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Choi B, Adhikari S, Ji MG, Paik MJ, Lee G, Lee W. Chiral LC-MS/MS method for the discrimination of triiodothyronine enantiomers on a crown ether-based chiral stationary phase. Chirality 2023; 35:966-972. [PMID: 37464950 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Considering the greater pharmaceutical and clinical interest of triiodothyronine (T3 ) thyroid hormone, an effective D/L-T3 enantiomer separation was performed on a crown ether-based chiral stationary phase by LC-MS/MS. In optimal analytical condition and selected reaction monitoring mode, the two enantiomers of T3 were baseline separated within 10 min. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation were found to be 0.05 and 0.10 ng/μl; 0.20 and 0.50 ng/μl for D- and L-T3 , respectively. During validation, this method proved to be feasible, accurate as well as enantioselective and sensitive for the resolution of T3 enantiomers. For commercial D- and L-T3 chemicals, the enantiomeric impurities as the other enantiomer were 0.11% and 4.61%. On the other hand, the impurity as D-T3 for commercial pharmaceutical products (liothyronine sodium tablets, two suppliers) was 0.68% and 6.57%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeongchan Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, South Korea
| | - Suraj Adhikari
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Moong-Gi Ji
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, South Korea
| | - Man-Jeong Paik
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, South Korea
| | - Gwang Lee
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Wonjae Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
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Zhang C, Rodriguez E, Bi C, Zheng X, Suresh D, Suh K, Li Z, Elsebaei F, Hage DS. High performance affinity chromatography and related separation methods for the analysis of biological and pharmaceutical agents. Analyst 2018; 143:374-391. [PMID: 29200216 PMCID: PMC5768458 DOI: 10.1039/c7an01469d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The last few decades have witnessed the development of many high-performance separation methods that use biologically related binding agents. The combination of HPLC with these binding agents results in a technique known as high performance affinity chromatography (HPAC). This review will discuss the general principles of HPAC and related techniques, with an emphasis on their use for the analysis of biological compounds and pharmaceutical agents. Various types of binding agents for these methods will be considered, including antibodies, immunoglobulin-binding proteins, aptamers, enzymes, lectins, transport proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. Formats that will be discussed for these methods range from the direct detection of an analyte to indirect detection based on chromatographic immunoassays, as well as schemes based on analyte extraction or depletion, post-column detection, and multi-column systems. The use of biological agents in HPLC for chiral separations will also be considered, along with the use of HPAC as a tool to screen or study biological interactions. Various examples will be presented to illustrate these approaches and their applications in fields such as biochemistry, clinical chemistry, and pharmaceutical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhua Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA.
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Abstract
The development of separation methods for the analysis and resolution of chiral drugs and solutes has been an area of ongoing interest in pharmaceutical research. The use of proteins as chiral binding agents in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been an approach that has received particular attention in such work. This report provides an overview of proteins that have been used as binding agents to create chiral stationary phases (CSPs) and in the use of chromatographic methods to study these materials and protein-based chiral separations. The supports and methods that have been employed to prepare protein-based CSPs will also be discussed and compared. Specific types of CSPs that are considered include those that employ serum transport proteins (e.g., human serum albumin, bovine serum albumin, and alpha1-acid glycoprotein), enzymes (e.g., penicillin G acylase, cellobiohydrolases, and α-chymotrypsin) or other types of proteins (e.g., ovomucoid, antibodies, and avidin or streptavidin). The properties and applications for each type of protein and CSP will also be discussed in terms of their use in chromatography and chiral separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Bi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
| | - Xiwei Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
| | - Shiden Azaria
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
| | - Sandya Beeram
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
| | - Zhao Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
| | - David S. Hage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
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Qu H, Wang Y, Shan W, Zhang Y, Feng H, Sai J, Wang Q, Zhao Y. Development of ELISA for detection of Rh1 and Rg2 and potential method of immunoaffinity chromatography for separation of epimers. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 985:197-205. [PMID: 25706410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this work, hybridomas producing anti-ginsenoside-Rh1 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were generated. These MAbs were subsequently used to create indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (icELISAs). A linear correlation was obtained for G-Rh1 concentrations in the range from 26 to 512ng/mL. The regression equation was y=1.979-0.201Log2(X) with a regression coefficient of 0.9898. Precision and accuracy of the icELISA method were evaluated by the variations between replicates from well to well (intra-assay) and plate to plate (inter-assay). The recovery rates ranged from 93.16% to 108.43%. Testing with the icELISA demonstrated that the MAbs were specific for 20(S)-Rh1 and 20(S)-Rg2 with no cross-reactivity against 20(R)-Rh1 and 20(R)-Rg2. The immunoaffinity chromatography column (IAC) was constructed by covalently coupling monoclonal antibody (MAb) against G-Rh1 to CNBr-activated Sepharose 4B. When 20(R)-type-Rg2 passed through the IAC column, it was adsorbed, but the amount adsorbed was lower than that when 20(S)-type-Rg2 ran through the column. The differences in adsorption between the 20(S) and 20(R) type ginsenosides bring a new approach or method to separate 20(S)-Rg2 and 20(R)-Rg2 by IAC. Our results indicate that the icELISA is a sensitive and efficient approach for the identification of epimers, and the application of IAC using MAbs against small molecules provides a totally new thought and potential method for resolving epimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihua Qu
- Center of Scientific Experiment, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Beisanhuandong Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Beisanhuandong Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wenchao Shan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Beisanhuandong Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Beisanhuandong Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Huibin Feng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Beisanhuandong Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jiayang Sai
- The third affiliated hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Beisanhuandong Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qingguo Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Beisanhuandong Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Beisanhuandong Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
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Wu Y, Zhai Y, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Jing H, Chen A. Chiral separation and determination of amino acids in real samples by LE-MEKC using Cu(II)-l-proline as chiral selector. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 965:254-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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HAGINAKA J. Recent progresses in protein-based chiral stationary phases for enantioseparations in liquid chromatography☆. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2008; 875:12-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2008] [Revised: 05/02/2008] [Accepted: 05/11/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Koidl J, Hödl H, Schmid MG, Neubauer B, Konrad M, Petschauer S, Gübitz G. Enantiorecognition of triiodothyronine and thyroxine enantiomers using different chiral selectors by HPLC and micro-HPLC. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 70:1254-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbbm.2007.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2007] [Revised: 09/17/2007] [Accepted: 09/30/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Franco EJ, Hofstetter H, Hofstetter O. Enantiomer separation of alpha-hydroxy acids in high-performance immunoaffinity chromatography. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2007; 46:907-13. [PMID: 18022339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2007.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2007] [Accepted: 10/05/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a monoclonal anti-d-hydroxy acid antibody was immobilized onto a synthetic high-flow-through chromatographic support material to produce a chiral stationary phase suitable for enantiomer separation of free alpha-hydroxy acids. Chiral separation of several aliphatic and aromatic members of this class of compounds was achieved in HPLC under mild isocratic buffer conditions using phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4, as mobile phase. Due to the high degree of stereoselectivity exhibited by the immobilized antibody, in all cases the l-enantiomer eluted with the void volume, while the d-enantiomer was retained and eluted second. The effect of the mobile phase parameters flow rate, temperature, pH, and ionic strength on the enantiomer separation of the model analyte mandelic acid was investigated. While it was found that variations in the flow rate did not change the retention factor k2, dramatic effects on the interaction between the immobilized antibody and d-mandelic acid were observed when any of the other mobile phase parameters were modulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliott J Franco
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115-2862, USA
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