Development and validation of UV-spectrophotometric methods for the determination of sumatriptan succinate in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form and its degradation behavior under varied stress conditions

Breaking barriers in pharmaceutical analysis: Streamlined UV spectrometric quantification and stability profiling of haloperidol and methylparaben in liquid formulations

This study aims to quantify haloperidol and methylparaben in a liquid pharmaceutical formulation (2 mg/ml) using UV spectrometry and the simultaneous equations method. Additionally, we explored the stability of haloperidol under various stress conditions. The UV analysis revealed maximum absorption peaks at 248 nm for haloperidol and 256 nm for methylparaben, using a 1 % (v/v) lactic acid solution as the solvent. Method validation, conducted according to ICH guidelines, affirmed the method's reliability, showing excellent results in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy, and sensitivity. The method allows direct application to finished products, enabling simultaneous quantification without extractions. Its simplicity, speed, and cost-effectiveness make it ideal for routine controls in pharmaceutical industry haloperidol solution analyses. The method extends to monitoring forced degradation, indicating photolytic and hydrolytic degradation under acidic and basic conditions, while affirming thermal and oxidative stability. This proposed UV spectrometric method serves as a compelling alternative to pharmacopeia-recommended techniques, simplifying simultaneous determination of the active ingredient and preservative. This streamlines analysis, reducing time and costs. Additionally, it proves valuable in small industries lacking sophisticated instrumentation, offering insights into active ingredient behavior during forced degradation.

Rapid and naked-eye colorimetric detection of ultra trace sumatriptan in drinking water, saliva, and human urine samples based on the aggregation of gold nanoparticles

In this study, the determination of sumatriptan (SUM) was performed using a simple, rapid, and precise colorimetric method based on the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) feature of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). By adding SUM, the aggregation was observed in AuNPs with red-to-blue color shifts. The size distribution of NPs was estimated before and after adding SUM via dynamic light scattering (DLS), which was found to be 15.34 and 97.45 nm, respectively. Characterization of AuNPs, SUM, and AuNPs in combination with SUM was investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Examining the effect of pH, the volume of buffer, the concentration of AuNPs, interaction time, and ionic strength revealed that their optimal values were 6, 100 μL, 5 μM, 14 min, and 12 μg L-1, respectively. The suggested method was able to determine the amount of SUM in a linear range of 10 to 250 μg L-1 with a limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.392 and 1.03 μg L-1, respectively. This approach was successfully applied to determine SUM in drinking water, saliva, and human urine samples with relative standard deviations (RSD) lower than 0.03%, 0.3%, and 1.0%, respectively.

Synergistic action of sumatriptan delivery and targeting magnesium deficiency using green, pH-responsive MgO nanoparticles synthesized from mahua flower extracts

Magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles were green synthesized using mahua (Madhuca longifolia) flower extracts by solvent evaporation and characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The drug loading of sumatriptan succinate (SS), an anti-migraine drug, was optimized using MINITAB's response surface methodology (RSM) Box Behnken model (BBD) model. The investigation of drug adsorption and release kinetics was further conducted using the optimized set obtained through RSM. The optimized parameters consisted of 23.53 mg of nanoparticles, a loading time of 6 h, and a pH of 9, yielding the experimental drug loading efficiency ~47%. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the potential of utilizing these green synthesized MgO nanoparticles for a dual purpose. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the viability of utilizing MgO nanoparticles synthesized through green route for the delivery of an anti-migraine medication. Additionally, the study aims to examine the degradation of these nanoparticles at physiological pH levels, with the intention of potentially enhancing cellular absorption. The investigation involved the assessment of drug release kinetics using various mathematical models, with a focus on the release of SS from MgO nanoparticles. This evaluation was conducted at different pH levels, specifically pH 5, 7, and 9. It has been found that the SS release increases as pH decreases, which is attributed to the dissolution of MgO nanoparticles, which therefore exhibits varied behavior at different pHs. The confirmation of the degradation of the green synthesized MgO nanoparticles was achieved through the execution of a degradation study, followed by the analysis of the obtained samples using FESEM and EDS. At neutral, the release data obtained adhered to the Higuchi model, which suggests that the release of the drug is based on diffusion. This finding is particularly advantageous for the controlled release of an anti-migraine drug. The results obtained from the study indicate that MgO nanoparticles have the potential to serve as a significant component in drug delivery systems, specifically as drug carriers. Attachment of SS over MgO nanoparticles to form SS loaded MgO nanoparticles and its possible working mechanism.

Development and Validation of Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for Simple Analysis of Sumatriptan and its Application in Bioequivalence Study

This work demonstrated a sensitive, selective, and simple liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for quantitation of sumatriptan in human plasma samples. Terazosin was used as an internal standard to minimize the variability during sample processing and detection. Sample cleanup prior to chromatographic analysis was accomplished by liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) with tert-butyl methyl ether (t-BME). The separation was performed on a reversed-phase Symmetry^® C18 column (150 × 4.6 mm i.d., 5 µm) under a gradient mode, using a 0.2% formic acid aqueous solution and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. Sumatriptan (m/z 296.26→251.05) and terazosin (m/z 388.10→290.25) were quantified using a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, operating in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) under the positive ion mode. The method was fully validated following US-FDA and EMA guidelines. The LC-MS/MS assay had a calibration range of 0.5–50.0 ng/mL. The assay was precise and accurate with a between-run precision of <9.51%, and between-run accuracy between −7.27 to 8.30%. The developed method was subsequently applied in the determination of plasma concentration-time profile of a sumatriptan 50-mg tablet following oral administration in healthy volunteers.