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Trojniak J, Sendera A, Banaś-Ząbczyk A, Kopańska M. The MicroRNAs in the Pathophysiology of Osteoporosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6240. [PMID: 38892426 PMCID: PMC11172499 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Globally, osteoporosis is the most common systemic skeletal disease. There are many factors that influence osteoporosis' development and progression. During the pathogenesis of this disease, bone turnover is imbalanced between resorption and the formation of bone tissue. A growing interest has been devoted to the role that microRNA (miRNA) plays in osteoporosis regulation. A microRNA (miRNA) is a group of small single-stranded RNA molecules involved in regulating gene expression in eukaryotic organisms. As microRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression and can modulate processes related to bone metabolism, they have become increasingly important for studying osteoporosis pathogenesis. The available research suggests that miRNAs play an important role in regulating processes associated with bone metabolism, especially by influencing bone resorption and synthesis. Furthermore, microRNAs can also serve as potential therapeutic targets for osteoporosis, besides being a rapid and specific biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Trojniak
- Student Research Club “Reh-Tech”, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Anna Sendera
- Department of Biology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland; (A.S.); (A.B.-Z.)
| | - Agnieszka Banaś-Ząbczyk
- Department of Biology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland; (A.S.); (A.B.-Z.)
| | - Marta Kopańska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
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Upadhyay V, Singh AK, Sharma S, Sethi A, Srivastava S, Chowdhury S, Siddiqui S, Chattopadhyay N, Trivedi AK. RING finger E3 ligase, RNF138 inhibits osteoblast differentiation by negatively regulating Runx2 protein turnover. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31217. [PMID: 38327035 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
A few ubiquitin ligases have been shown to target Runx2, the key osteogenic transcription factor and thereby regulate bone formation. The regulation of Runx2 expression and function are controlled both at the transcriptional and posttranslational levels. Really interesting new gene (RING) finger ubiquitin ligases of which RNF138 is a member are important players in the ubiquitin-proteasome system, contributing to the regulation of protein turnover and cellular processes. Here, we demonstrated that RNF138 negatively correlated with Runx2 protein levels in osteopenic ovariectomized rats which implied its role in bone loss. Accordingly, RNF138 overexpression potently inhibited osteoblast differentiation of mesenchyme-like C3H10T1/2 as well primary rat calvarial osteoblast (RCO) cells in vitro, whereas overexpression of catalytically inactive mutant RNF138Δ18-58 (lacks RING finger domain) had mild to no effect. Contrarily, RNF138 depletion copiously enhanced endogenous Runx2 levels and augmented osteogenic differentiation of C3H10T1/2 as well as RCOs. Mechanistically, RNF138 physically associates within multiple regions of Runx2 and ubiquitinates it leading to its reduced protein stability in a proteasome-dependent manner. Moreover, catalytically active RNF138 destabilized Runx2 which resulted in inhibition of its transactivation potential and physiological function of promoting osteoblast differentiation leading to bone loss. These findings underscore the functional involvement of RNF138 in bone formation which is primarily achieved through its modulation of Runx2 by stimulating ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation. Thus, our findings indicate that RNF138 could be a promising novel target for therapeutic intervention in postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Upadhyay
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Utter Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Anil Kumar Singh
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Utter Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Shivani Sharma
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Utter Pradesh, India
| | - Arppita Sethi
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Utter Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Swati Srivastava
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Utter Pradesh, India
| | - Sangita Chowdhury
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Utter Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Shumaila Siddiqui
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Utter Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Utter Pradesh, India
| | - Arun Kumar Trivedi
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Utter Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Chen W, Wang Q, Tao H, Lu L, Zhou J, Wang Q, Huang W, Yang X. Subchondral osteoclasts and osteoarthritis: new insights and potential therapeutic avenues. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024; 56:499-512. [PMID: 38439665 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2024017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease, and good therapeutic results are often difficult to obtain due to its complex pathogenesis and diverse causative factors. After decades of research and exploration of OA, it has been progressively found that subchondral bone is essential for its pathogenesis, and pathological changes in subchondral bone can be observed even before cartilage lesions develop. Osteoclasts, the main cells regulating bone resorption, play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of subchondral bone. Subchondral osteoclasts regulate the homeostasis of subchondral bone through the secretion of degradative enzymes, immunomodulation, and cell signaling pathways. In OA, osteoclasts are overactivated by autophagy, ncRNAs, and Rankl/Rank/OPG signaling pathways. Excessive bone resorption disrupts the balance of bone remodeling, leading to increased subchondral bone loss, decreased bone mineral density and consequent structural damage to articular cartilage and joint pain. With increased understanding of bone biology and targeted therapies, researchers have found that the activity and function of subchondral osteoclasts are affected by multiple pathways. In this review, we summarize the roles and mechanisms of subchondral osteoclasts in OA, enumerate the latest advances in subchondral osteoclast-targeted therapy for OA, and look forward to the future trends of subchondral osteoclast-targeted therapies in clinical applications to fill the gaps in the current knowledge of OA treatment and to develop new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Chen
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Center, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou 215000, China
- Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Qiufei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Huaqiang Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Lingfeng Lu
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Center, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou 215000, China
- Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Center, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou 215000, China
- Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xing Yang
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Center, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou 215000, China
- Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, China
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Si ZX, Zhou SF, Shen ZL, Yan JL. Increased circulating microRNA-21 level as a potential indicator for predicting a higher risk of incident fragility fractures. J Osteopath Med 2024; 124:121-125. [PMID: 37883102 DOI: 10.1515/jom-2023-0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT As a common disease in the elderly, osteoporosis clearly increases the risk of fractures, leading to higher mortality, but the current markers to estimate the risk of fractures are limited. MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) may play an important role in osteoporosis, but the link of this biomarker with fractures was undetermined. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the association between miR-21 levels and the presence of fragility fractures. METHODS A total of 200 patients were recruited and miR-21 was collected from baseline serum. The correlation between miR-21 and the fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX) score was analyzed. The incidence of fragility fractures was presented by Kaplan-Meier analysis, and Cox regression analysis was utilized to evaluate risk factors. The diagnostic value of miR-21 was conducted by the area under curve (AUC). RESULTS The FRAX score was significantly associated with miR-21 level (p<0.001). According to the 50th percentile of miR-21 content in the overall distribution, the cumulative incidence of fragility fractures was significantly higher in patients with higher miR-21 levels than those with lower levels (75.4, 95 % CI: 69.0-81.8 vs. 59.2, 95 % CI: 42.1-76.3, p<0.001). The results of the Cox regression analysis showed that the miR-21 level was an independent risk factor linked to the incidence of fracture (p=0.005). The optimal cut-off value of the miR-21 was 6.08, and the AUC for predicting fracture was 0.718 (95 % CI, 0.645-0.790). CONCLUSIONS This study showed that miR-21 has optimal diagnostic performance in the discrimination of fragility fracture, and the circulating miR-21 level in predicting the risk of fragility fracture may have a certain value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Xing Si
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shi-Feng Zhou
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zi-Long Shen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing-Long Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Jiang T, Xia T, Qiao F, Wang N, Jiang Y, Xin H. Role and Regulation of Transcription Factors in Osteoclastogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16175. [PMID: 38003376 PMCID: PMC10671247 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bones serve mechanical and defensive functions, as well as regulating the balance of calcium ions and housing bone marrow.. The qualities of bones do not remain constant. Instead, they fluctuate throughout life, with functions increasing in some situations while deteriorating in others. The synchronization of osteoblast-mediated bone formation and osteoclast-mediated bone resorption is critical for maintaining bone mass and microstructure integrity in a steady state. This equilibrium, however, can be disrupted by a variety of bone pathologies. Excessive osteoclast differentiation can result in osteoporosis, Paget's disease, osteolytic bone metastases, and rheumatoid arthritis, all of which can adversely affect people's health. Osteoclast differentiation is regulated by transcription factors NFATc1, MITF, C/EBPα, PU.1, NF-κB, and c-Fos. The transcriptional activity of osteoclasts is largely influenced by developmental and environmental signals with the involvement of co-factors, RNAs, epigenetics, systemic factors, and the microenvironment. In this paper, we review these themes in regard to transcriptional regulation in osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; (T.J.); (T.X.); (F.Q.)
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Tianshuang Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; (T.J.); (T.X.); (F.Q.)
| | - Fangliang Qiao
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; (T.J.); (T.X.); (F.Q.)
| | - Nani Wang
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, China;
| | - Yiping Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; (T.J.); (T.X.); (F.Q.)
| | - Hailiang Xin
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; (T.J.); (T.X.); (F.Q.)
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
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Ouyang X, Li S, Ding Y, Xin F, Liu M. Mechanism of miRNA-31 Regulating Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway by Targeting Satb2 in the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. JOURNAL OF MUSCULOSKELETAL & NEURONAL INTERACTIONS 2023; 23:346-354. [PMID: 37654220 PMCID: PMC10483816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the expression of miR-31 and Satb2 gene in the serum of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis (OP). METHODS 97 postmenopausal women with OP and 100 healthy women were selected as research subjects. MSCs were purchased from Shanghai Zhong Qiao Xin Zhou Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were isolated, identified and transfected, and then quantified by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels. The expression levels of miR-31 and Satb2 gene mRNA were determined by qRT-PCR. The proteins of RUNX2, OCN and BMP and Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related proteins (GSK-3, Frizzled 1, Lrp5, Lrp6 and β-catenin) were tested by Western blotting. RESULTS In the OP group, the relative expression of miR-31 was 3.61±0.54, significantly higher than that (1.75±0.27) in the healthy control group (t=9.422, P<0.001). The relative expression of mRNA of Satb2 gene was 0.86±0.12, significantly lower than that (1.35±0.21) in the healthy control group (t=5.897, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The increase in miR-31 expression can down-regulate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by targeting the expression of Satb2 gene, thereby inhibiting the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. This provides an important reference for further understanding the mechanism of OP and identifying targets for early diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ouyang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xuzhou Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Xuzhou Third People’s Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Shimin Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xuzhou Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Xuzhou Third People’s Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Yunzhi Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xuzhou Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Xuzhou Third People’s Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Feng Xin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xuzhou Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Xuzhou Third People’s Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xuzhou Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Xuzhou Third People’s Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, China
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Kalhori MR, Soleimani M, Alibakhshi R, Kalhori AA, Mohamadi P, Azreh R, Farzaei MH. The Potential of miR-21 in Stem Cell Differentiation and its Application in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:1232-1251. [PMID: 36899116 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10510-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are two important types of non-coding RNAs that are not translated into protein. These molecules can regulate various biological processes, including stem cell differentiation and self-renewal. One of the first known miRNAs in mammals is miR-21. Cancer-related studies have shown that this miRNA has proto-oncogene activity and is elevated in cancers. However, it is confirmed that miR-21 inhibits stem cell pluripotency and self-renewal and induces differentiation by targeting various genes. Regenerative medicine is a field of medical science that tries to regenerate and repair damaged tissues. Various studies have shown that miR-21 plays an essential role in regenerative medicine by affecting stem cell proliferation and differentiation. In this review, we will discuss the function of miR-21 in regenerative medicine of the liver, nerve, spinal cord, wound, bone, and dental tissues. In addition, the function of natural compounds and lncRNAs will be analyzed as potential regulators of miR-21 expression in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Kalhori
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Alibakhshi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amir Ali Kalhori
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Parisa Mohamadi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical, Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Rasoul Azreh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosien Farzaei
- Medical Technology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Liu S, Liu W, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Fan L, Zhang Y, Qi B, Shi Z, Wei X, Zhu L, Li T. Non-Coding-RNA-Activated Core/Chitosan Shell Nanounits Coated with Polyetheretherketone for Promoting Bone Regeneration and Osseointegration via Osteoimmunology. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:12653-12668. [PMID: 36868875 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c19186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bone implant outcome and bone regeneration properties can be improved by the immunomodulation of exosomes (Exos) derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), which contain cytokines, signaling lipids, and regulatory miRNAs. Analysis of miRNAs in BMSCs-derived exosomes showed that miR-21a-5p exhibited the highest expression and was associated with the NF-κB pathway. Hence, we developed an implant with miR-21a-5p functionality to promote bone incorporation by immunoregulation. Mediated by the potent interaction between tannic acid (TA) and biomacromolecules, the tannic acid modified mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles coated with miR-21a-5p (miR-21a-5p@T-MBGNs) were reversibly attached to TA-modified polyetheretherketone (T-PEEK). Cocultured cells could phagocytose miR-21a-5p@T-MBGNs slowly released from miR-21a-5p@T-MBGNs loaded T-PEEK (miMT-PEEK). Moreover, miMT-PEEK boosted macrophage M2 polarization via the NF-κB pathway to increase BMSCs osteogenic differentiation. In vivo testing of miMT-PEEK in the rat air-pouch model and rat femoral drilling model indicated effective macrophage M2 polarization, new bone formation, and excellent osseointegration. Overall, the osteoimmunomodulation of the miR-21a-5p@T-MBGNs-functionalized implant promoted osteogenesis and osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shencai Liu
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Weilu Liu
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Qinfeng Yang
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Yusheng Yang
- Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510515, China
| | - Lei Fan
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Yili Zhang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Baoyu Qi
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Zhanjun Shi
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Xu Wei
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Liguo Zhu
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Tao Li
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
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Zhou Q, Zhou L, Li J. MiR-218-5p-dependent SOCS3 downregulation increases osteoblast differentiation inpostmenopausal osteoporosis. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:109. [PMID: 36793115 PMCID: PMC9930297 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03580-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postmenopausal osteoporosis (POP) is a prevalent skeletal disease among elderly women. Previous study indicated that suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) participates in the regulation of bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) osteogenesis. Here, we further investigated the exact function and mechanism of SOCS3 in POP progression. METHODS BMSCs were isolated from Sprague-Dawley rats and treated with Dexamethasone (Dex). Alizarin Red staining and ALP activity assays were applied to assess the osteogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs under the indicated conditions. Osteogenic genes (ALP, OPN, OCN, COL1) mRNA levels were determined using quantitative RT-PCR. Luciferase reporter assay verified the interaction between SOCS3 and miR-218-5p. Rat models of POP were established in ovariectomized (OVX) rats to detect the in vivo effects of SOCS3 and miR-218-5p. RESULTS We found that silencing SOCS3 antagonized the suppressive effects of Dex on the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. SOCS3 was found to be targeted by miR-218-5p in BMSCs. The SOCS3 levels were negatively modulated by miR-218-5p in femurs of POP rats. MiR-218-5p upregulation promoted the BMSC osteogenic differentiation, while SOCS3 overexpression reversed the effects of miR-218-5p. Moreover, SOCS3 was highly expressed and miR-218-5p was downregulated in the OVX rat models, and silencing SOCS3 or overexpressing miR-218-5p alleviated POP in OVX rats by promoting osteogenesis. CONCLUSION SOCS3 downregulation mediated by miR-218-5p increases osteoblast differentiation to alleviate POP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhou
- grid.440212.1Department of Geriatrics, Huangshi Central Hospital, Hungshi, 435000 Hubei China
| | - Lihua Zhou
- grid.440212.1Department of Geriatrics, Huangshi Central Hospital, Hungshi, 435000 Hubei China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Huangshi Central Hospital, No. 141 Tianjin Avenue, Huangshigang District, Hungshi, 435000, Hubei, China.
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miR-134-5p inhibits osteoclastogenesis through a novel miR-134-5p/Itgb1/MAPK pathway. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102116. [PMID: 35691339 PMCID: PMC9257423 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis affects approximately 200 million people and severely affects quality of life, but the exact pathological mechanisms behind this disease remain unclear. Various miRNAs have been shown to play a predominant role in the regulation of osteoclast formation. In this study, we explored the role of miR-134-5p in osteoclastogenesis both in vivo and in vitro. We constructed an ovariectomized (OVX) mouse model and performed microarray analysis using bone tissue from OVX mice and their control counterparts. Quantitative RT-PCR data from bone tissue and bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) confirmed the decreased expression of miR-134-5p in OVX mice observed in microarray analysis. In addition, a decrease in miR-134-5p was also observed during induced osteoclastogenesis of BMMs collected from C57BL/6N mice. Through transfection with miR-134-5p agomirs and antagomirs, we found that miR-134-5p knockdown significantly accelerated osteoclast formation and cell proliferation and inhibited apoptosis. Furthermore, a luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-134-5p directly targets the integrin surface receptor gene Itgb1. Cotransfection with Itgb1 siRNA reversed the effect of the miR-134-5p antagomir in promoting osteoclastogenesis. Moreover, the abundance levels of MAPK pathway proteins phosphorylated-p38 (p-p38) and phosphorylated-ERK (p-ERK) were significantly increased after transfection with the miR-134-5p antagomir but decreased after transfection with the miR-134-5p agomir or Itgb1 siRNA, which indicated a potential relationship between the miR-134-5p/Itgb1 axis and the MAPK pathway. Collectively, these results revealed that miR-134-5p inhibits osteoclast differentiation of BMMs both in vivo and in vitro and that the miR-134-5p/Itgb1/MAPK pathway might be a potential target for osteoporosis therapy.
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11
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Wu PY, Chen W, Huang H, Tang W, Liang J. Morinda officinalis polysaccharide regulates rat bone mesenchymal stem cell osteogenic-adipogenic differentiation in osteoporosis by upregulating miR-21 and activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2022; 38:675-685. [PMID: 35593324 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a prevailing bone metabolic disease. Morinda officinalis polysaccharide (MOP) has biological activities and medicinal potential. This study explored its mechanism in OP. Rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) were pretreated with low/high concentrations of MOP and subjected to osteogenic differentiation (OD) or adipogenic differentiation (AD) induction. The protein markers of OD (RUNX2 and BMP2) and AD (CEBPα and PPARγ) and miR-21 expression were detected. miR-21 was overexpressed to study its effects on rBMSC OD and AD. rBMSCs were transfected with miR-21 inhibitor and treated with high concentration of MOP for verification. The targeted relationship between miR-21 and PTEN was verified by bioinformatics and dual-luciferase assay. The PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway-related proteins were detected. Ovariectomy (OVX)-induced OP rats were treated with MOP. Rat bone mineral density (BMD), serum bone metabolism indexes bone-derived alkaline phosphatase (BALP), and osteocalcin (BGP) levels were assessed by BMD detectors and ELISA kits. miR-21 expression in rBMSCs was detected. After treatment with low/high concentrations of MOP, the OD of rBMSCs was increased and AD was inhibited and miR-21 was upregulated. miR-21 overexpression enhanced the OD of rBMSCs and inhibited AD. miR-21 knockdown reversed the effect of high concentration of MOP on rBMSCs. miR-21 targeted PTEN. After treatment with low/high concentrations of MOP, PI3K, and AKT phosphorylation were increased and the PI3K/AKT pathway was activated. BMD, BALP, BGP, and miR-21 levels in OVX rats were decreased. MOP partially alleviated OP in OVX rats. Briefly, MOP enhanced rBMSC OD and inhibited AD via the miR-21/PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yu Wu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Huadu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Huadu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Huadu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wang Tang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Huadu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Liang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Huadu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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12
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You M, Ai Z, Zeng J, Fu Y, Zhang L, Wu X. Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-derived exosomal microRNA-21-5p regulates Kruppel-like factor 3 (KLF3) to promote osteoblast proliferation in vitro. Bioengineered 2022; 13:11933-11944. [PMID: 35549815 PMCID: PMC9310648 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2067286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-derived exosomes (Exos) play important roles in osteoporosis, while the regulation of microRNA (miR)-21-5p remains unclear. The BMSCs-derived exosomes were isolated from femoral bone marrow of trauma patients, which were then used to stimulate human osteoblasts (hFOB1.19 cells). The miR-21-5p mimic or inhibitor was transfected into BMSCs to overexpress or knockdown miR-21-5p. The functions of miR-21-5p in osteoporosis were assessed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and alizarin red staining assays. We found that BMSCs-derived exosomes could enhance proliferation, osteoblastic differentiation and ALP activity of hFOB1.19 cells. BMSCs-derived exosomes with upregulated miR-21-5p could further enhance these protective impacts compared with that in BMSCs-derived exosomes, while BMSCs-derived exosomes with downregulated miR-21-5p reduced these cell phenotypes. MiR-21-5p could directly bind to the 3’-untranslated region (UTR) of Kruppel-like factor 3 (KLF3), and knockdown of KLF3 obviously attenuated these inhibitory effects of BMSCs-derived exosomes with downregulated miR-21-5p on osteoblastic differentiation and ALP activity of hFOB1.19 cells. In summary, BMSCs-derived exosomal miR-21-5p improved osteoporosis through regulating KLF3, providing a potential therapeutic strategy for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murong You
- Department of Orthopedics, JiangXi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zisheng Ai
- Department of Medical Statistics, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jihuan Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, JiangXi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, JiangXi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, JiangXi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, JiangXi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
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13
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Ji L, Li X, He S, Chen S. Regulation of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption by microRNA. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:287. [PMID: 35536437 PMCID: PMC11071904 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04298-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Osteoclast-mediated bone resorption is responsible for bone metabolic diseases, negatively impacting people's health and life. It has been demonstrated that microRNA influences the differentiation of osteoclasts by regulating the signaling pathways during osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. So far, the involved mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. This review introduced the pathways involved in osteoclastogenesis and summarized the related microRNAs binding to their specific targets to mediate the downstream pathways in osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. We also discuss the clinical potential of targeting microRNAs to treat osteoclast-mediated bone resorption as well as the challenges of avoiding potential side effects and producing efficient delivery methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shushu He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Song Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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14
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Liu K, Luo X, Lv ZY, Zhang YJ, Meng Z, Li J, Meng CX, Qiang HF, Hou CY, Hou L, Liu FZ, Zhang B. Macrophage-Derived Exosomes Promote Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells Towards Osteoblastic Fate Through microRNA-21a-5p. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:801432. [PMID: 35071209 PMCID: PMC8766741 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.801432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The effective healing of a bone defect is dependent on the careful coordination of inflammatory and bone-forming cells. In the current work, pro-inflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages were co-cultured with primary murine bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), in vitro, to establish the cross-talk among polarized macrophages and BMSCs, and as well as their effects on osteogenesis. Meanwhile, macrophages influence the osteogenesis of BMSCs through paracrine forms such as exosomes. We focused on whether exosomes of macrophages promote osteogenic differentiation. The results indicated that M1 and M2 polarized macrophage exosomes all can promote osteogenesis of BMSCs. Especially, M1 macrophage-derived exosomes promote osteogenesis of BMSCs through microRNA-21a-5p at the early stage of inflammation. This research helps to develop an understanding of the intricate interactions among BMSCs and macrophages, which can help to improve the process of bone healing as well as additional regenerative processes by local sustained release of exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China.,Liaocheng People's Hospital, Medical College of Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Xin Luo
- Liaocheng People's Hospital, Medical College of Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Zhao-Yong Lv
- Liaocheng People's Hospital, Medical College of Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yu-Jue Zhang
- Liaocheng People's Hospital, Medical College of Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Zhen Meng
- Liaocheng People's Hospital, Medical College of Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Jun Li
- Liaocheng People's Hospital, Medical College of Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Chun-Xiu Meng
- Liaocheng People's Hospital, Medical College of Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Hui-Fen Qiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Cai-Yao Hou
- Liaocheng People's Hospital, Medical College of Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Lei Hou
- Liaocheng People's Hospital, Medical College of Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Feng-Zhen Liu
- Liaocheng People's Hospital, Medical College of Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration and Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China.,Liaocheng People's Hospital, Medical College of Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
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15
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Lee KS, Lee J, Kim HK, Yeom SH, Woo CH, Jung YJ, Yun YE, Park SY, Han J, Kim E, Sul JH, Jung JM, Park JH, Choi JS, Cho YW, Jo D. Extracellular vesicles from adipose tissue-derived stem cells alleviate osteoporosis through osteoprotegerin and miR-21-5p. J Extracell Vesicles 2021; 10:e12152. [PMID: 34596354 PMCID: PMC8485335 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is one of the most common skeletal disorders caused by the imbalance between bone formation and resorption, resulting in quantitative loss of bone tissue. Since stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are growing attention as novel cell-free therapeutics that have advantages over parental stem cells, the therapeutic effects of EVs from adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASC-EVs) on osteoporosis pathogenesis were investigated. ASC-EVs were isolated by a multi-filtration system based on the tangential flow filtration (TFF) system and characterized using transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, flow cytometry, cytokine arrays, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. EVs are rich in growth factors and cytokines related to bone metabolism and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) migration. In particular, osteoprotegerin (OPG), a natural inhibitor of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), was highly enriched in ASC-EVs. We found that the intravenous administration of ASC-EVs attenuated bone loss in osteoporosis mice. Also, ASC-EVs significantly inhibited osteoclast differentiation of macrophages and promoted the migration of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs). However, OPG-depleted ASC-EVs did not show anti-osteoclastogenesis effects, demonstrating that OPG is critical for the therapeutic effects of ASC-EVs. Additionally, small RNA sequencing data were analysed to identify miRNA candidates related to anti-osteoporosis effects. miR-21-5p in ASC-EVs inhibited osteoclast differentiation through Acvr2a down-regulation. Also, let-7b-5p in ASC-EVs significantly reduced the expression of genes related to osteoclastogenesis. Finally, ASC-EVs reached the bone tissue after they were injected intravenously, and they remained longer. OPG, miR-21-5p, and let-7b-5p in ASC-EVs inhibit osteoclast differentiation and reduce gene expression related to bone resorption, suggesting that ASC-EVs are highly promising as cell-free therapeutic agents for osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Soo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHanyang University ERICAAnsanKorea
- Exostemtech, Inc.AnsanKorea
| | - Jeongmi Lee
- School of PharmacySungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonKorea
| | | | | | | | | | - Ye Eun Yun
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHanyang University ERICAAnsanKorea
| | | | - Jihoon Han
- School of PharmacySungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonKorea
| | - Eunae Kim
- School of PharmacySungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonKorea
| | - Jae Hoon Sul
- School of PharmacySungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonKorea
| | - Jae Min Jung
- School of Chemical EngineeringCollege of EngineeringSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonKorea
| | - Jae Hyung Park
- Exostemtech, Inc.AnsanKorea
- School of Chemical EngineeringCollege of EngineeringSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonKorea
- Biomedical Institute for ConvergenceSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonKorea
- Department of Health Science and TechnologySAIHSTSungkyunkwan UniversitySeoulKorea
| | | | - Yong Woo Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHanyang University ERICAAnsanKorea
- Exostemtech, Inc.AnsanKorea
| | - Dong‐Gyu Jo
- Exostemtech, Inc.AnsanKorea
- School of PharmacySungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonKorea
- Biomedical Institute for ConvergenceSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonKorea
- Department of Health Science and TechnologySAIHSTSungkyunkwan UniversitySeoulKorea
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16
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Pertusa C, Tarín JJ, Cano A, García-Pérez MÁ, Mifsut D. Serum microRNAs in osteoporotic fracture and osteoarthritis: a genetic and functional study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19372. [PMID: 34588560 PMCID: PMC8481273 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98789-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The rising incidence of bone pathologies such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis is negatively affecting the functional status of millions of patients worldwide. The genetic component of these multifactorial pathologies is far from being fully understood, but in recent years several epigenetic mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of these bone diseases have been identified. The aim of the present study was to compare the serum expression of four miRNAs in women with hip fragility fracture (OF group), osteoarthritis requiring hip replacement (OA group) and control women (Ctrl group). Serum expression of miR-497-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-423-5p and miR-365-3p was determined in a sample of 23 OA women, 25 OF women and 52 Ctrl women. Data shown that women with bone pathologies have higher expression of miR-497 and miR-423 and lower expression of miR-155 and miR-365 than control subjects. Most importantly, miR-497 was identified as an excellent discriminator between OA group and control group (AUC: 0.89, p < 0.000) and acceptable in distinguishing from the OF group (AUC: 0.76, p = 0.002). Our data suggest that circulating miR-497 may represent a significant biomarker of OA, a promising finding that could contribute towards future early-stage diagnosis of this disease. Further studies are required to establish the role of miR-155, miR-423 and miR-365 in bone pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Pertusa
- grid.429003.cResearch Unit, INCLIVA Health Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan J. Tarín
- grid.5338.d0000 0001 2173 938XDepartment of Cellular Biology, Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Antonio Cano
- grid.5338.d0000 0001 2173 938XDepartment of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel García-Pérez
- grid.429003.cResearch Unit, INCLIVA Health Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain ,grid.5338.d0000 0001 2173 938XDepartment of Genetics, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Damián Mifsut
- Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Clinic Hospital, INCLIVA Institute of Health Research, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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17
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Chen C, Liu YM, Fu BL, Xu LL, Wang B. MicroRNA-21: An Emerging Player in Bone Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:722804. [PMID: 34557095 PMCID: PMC8452984 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.722804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) are small endogenous non-coding RNAs that bind to the 3′-untranslated region of target genes and promote their degradation or inhibit translation, thereby regulating gene expression. MiRNAs are ubiquitous in biology and are involved in many biological processes, playing an important role in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. MiRNA-21 (miR-21) is one of them. In recent years, miR-21 has received a lot of attention from researchers as an emerging player in orthopedic diseases. MiR-21 is closely associated with the occurrence, development, treatment, and prevention of orthopedic diseases through a variety of mechanisms. This review summarizes its effects on osteoblasts, osteoclasts and their relationship with osteoporosis, fracture, osteoarthritis (OA), osteonecrosis, providing a new way of thinking for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of these bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Mei Liu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin-Lan Fu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang-Liang Xu
- Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Traumatology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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