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Zhao G, Xie Y, Lei X, Guo R, Cui N. mTOR aggravated CD4 + T cell pyroptosis by regulating the PPARγ-Nrf2 pathway in sepsis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 140:112822. [PMID: 39096877 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. CD4+T cell reduction is crucial to sepsis-induced immunosuppression. Pyroptosis, a programmed necrosis, is concerned with lymphocytopenia. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) regulated by upstream mTOR, exerts anti-pyroptosis effects. To investigate the potential effects of mTOR-PPARγ on sepsis-induced CD4+T cell depletion and the underlying mechanisms, we observed mTOR activation and pyroptosis with PPARγ-Nrf suppression through cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) sepsis mouse model. Further mechanism research used genetically modified mice with T cell-specific knockout mTOR or Tuberous Sclerosis Complex1 (TSC1). It revealed that mTOR mediated CD4 + T cell pyroptosis in septic mice by negatively regulating the PPARγ-Nrf2 signaling pathway. Taken together, mTOR-PPARγ-Nrf2 signaling mediated the CD4+ T cell pyroptosis in sepsis, contributing to CD4+T cell depletion and immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyu Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yawen Xie
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xianli Lei
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ran Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Na Cui
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
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Ceylan A, Artac M, Kocak MZ, Artac H. Epidermal growth factor receptor and programmed cell death-1 expression levels in peripheral T cell subsets of patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Scand J Immunol 2024:e13398. [PMID: 39072784 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, in part due to its late diagnosis. Increased epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression in cancer cells is associated with a poor prognosis, and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors are widely used in cancer treatment. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between EGFR expression on T cells and cancer prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Forty patients with NSCLC and 40 healthy volunteers were included in this study. Peripheral CD4+T helper (Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17, Th1Th17, follicular and peripheral Th) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CD8+follicular and peripheral T) subsets were identified with flow cytometry according to their chemokine receptors. EGFR expression on T lymphocytes in relation to overall survival (OS) was investigated in patients with NSCLC. The patients [mean age (min-max) = 64.03 (45-83); 20 stage I-III and 20 stage IV] had increased EGFR expression on CD3+T, CD4+Th, Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells compared to the controls (p < 0.05). High EGFR expression on CD3+T, CD4+Th, Th1, and Th2 cells was associated with poor OS. Also, PD-1 expression on lymphocytes, CD3+T, and Th cells was increased in patients with NSCLC compared to controls. The high expression of EGFR and PD-1 on Th cells and the reduced percentage of lymphocytes and Th cells, especially in stage IV patients with NSCLC, revealed that increased EGFR activity may trigger apoptosis of Th cells and promote the development of metastases, while high EGFR expression on CD3+T, CD4+Th, Th1, and Th2 cells may be an independent poor prognostic marker in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayca Ceylan
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Artac
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Zahid Kocak
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Hasibe Artac
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
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3
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Luo S, Xu R, Xie P, Liu X, Ling C, Liu Y, Zhang X, Xia Z, Chen Z, Tang J. EGFR of platelet regulates macrophage activation and bacterial phagocytosis function. J Inflamm (Lond) 2024; 21:10. [PMID: 38632608 PMCID: PMC11022435 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-024-00382-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beyond their crucial role in hemostasis, platelets possess the ability to regulate inflammation and combat infections through various mechanisms. Stringent control of macrophage activation is essential during innate immune responses in sepsis. Macrophages are considered crucial phagocytic cells that aid in the elimination of pathogens. Platelet interactions with monocytes-macrophages are known to be significant in the response against bacterial infections, but the primary mediator driving these interactions remains unclear. EGFR plays critical role in the regulation of inflammation and infection through various mechanisms. RESULTS The overexpression of platelets by thrombopoietin (TPO) leads to the sequestration of both pro-inflammatory (IL-6/IL-1) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines in the organ tissue of septic mice. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is critical for platelet activation in sepsis. EGFR-licensed platelets enhance macrophage immune function, including the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the clearance of bacteria. Platelet EGFR also induces M1 macrophage polarization by increasing the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and CD64. CONCLUSION EGFR can activate platelet immune function. Moreover, activated platelets efficiently regulate bacterial phagocytosis and pro-inflammatory function of macrophages through an EGFR-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhua Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524000, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Guang Dong Medical University, 524000, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Riping Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524000, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Pengyun Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524000, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524000, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Guang Dong Medical University, 524000, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunxiu Ling
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524000, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Guang Dong Medical University, 524000, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Yusha Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524000, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Guang Dong Medical University, 524000, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuedi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524000, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Guang Dong Medical University, 524000, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengyuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524000, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhanghui Chen
- Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, 524000, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524000, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
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Wang X, Yang T, Shi S, Xu C, Wang F, Dai D, Guan G, Zhang Y, Wang S, Wang J, Zhang B, Liu P, Bai X, Jin Y, Li X, Zhu C, Chen D, Xu Q, Guo Y. Heterogeneity-induced NGF-NGFR communication inefficiency promotes mitotic spindle disorganization in exhausted T cells through PREX1 suppression to impair the anti-tumor immunotherapy with PD-1 mAb in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e6736. [PMID: 38204220 PMCID: PMC10905245 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanism of decreased T cells infiltrating tumor tissues in hepatocellular carcinoma is poorly understood. METHODS Cells were separated from the single-cell RNA-sequence dataset of hepatocellular carcinoma patients (GSE149614) for cell-cell communication. Flow cytometry, EDU staining, H3-Ser28 staining, confocal immunofluorescence staining, western blotting and naked microsubcutaneous tumors were performed for the mechanism of NGF-NGFR promoting proliferation. RESULTS The present study has revealed that during the process of T-cell infiltration from adjacent tissues to tumor tissues, an inefficiency in NGF-NGFR communication occurs in the tumor tissues. Importantly, NGF secreted by tumor cells interacts with NGFR present on the membranes of the infiltrated T cells, thereby promoting the proliferation through the activation of mitotic spindle signals. Mechanistically, the mediation of mitotic spindle signal activation promoting proliferation is executed by HDAC1-mediated inhibition of unclear trans-localization of PREX1. Furthermore, PD-1 mAb acts synergistically with the NGF-NGFR communication to suppress tumor progression in both mouse models and HCC patients. Additionally, NGF-NGFR communication was positively correlates with the PD-1/PDL-1 expression. However, expressions of NGF and NGFR are low in tumor tissues, which is responsible for the invasive clinicopathological features and the disappointing prognosis in HCC patients. CONCLUSION Inefficiency in NGF-NGFR communication impairs PD-1 mAb immunotherapy and could thus be utilized as a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of HCC patients in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Tongwang Yang
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
- Academician WorkstationChangsha Medical UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical PreparationsChangsha Medical UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Shangheng Shi
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Chuanshen Xu
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Feng Wang
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Deshu Dai
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Ge Guan
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Yong Zhang
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Shuxian Wang
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Jianhong Wang
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Bingliang Zhang
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Peng Liu
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Xiaoshuai Bai
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Yan Jin
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Xinqiang Li
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Cunle Zhu
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Dexi Chen
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
- Beijing Institute of HepatologyCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Qingguo Xu
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
- Academician WorkstationChangsha Medical UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yuan Guo
- Liver Disease CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
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Wei Y, Li T, Zhao D, Sun T, Ma C, Zhang L, Lv S, Li J, Tan J, Li W. Sodium butyrate ameliorates sepsis-associated lung injury by enhancing gut and lung barrier function in combination with modulation of CD4 +Foxp3 + regulatory T cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 963:176219. [PMID: 38040079 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis-associated lung injury often coexists with intestinal dysfunction. Butyrate, an essential gut microbiota metabolite, participates in gut-lung crosstalk and has immunoregulatory effects. This study aims to investigate the effect and mechanism of sodium butyrate (NaB) on lung injury. Sepsis-associated lung injury was established in mice by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Mice in treatment groups received NaB gavage after surgery. The survival rate, the oxygenation index and the lung wet-to-dry weight (W/D) ratio were calculated respectively. Pulmonary and intestinal histologic changes were observed. The total protein concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was measured, and inflammatory factors in serum and BALF were examined. Diamine oxidase (DAO), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and surfactant-associated protein D (SP-D) levels in serum and amphiregulin in lung tissue were assessed. Intercellular junction protein expression in the lung and intestinal tissues were examined. Changes in immune cells were analyzed. NaB treatment improved the survival rate, the oxygenation index and the histologic changes. NaB decreased the W/D ratio, total protein concentration, and the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, as well as SP-D, DAO and LPS, while increased the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines and amphiregulin. The intercellular junction protein expression were improved by NaB. Furthermore, the CD4+/CD8+ T-cell ratio and the proportion of CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) were increased by NaB. Our data suggested that NaB gavage effectively improved the survival rate and mitigated lung injury in CLP mice. The possible mechanism was that NaB augmented CD4+Foxp3+ Tregs and enhanced the barrier function of the gut and the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150080, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Dengming Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150080, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Tian Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150080, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Can Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150080, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150080, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Shihua Lv
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150080, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Jingbo Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150080, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Jing Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150080, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150080, Heilongjiang, PR China.
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Yao Q, Fan YY, Huang S, Hu GR, Song JK, Yang X, Zhao GH. MiR-4521 affects the propagation of Cryptosporidium parvum in HCT-8 cells through targeting foxm1 by regulating cell apoptosis. Acta Trop 2024; 249:107057. [PMID: 37913972 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Cryptosporidium parvum could regulate the expression of microRNAs of epithelial cells to facilitate its intracellular propagation. MiR-4521 has been reported to play an important role during the development and progression of tumors and infectious diseases by regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy. However, the implication of miR-4521 during C. parvum infection was still unknown. In this study, the expression of miR-4521 was found to be upregulated in HCT-8 cells infected with C. parvum from 8 h post-infection (pi) to 48 hpi, and its upregulation would be related with the TLR/NF-κB signal pathway during C. parvum infection. One potential target of miR-4521, foxm1, was down-regulated in HCT-8 cells from 24 hpi to 48 hpi, and the expression of foxm1 was negatively regulated by miR-4521. The target relationship between miR-4521 and foxm1 was further validated by using dual luciferase reporter assay. Further studies showed that miR-4521 promoted the propagation of C. parvum in HCT-8 cells through targeting foxm1 by regulating BCL2-mediating cell apoptosis. These results contribute to further understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of host miRNAs during Cryptosporidium infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ying-Ying Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shuang Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Gui-Rong Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jun-Ke Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xin Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Guang-Hui Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Engineering Research Center of Efficient New Vaccines for Animals, Ministry of Education, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China; Engineering Research Center of Efficient New Vaccines for Animals, Universities of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, China.
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Fu XZ, Wang Y. Interferon-γ regulates immunosuppression in septic mice by promoting the Warburg effect through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Mol Med 2023; 29:95. [PMID: 37434129 PMCID: PMC10337057 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00690-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main cause of high mortality from sepsis is that immunosuppression leads to life-threatening organ dysfunction, and reversing immunosuppression is key to sepsis treatment. Interferon γ (IFNγ) is a potential therapy for immunosuppression of sepsis, promoting glycolysis to restore metabolic defects in monocytes, but the mechanism of treatment is unclear. METHODS To explore the immunotherapeutic mechanism of IFNγ, this study linked the Warburg effect (aerobic glycolysis) to immunotherapy for sepsis and used cecal ligation perforation (CLP) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to stimulate dendritic cells (DC) to establish in vivo and in vitro sepsis models, Warburg effect inhibitors (2-DG) and PI3K pathway inhibitors (LY294002) were used to explore the mechanism by which IFNγ regulates immunosuppression in mice with sepsis through the Warburg effect. RESULTS IFNγ markedly inhibited the reduction in cytokine secretion from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated splenocytes. IFNγ-treated mice had significantly increased the percentages of positive costimulatory receptor CD86 on Dendritic cells expressing and expression of splenic HLA-DR. IFNγ markedly reduced DC-cell apoptosis by upregulating the expression of Bcl-2 and downregulating the expression of Bax. CLP-induced formation of regulatory T cells in the spleen was abolished in IFNγ -treated mice. IFNγ treatment reduced the expression of autophagosomes in DC cells. IFNγ significant reduce the expression of Warburg effector-related proteins PDH, LDH, Glut1, and Glut4, and promote glucose consumption, lactic acid, and intracellular ATP production. After the use of 2-DG to suppress the Warburg effect, the therapeutic effect of IFNγ was suppressed, demonstrating that IFNγ reverses immunosuppression by promoting the Warburg effect. Moreover, IFNγ increased the expression of phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), rapamycin target protein (mTOR), hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1α), pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK1) protein, the use of 2-DG and LY294002 can inhibit the expression of the above proteins, LY294002 also inhibits the therapeutic effect of IFNγ. CONCLUSIONS It was finally proved that IFNγ promoted the Warburg effect through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway to reverse the immunosuppression caused by sepsis. This study elucidates the potential mechanism of the immunotherapeutic effect of IFNγ in sepsis, providing a new target for the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Zhe Fu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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8
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Kwok HH, Yang J, Lam DCL. Breaking the Invisible Barriers: Unleashing the Full Potential of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Oncogene-Driven Lung Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2749. [PMID: 37345086 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid development of targeted therapy paved the way toward personalized medicine for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) harboring actionable genetic alternations including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (ALK) and c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) incurred lesser treatment toxicity but better therapeutic responses compared with systemic chemotherapy. Angiogenesis inhibitors targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have also shown an increase in overall survival (OS) for NSCLC patients. However, acquired resistance to these targeted therapies remains a major obstacle to long-term maintenance treatment for lung ADC patients. The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) against programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) or programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) has changed the treatment paradigm for NSCLC tumors without actionable genetic alternations. Clinical studies have suggested, however, that there are no survival benefits with the combination of targeted therapy and ICIs. In this review, we will summarize and discuss the current knowledge on the tumor immune microenvironment and the dynamics of immune phenotypes, which could be crucial in extending the applicability of ICIs for this subpopulation of lung ADC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoi-Hin Kwok
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiashuang Yang
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - David Chi-Leung Lam
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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9
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Liu W, Liu T, Zheng Y, Xia Z. Metabolic Reprogramming and Its Regulatory Mechanism in Sepsis-Mediated Inflammation. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:1195-1207. [PMID: 36968575 PMCID: PMC10038208 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s403778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory disease caused by an infection that can lead to multiple organ failure. Sepsis alters energy metabolism, leading to metabolic reprogramming of immune cells, which consequently disrupts innate and adaptive immune responses, triggering hyperinflammation and immunosuppression. This review summarizes metabolic reprogramming and its regulatory mechanism in sepsis-induced hyperinflammation and immunosuppression, highlights the significance and intricacies of immune cell metabolic reprogramming, and emphasizes the pivotal role of mitochondria in metabolic regulation and treatment of sepsis. This review provides an up-to-date overview of the relevant literature to inform future research directions in understanding the regulation of sepsis immunometabolism. Metabolic reprogramming has great promise as a new target for sepsis treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhang Liu
- Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianyi Liu
- Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Zheng
- Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yongjun Zheng; Zhaofan Xia, Email ;
| | - Zhaofan Xia
- Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
- Research Unit of Key Techniques for Treatment of burns and Combined Burns and Trauma Injury, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Zhao PY, Yao RQ, Zheng LY, Wu Y, Li YX, Dong N, Li JY, Du XH, Yao YM. Nuclear fragile X mental retardation-interacting protein 1-mediated ribophagy protects T lymphocytes against apoptosis in sepsis. BURNS & TRAUMA 2023; 11:tkac055. [PMID: 36873287 PMCID: PMC9976742 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkac055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Ribophagy is a selective autophagic process that specifically degrades dysfunctional or superfluous ribosomes to maintain cellular homeostasis. Whether ribophagy can ameliorate the immunosuppression in sepsis similar to endoplasmic reticulum autophagy (ERphagy) and mitophagy remains unclear. This study was conducted to investigate the activity and regulation of ribophagy in sepsis and to further explore the potential mechanism underlying the involvement of ribophagy in T-lymphocyte apoptosis. Methods The activity and regulation of nuclear fragile X mental retardation-interacting protein 1 (NUFIP1)-mediated ribophagy in T lymphocytes during sepsis were first investigated by western blotting, laser confocal microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Then, we constructed lentivirally transfected cells and gene-defective mouse models to observe the impact of NUFIP1 deletion on T-lymphocyte apoptosis and finally explored the signaling pathway associated with T-cell mediated immune response following septic challenge. Results Both cecal ligation and perforation-induced sepsis and lipopolysaccharide stimulation significantly induced the occurrence of ribophagy, which peaked at 24 h. When NUFIP1 was knocked down, T-lymphocyte apoptosis was noticeably increased. Conversely, the overexpression of NUFIP1 exerted a significant protective impact on T-lymphocyte apoptosis. Consistently, the apoptosis and immunosuppression of T lymphocytes and 1-week mortality rate in NUFIP1 gene-deficient mice were significantly increased compared with those in wild-type mice. In addition, the protective effect of NUFIP1-mediated ribophagy on T lymphocytes was identified to be closely related to the endoplasmic reticulum stress apoptosis pathway, and PERK-ATF4-CHOP signaling was obviously involved in downregulating T-lymphocyte apoptosis in the setting of sepsis. Conclusions NUFIP1-mediated ribophagy can be significantly activated to alleviate T lymphocyte apoptosis through the PERK-ATF4-CHOP pathway in the context of sepsis. Thus, targeting NUFIP1-mediated ribophagy might be of importance in reversing the immunosuppression associated with septic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Yue Zhao
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.,Department of General Surgery, First Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ren-Qi Yao
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.,Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Li-Yu Zheng
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yao Wu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Li
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.,Department of General Surgery, First Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ning Dong
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jing-Yan Li
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.,Department of Emergency, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Du
- Department of General Surgery, First Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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