tendons) to sham acupuncture and acupressure with and without sedation. One trial compared acupuncture at P6 point to sham acupuncture. These trials reported both completion of dental procedure and reduction in gagging (assessor and patient reported) as their outcomes. One cross-over and one split-mouth trial studied the effect of laser at P6 point compared to control. One trial reported reduction in gagging and another reported presence or absence of gagging during dental procedure. Acupuncture at P6 showed uncertain evidence regarding the successful completion of dental procedure (RR 1.78, 95% CI 1.05 to 3.01; two trials, 59 participants; very low-certainty evidence) and uncertain evidence regarding the reduction in gagging (RR 2.57, 95% CI 1.12 to 5.89; one trial, 26 participants; very low-certainty evidence) in comparison to sham acupuncture. Acupuncture at P6 with sedation did not show any difference when compared to sham acupuncture with sedation (RR 1.08, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.28; one trial, 34 participants; very low-certainty evidence). Acupressure using thumb pressure with or without sedation showed no clear difference in completing dental procedure (RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.10; one trial, 39 participants; very low-certainty evidence; and RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.50 to 1.46; one trial, 30 participants; very low-certainty evidence; respectively), or reduction in gagging (RR 1.06, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.23; one trial, 39 participants; very low-certainty evidence; and RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.60 to 1.41; one trial, 30 participants; very low-certainty evidence; respectively) when compared to sham acupressure with or without sedation. Acupressure at P6 with device showed uncertain evidence regarding the successful completion of dental procedure (RR 2.63, 95% CI 1.33 to 5.18; one trial, 34 participants; very low-certainty evidence) and uncertain evidence regarding the reduction in gagging (RR 3.94, 95% CI 1.63 to 9.53; one trial, 34 participants; very low-certainty evidence) when compared to sham acupressure. However, device combined with sedation showed no difference for either outcome (RR 1.16, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.48; one trial, 27 participants; very low-certainty evidence; and RR 1.26, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.69; one trial, 27 participants; very low-certainty evidence; respectively). Acupressure using a sea band with or without sedation showed no clear difference in completing dental procedure (RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.17; one trial, 21 participants; very low-certainty evidence; and RR 1.80, 95% CI 0.63 to 5.16; one trial, 19 participants; very low-certainty evidence; respectively), or reduction in gagging (RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.17; one trial, 21 participants; very low-certainty evidence; and RR 2.70, 95% CI 0.72 to 10.14; one trial, 19 participants; very low-certainty evidence; respectively) when compared to sham acupressure with or without sedation. Laser at P6 showed a difference in absence of gagging (odds ratio (OR) 86.33, 95% CI 29.41 to 253.45; one trial, 40 participants; very low-certainty evidence) and reduction in gagging (MD 1.80, 95% CI 1.53 to 2.07; one trial, 25 participants; very low-certainty evidence) during dental procedure when compared to dummy laser application. No noteworthy adverse effects were reported. For acupuncture at P6, the trial authors were unsure whether the reported adverse effects were due to participant anxiety or due to the intervention. None of the trials on acupressure or laser reported on this outcome. We did not find trials evaluating any other interventions used to manage gagging in people undergoing dental treatment. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS We found very low-certainty evidence from four trials that was insufficient to conclude if there is any benefit of acupuncture, acupressure or laser at P6 point in reducing gagging and allowing successful completion of dental procedures. We did not find any evidence on any other interventions for managing the gag reflex during dental treatment. More well-designed and well-reported trials evaluating different interventions are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanti Eachempati
- Faculty of Dentistry, Melaka-Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Department of Prosthodontics, Jalan Batu Hampar, Bukit Baru, Melaka, Malaysia, 75150
| | - Sumanth Kumbargere Nagraj
- Faculty of Dentistry, Melaka-Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Radiology, Jalan Batu Hampar, Bukit Baru, Melaka, Malaysia, 75150
| | - Salian Kiran Kumar Krishanappa
- Faculty of Dentistry, Melaka-Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Department of Prosthodontics, Jalan Batu Hampar, Bukit Baru, Melaka, Malaysia, 75150
| | - Renjith P George
- Faculty of Dentistry, Melaka-Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Department of Oral Pathology, Jalan Batu Hampar, Bukit Baru, Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia, 75150
| | - Htoo Htoo Kyaw Soe
- Faculty of Medicine, Melaka-Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Department of Community Medicine, Jalan Batu Hampar, Bukit Baru, Melaka, Malaysia, 75150
| | - Laxminarayan Karanth
- Melaka-Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bukit Baru, Jalan Batu, Hampar, Melaka, Malaysia, 75150
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de Almeida TB, Zotelli VLR, Wada RS, Sousa MLR. Comparative Analgesia Between Acupuncture and Dipyrone in Odontalgia. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2019; 12:182-191. [PMID: 31404683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jams.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess whether the effectiveness of acupuncture is similar to the use of analgesics in the management of toothache. The research included 56 volunteers who were divided into 4 groups: Real Acupuncture group, Placebo Acupuncture group, Real Dipyrone group, and Placebo Dipyrone group. The interventions of the study were performed before the dental care. Inclusion criteria were toothache of pulpal origin with pain scale (Visual Analogue Scale) above 4, absence of medication for the pain, and aged over 18 years. The Real Acupuncture volunteers received a session of acupuncture using piercing needles, while volunteers from the Placebo Acupuncture group received an acupuncture session using non-piercing sham needles. Volunteers from the Real Dipyrone group received a dipyrone tablet and the Placebo Acupuncture group received a tablet with no active ingredient. Before any therapeutic intervention, we collected samples from the volunteers' saliva to analyze the salivary cortisol, the volunteers rated the intensity of their pain using VAS, and we measured their energy level by the Ryodoraku method. After 20 minutes of treatment, all the volunteers' analysis parameters were collected again. The Real Acupuncture group presented a greater reduction of VAS than the reduction obtained by the Real Dipyrone group (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups for the salivary cortisol and energy level variables. It can be concluded that acupuncture was more effective in reducing odontalgia than the dipyrone and that it can be an alternative for odontalgia management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita B de Almeida
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Vera L R Zotelli
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo S Wada
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Maria L R Sousa
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil.
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7
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Lu H, Han L, Hu J, Guo Y, Zhang C. Response to "The Effect of Neiguan Point (P6) Acupressure With Wristband on Postoperative Nausea, Vomiting, and Comfort Level: A Randomized Controlled Study" from Lu et al. J Perianesth Nurs 2019; 34:676-677. [PMID: 31376845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopan.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Lu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lisha Han
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiahui Hu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunping Guo
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunhong Zhang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Maharjan A, Peng M, Cakmak YO. Non-invasive High Frequency Median Nerve Stimulation Effectively Suppresses Olfactory Intensity Perception in Healthy Males. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 12:533. [PMID: 30719001 PMCID: PMC6348262 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Median nerve stimulation (MNS) had been performed in the existing literature to alleviate symptoms of nausea and vomiting. The observed facilitative effects are thought to be mediated by the vagal pathways, particularly the vagus nerve (VN) brainstem nuclei of the dorsal motor nucleus of vagus and nucleus tractus solitarius (DMV-NTS). Sense of smell is one of the major sensory modalities for inducing vomiting and nausea as a primary defense against potentially harmful intake of material. This study aimed to test effects of non-invasive, high and low frequency MNS on human olfactory functioning, with supplementary exploration of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Twenty healthy, male, adults performed supra-threshold odor intensity tests (labeled magnitude scale, LMS) for four food-related odorant samples (presented in three different concentrations) before and after receiving high-, low frequency MNS and placebo (no stimulation), while cortical activities in the OFC was monitored by the NIRS. Data of the NIRS and LMS test of separate stimulation parameters were statistically analyzed using mixed-model analysis of variance (ANOVA). Only the high frequency MNS showed effects for suppressing the intensity perception of the moderate concentration of Amyl Acetate (p:0.042) and strong concentration of Isovaleric Acid (p:0.004) and 1-Octen-3-ol (p:0.006). These behavioral changes were coupled with significant changes in the NIRS recordings of the left (p:0.000) and right (p:0.003) hemispheric orbitofrontal cortices. This is the first study that applied non-invasive, high frequency MNS to suppress the supra-threshold odor ratings of specific concentrations of odors. The vagal networks are potential relays of MNS to influence OFC. Results from the current article implore further research into non-invasive, high frequency MNS in the investigation of its modulatory effects on olfactory function, given its potential to be used for ameliorating nausea and malnutrition associated with various health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashim Maharjan
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Mei Peng
- Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Yusuf O Cakmak
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Brain Health Research Centre, Division of Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Medical Technologies Centre of Research Excellence, Auckland, New Zealand
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9
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Grillo CM, Zotelli VLR, Lúcia Bressiani Gil M, de Sousa MDLR. Would a Placebo Acupuncture Needle be Able to Induce Deqi? J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2018; 11:273-279. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jams.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Mangano A, Beretta M, Luongo G, Mangano C, Mangano F. Conventional Vs Digital Impressions: Acceptability, Treatment Comfort and Stress Among Young Orthodontic Patients. Open Dent J 2018; 12:118-124. [PMID: 29492177 PMCID: PMC5815028 DOI: 10.2174/1874210601812010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of the present study was to compare patients' acceptability, comfort and stress with conventional and digital impressions. Materials and Methods Thirty young orthodontic patients (15 males and 15 females) who had no previous experience of impressions were enrolled in this study. Conventional impressions for orthodontic study models of the dental arches were taken using an alginate impression material (Hydrogum®, Zhermack Spa, Badia Polesine, Rovigo, Italy). Fifteen days later, digital impressions of both arches were acquired using an intraoral scanner (CS3600®, Carestream Dental, Rochester, NY, USA). Immediately after impression taking, patients' acceptability, comfort and stress were measured using two questionnaires and the State anxiety scale. Results Data showed no difference in terms of anxiety and stress; however, patients preferred the use of digital impressions systems instead of conventional impression techniques. Alginate impressions resulted as fast as digital impressions. Conclusions Digital impressions resulted the most accepted and comfortable impression technique in young orthodontic patients, when compared to conventional techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Mangano
- Private practice, Piazza Trento 4, 22015 Gravedona ed Uniti, Como, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Luongo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Mangano
- Department of Dental Sciences, S. Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Mangano
- Department of Surgical and Morphological Science, Dental School, University of Varese, Varese, Italy
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11
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De Veaux CKE, Montagnese TA, Heima M, Aminoshariae A, Mickel A. The Effect of Various Concentrations of Nitrous Oxide and Oxygen on the Hypersensitive Gag Reflex. Anesth Prog 2017; 63:181-184. [PMID: 27973941 DOI: 10.2344/15-00039.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of various concentrations of N2O/O2 on obtunding a hypersensitive gag reflex. We hypothesized that the administration of nitrous oxide and oxygen would obtund a hypersensitive gag reflex enough to allow a patient to tolerate the placement and holding of a digital x-ray sensor long enough to obtain a dental radiograph. Volunteers claiming to have a hypersensitive gag reflex were first screened to validate their claim and then tested by placing a size 2 digital x-ray sensor in the position for a periapical radiograph of the right mandibular molar area and holding it in place for 10 seconds. Subjects were first tested using room air only, then 30%, 50%, or 70% nitrous oxide until they were able to tolerate the sensor without gagging or discomfort. A visual analog scale was used for subjective responses, and other statistical tests were used to analyze the results. We found that for some subjects, 30% nitrous oxide was sufficient; for others, 50% was needed; and for the remainder of the subjects, 70% was sufficient to tolerate the test. Using a combination of 70% nitrous oxide and 30% oxygen allowed all patients claiming to have a hypersensitive gag reflex to tolerate the placement and holding of a digital x-ray sensor long enough to take a periapical radiograph.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candace K E De Veaux
- Resident, Postgraduate Endodontic Program, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Thomas A Montagnese
- Assistant Professor, Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Masahiro Heima
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Anita Aminoshariae
- Assistant Professor, Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Andre Mickel
- Associate Professor and Chair, Department of Endodontics, and Director, Postgraduate Endodontic Program, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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A Case Report on the Effect of Sham Acupuncture. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2016; 9:275-278. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jams.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Daneshkazemi A, Daneshkazemi P, Davoudi A, Badrian H, Firouzabadi VP. Is acupuncturing effective in controlling the gag reflex during dental procedures? A review of literature. Anesth Essays Res 2016; 10:173-7. [PMID: 27212742 PMCID: PMC4864703 DOI: 10.4103/0259-1162.177182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional acupuncture has been introduced more than 2500 years ago which provides an alternative and complementary option during clinical practices. Its main mechanism is based on stimulating the nerves by altering the processes and perception of pain transmitters. It facilitates releasing natural pain relievers such as endorphins and serotonin. Its success for various dental procedures has been proved earlier. However, its effects on controlling the gag reflex seem to be overlooked. The gag reflex is recognized as a protective reaction for stopping the entrance of any foreign bodies into the oropharynx. Pronounced gag reflexes can have negative impacts on the quality of dental procedures. Many techniques have been suggested for managing this reflex and acupuncturing is one of those which seems to be overlooked recently. The aim of this paper is reviewing the published high-quality researches about the efficacy of this technique for eliminating the gag reflex during dental procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Daneshkazemi
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Social Determinant of Oral Health Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pedram Daneshkazemi
- Dental Student, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Davoudi
- Dental Students Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Badrian
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Prashanti E, Sumanth KN, Renjith George P, Karanth L, Soe HHK. Management of gag reflex for patients undergoing dental treatment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015:CD011116. [PMID: 26423025 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd011116.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gag reflex is an involuntary defence mechanism to protect the pharynx and throat from foreign objects. Gagging is a common problem encountered during dental treatment, which makes therapeutic procedures distressing and often difficult or even impossible to perform. Various interventions can be used to control the gag reflex; for example, anti-nausea medicines, sedatives, local and general anaesthetics, herbal remedies, behavioural therapies, acupressure, acupuncture, and prosthetic devices. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for the management of gagging in people undergoing dental treatment. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register (to 7 April 2015), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (the Cochrane Library, Issue 4, 2014), MEDLINE via OVID (1946 to 7 April 2015), EMBASE via OVID (1980 to 7 April 2015), CINAHL via EBSCO (1980 to 7 April 2015), AMED via OVID (1985 to 7 April 2015), IADR Conference Proceedings (online, 2001 to 7 April 2015), clinical trial registries and Google search engine. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs), involving people who were given a pharmacological or non-pharmacological intervention to manage gagging that interfered with dental treatment. We excluded quasi-RCTs and cross-over trials. We excluded trials with participants who had central or peripheral nervous system disorders; who had oral lesions or were on systemic medications that might affect the gag sensation; or had undergone surgery which might alter anatomy permanently. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently selected trials. Three review authors independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias in the included trials. We estimated risk ratios (RRs) for dichotomous data, and mean differences (MDs) for continuous data, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We assessed the overall quality of the evidence using the GRADE approach. MAIN RESULTS One RCT, a trial on acupuncture at P6 (Pericardium 6 - situated on the anterior surface of wrist), met the inclusion criteria. It included 33 adults who reported previous nausea during dental procedures that hindered or prevented dental treatment from being carried out properly. The trial was at unclear risk of bias. The outcome reported in this trial was reduction in gagging. We obtained data for our primary outcome (successful completion of dental procedure) by contacting the trial author.Successful completion of dental procedure reported by the assessor showed no difference in acupuncture at P6 group compared to sham acupuncture (RR 1.65, 95% CI 0.59 to 4.57). Reduction in gagging as reported by the assessor showed no difference between acupuncture at P6 and sham acupuncture at any stage (stage 1: MD 0.40, 95% CI -0.12 to 0.93; stage 2: MD 0.49, 95 % CI -0.26 to 1.24; stage 3: MD 0.67, 95% CI -0.18 to 1.53). Reduction in gagging as reported by the participant also showed no difference between acupuncture at P6 and sham acupuncture (MD 0.86, 95% CI -1.13 to 2.85). The quality of the evidence for all outcomes was very low.No noteworthy adverse effects were reported.We did not find trials evaluating any other interventions used to manage gagging in people undergoing dental treatment. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS We found very low quality evidence from a single trial that was insufficient to conclude if there is any benefit of acupuncture in reducing gagging and allowing successful completion of dental procedures. We did not find any evidence on any other interventions for managing the gag reflex during dental treatment. More well-designed and well-reported trials evaluating different interventions are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eachempati Prashanti
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Melaka-Manipal Medical College, Jalan Batu Hampar, Bukit Baru, Melaka, Malaysia, 75150
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