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Xi M, Zhu J, Zhang F, Shen H, Chen J, Xiao Z, Huangfu Y, Wu C, Sun H, Xia G. Antibody-drug conjugates for targeted cancer therapy: Recent advances in potential payloads. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 276:116709. [PMID: 39068862 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent a promising cancer therapy modality which specifically delivers highly toxic payloads to cancer cells through antigen-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). To date, 15 ADCs have been approved and more than 100 ADC candidates have advanced to clinical trials for the treatment of various cancers. Among these ADCs, microtubule-targeting and DNA-damaging agents are at the forefront of payload development. However, several challenges including toxicity and drug resistance limit the potential of this modality. To tackle these issues, multiple innovative payloads such as immunomodulators and proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are incorporated into ADCs to enable multimodal cancer therapy. In this review, we describe the mechanism of ADCs, highlight the importance of ADC payloads and summarize recent progresses of conventional and unconventional ADC payloads, trying to provide an insight into payload diversification as a key step in future ADC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyang Xi
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Fat-soluble Vitamin, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Jingjing Zhu
- NovoCodex Biopharmaceuticals Co. Ltd., Shaoxing, 312090, China
| | - Fengxia Zhang
- NovoCodex Biopharmaceuticals Co. Ltd., Shaoxing, 312090, China
| | - Hualiang Shen
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Fat-soluble Vitamin, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Jianhui Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Ziyan Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Yanping Huangfu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Chunlei Wu
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Fat-soluble Vitamin, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Haopeng Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Gang Xia
- NovoCodex Biopharmaceuticals Co. Ltd., Shaoxing, 312090, China
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Abel AC, Mühlethaler T, Dessin C, Schachtsiek T, Sammet B, Sharpe T, Steinmetz MO, Sewald N, Prota AE. Bridging the maytansine and vinca sites: Cryptophycins target β-tubulin's T5-loop. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107363. [PMID: 38735475 PMCID: PMC11190709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cryptophycins are microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) that belong to the most potent antimitotic compounds known to date; however, their exact molecular mechanism of action remains unclear. Here, we present the 2.2 Å resolution X-ray crystal structure of a potent cryptophycin derivative bound to the αβ-tubulin heterodimer. The structure addresses conformational issues present in a previous 3.3 Å resolution cryo-electron microscopy structure of cryptophycin-52 bound to the maytansine site of β-tubulin. It further provides atomic details on interactions of cryptophycins, which had not been described previously, including ones that are in line with structure-activity relationship studies. Interestingly, we discovered a second cryptophycin-binding site that involves the T5-loop of β-tubulin, a critical secondary structure element involved in the exchange of the guanosine nucleotide and in the formation of longitudinal tubulin contacts in microtubules. Cryptophycins are the first natural ligands found to bind to this new "βT5-loop site" that bridges the maytansine and vinca sites. Our results offer unique avenues to rationally design novel MTAs with the capacity to modulate T5-loop dynamics and to simultaneously engage multiple β-tubulin binding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Catherine Abel
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Department of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland; Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Cedric Dessin
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thomas Schachtsiek
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Benedikt Sammet
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Michel O Steinmetz
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Department of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland; Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Andrea E Prota
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Department of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland.
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3
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Lu N, Wu J, Tian M, Zhang S, Li Z, Shi L. Comprehensive review on the elaboration of payloads derived from natural products for antibody-drug conjugates. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 268:116233. [PMID: 38408390 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have arisen as a promising class of biotherapeutics for targeted cancer treatment, combining the specificity of monoclonal antibodies with the cytotoxicity of small-molecule drugs. The choice of an appropriate payload is crucial for the success development of ADCs, as it determines the therapeutic efficacy and safety profile. This review focuses on payloads derived from natural products, including cytotoxic agents, DNA-damaging agents, and immunomodulators. These offer several advantages such as diverse chemical structures, unique mechanism of actions, and potential for improved therapeutic index. Challenges and opportunities associated with their development were highlighted. This review underscores the significance of natural product payloads in the elaboration of ADCs, which serves as a valuable resource for researchers involved in developing and optimizing next-generation ADCs for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Lu
- XDC Analytical Sciences, WuXi XDC Co., Ltd., 520 Fute North Road, Pilot Free Trade Zone, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200131, China
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- XDC Analytical Sciences, WuXi XDC Co., Ltd., 520 Fute North Road, Pilot Free Trade Zone, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200131, China
| | - Mengwei Tian
- XDC Analytical Sciences, WuXi XDC Co., Ltd., 520 Fute North Road, Pilot Free Trade Zone, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200131, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- XDC Analytical Sciences, WuXi XDC Co., Ltd., 520 Fute North Road, Pilot Free Trade Zone, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200131, China.
| | - Zhiguo Li
- XDC Analytical Sciences, WuXi XDC Co., Ltd., 520 Fute North Road, Pilot Free Trade Zone, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200131, China.
| | - Liming Shi
- XDC Analytical Sciences, WuXi XDC Co., Ltd., 520 Fute North Road, Pilot Free Trade Zone, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200131, China.
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WAHI ABHISHEK, BISHNOI MAMTA, RAINA NEHA, SINGH MEGHNAAMRITA, VERMA PIYUSH, GUPTA PIYUSHKUMAR, KAUR GINPREET, TULI HARDEEPSINGH, GUPTA MADHU. Recent updates on nano-phyto-formulations based therapeutic intervention for cancer treatment. Oncol Res 2023; 32:19-47. [PMID: 38188681 PMCID: PMC10767243 DOI: 10.32604/or.2023.042228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death globally, with limited treatment options and several limitations. Chemotherapeutic agents often result in toxicity which long-term conventional treatment. Phytochemicals are natural constituents that are more effective in treating various diseases with less toxicity than the chemotherapeutic agents providing alternative therapeutic approaches to minimize the resistance. These phytoconstituents act in several ways and deliver optimum effectiveness against cancer. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of phyto-formulations in the management of cancers may be constrained due to challenges related to inadequate solubility, bioavailability, and stability. Nanotechnology presents a promising avenue for transforming current cancer treatment methods through the incorporation of phytochemicals into nanosystems, which possess a range of advantageous characteristics such as biocompatibility, targeted and sustained release capabilities, and enhanced protective effects. This holds significant potential for future advancements in cancer management. Herein, this review aims to provide intensive literature on diverse nanocarriers, highlighting their applications as cargos for phytocompounds in cancer. Moreover, it offers an overview of the current advancements in the respective field, emphasizing the characteristics that contribute to favourable outcomes in both in vitro and in vivo settings. Lastly, clinical development and regulatory concerns are also discussed to check on the transformation of the concept as a promising strategy for combination therapy of phytochemicals and chemotherapeutics that could lead to cancer management in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- ABHISHEK WAHI
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), Pushp Vihar, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - MAMTA BISHNOI
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gurugram University, Haryana, 122003, India
| | - NEHA RAINA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), Pushp Vihar, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - MEGHNA AMRITA SINGH
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), Pushp Vihar, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - PIYUSH VERMA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), Pushp Vihar, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - PIYUSH KUMAR GUPTA
- Department of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248002, India
| | - GINPREET KAUR
- Department of Pharmacology, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM’s NMIMS, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - HARDEEP SINGH TULI
- Department of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, India
| | - MADHU GUPTA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), Pushp Vihar, New Delhi, 110017, India
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Martínez-Conde C, Colín-Lozano B, Gutiérrez-Hernández A, Hernández-Núñez E, Yépez-Mulia L, Colorado-Pablo LF, Aguayo-Ortiz R, Escalante J, Rivera-Leyva JC, Sánchez-Carranza JN, Barbosa-Cabrera E, Navarrete-Vazquez G. Enhancing Giardicidal Activity and Aqueous Solubility through the Development of "RetroABZ", a Regioisomer of Albendazole: In Vitro, In Vivo, and In Silico Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14949. [PMID: 37834396 PMCID: PMC10573946 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Parasitic diseases, including giardiasis caused by Giardia lamblia (G. lamblia), present a considerable global health burden. The limited effectiveness and adverse effects of current treatment options underscore the necessity for novel therapeutic compounds. In this study, we employed a rational design strategy to synthesize retroalbendazole (RetroABZ), aiming to address the limitations associated with albendazole, a commonly used drug for giardiasis treatment. RetroABZ exhibited enhanced in vitro activity against G. lamblia trophozoites, demonstrating nanomolar potency (IC50 = 83 nM), outperforming albendazole (189 nM). Moreover, our in vivo murine model of giardiasis displayed a strong correlation, supporting the efficacy of RetroABZ, which exhibited an eleven-fold increase in potency compared to albendazole, with median effective dose (ED50) values of 5 µg/kg and 55 µg/kg, respectively. A notable finding was RetroABZ's significantly improved water solubility (245.74 µg/mL), representing a 23-fold increase compared to albendazole, thereby offering potential opportunities for developing derivatives that effectively target invasive parasites. The molecular docking study revealed that RetroABZ displays an interaction profile with tubulin similar to albendazole, forming hydrogen bonds with Glu198 and Cys236 of the β-tubulin. Additionally, molecular dynamics studies demonstrated that RetroABZ has a greater number of hydrophobic interactions with the binding site in the β-tubulin, due to the orientation of the propylthio substituent. Consequently, RetroABZ exhibited a higher affinity compared to albendazole. Overall, our findings underscore RetroABZ's potential as a promising therapeutic candidate not only for giardiasis but also for other parasitic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Martínez-Conde
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico; (C.M.-C.); (B.C.-L.); (A.G.-H.); (J.C.R.-L.); (J.N.S.-C.)
| | - Blanca Colín-Lozano
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico; (C.M.-C.); (B.C.-L.); (A.G.-H.); (J.C.R.-L.); (J.N.S.-C.)
| | - Abraham Gutiérrez-Hernández
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico; (C.M.-C.); (B.C.-L.); (A.G.-H.); (J.C.R.-L.); (J.N.S.-C.)
| | - Emanuel Hernández-Núñez
- Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, IPN, Unidad Mérida, Merida 97310, Yucatán, Mexico;
| | - Lilián Yépez-Mulia
- Unidad de Investigación Medica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
| | - Luis Fernando Colorado-Pablo
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (L.F.C.-P.); (R.A.-O.)
| | - Rodrigo Aguayo-Ortiz
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (L.F.C.-P.); (R.A.-O.)
| | - Jaime Escalante
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas-IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico;
| | - Julio C. Rivera-Leyva
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico; (C.M.-C.); (B.C.-L.); (A.G.-H.); (J.C.R.-L.); (J.N.S.-C.)
| | - Jessica Nayelli Sánchez-Carranza
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico; (C.M.-C.); (B.C.-L.); (A.G.-H.); (J.C.R.-L.); (J.N.S.-C.)
| | - Elizabeth Barbosa-Cabrera
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, IPN, Mexico City 11340, Mexico;
| | - Gabriel Navarrete-Vazquez
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico; (C.M.-C.); (B.C.-L.); (A.G.-H.); (J.C.R.-L.); (J.N.S.-C.)
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6
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Eren E, Watts NR, Randazzo D, Palmer I, Sackett DL, Wingfield PT. Structural basis of microtubule depolymerization by the kinesin-like activity of HIV-1 Rev. Structure 2023; 31:1233-1246.e5. [PMID: 37572662 PMCID: PMC10592302 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2023.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
HIV-1 Rev is an essential regulatory protein that transports unspliced and partially spliced viral mRNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm for the expression of viral structural proteins. During its nucleocytoplasmic shuttling, Rev interacts with several host proteins to use the cellular machinery for the advantage of the virus. Here, we report the 3.5 Å cryo-EM structure of a 4.8 MDa Rev-tubulin ring complex. Our structure shows that Rev's arginine-rich motif (ARM) binds to both the acidic surfaces and the C-terminal tails of α/β-tubulin. The Rev-tubulin interaction is functionally homologous to that of kinesin-13, potently destabilizing microtubules at sub-stoichiometric levels. Expression of Rev in astrocytes and HeLa cells shows that it can modulate the microtubule cytoskeleton within the cellular environment. These results show a previously undefined regulatory role of Rev.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Eren
- Protein Expression Laboratory, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Norman R Watts
- Protein Expression Laboratory, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Davide Randazzo
- Light Imaging Section, Office of Science and Technology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ira Palmer
- Protein Expression Laboratory, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dan L Sackett
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Paul T Wingfield
- Protein Expression Laboratory, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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7
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Wang Z, Li H, Gou L, Li W, Wang Y. Antibody-drug conjugates: Recent advances in payloads. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:4025-4059. [PMID: 37799390 PMCID: PMC10547921 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody‒drug conjugates (ADCs), which combine the advantages of monoclonal antibodies with precise targeting and payloads with efficient killing, show great clinical therapeutic value. The ADCs' payloads play a key role in determining the efficacy of ADC drugs and thus have attracted great attention in the field. An ideal ADC payload should possess sufficient toxicity, low immunogenicity, high stability, and modifiable functional groups. Common ADC payloads include tubulin inhibitors and DNA damaging agents, with tubulin inhibitors accounting for more than half of the ADC drugs in clinical development. However, due to clinical limitations of traditional ADC payloads, such as inadequate efficacy and the development of acquired drug resistance, novel highly efficient payloads with diverse targets and reduced side effects are being developed. This perspective summarizes the recent research advances of traditional and novel ADC payloads with main focuses on the structure-activity relationship studies, co-crystal structures, and designing strategies, and further discusses the future research directions of ADC payloads. This review also aims to provide valuable references and future directions for the development of novel ADC payloads that will have high efficacy, low toxicity, adequate stability, and abilities to overcome drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijia Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Frontiers Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu 610212, China
| | - Hanxuan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Lantu Gou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Frontiers Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu 610212, China
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8
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Depsipeptides Targeting Tumor Cells: Milestones from In Vitro to Clinical Trials. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020670. [PMID: 36677728 PMCID: PMC9864405 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is currently considered one of the most threatening diseases worldwide. Diet could be one of the factors that can be enhanced to comprehensively address a cancer patient's condition. Unfortunately, most molecules capable of targeting cancer cells are found in uncommon food sources. Among them, depsipeptides have emerged as one of the most reliable choices for cancer treatment. These cyclic amino acid oligomers, with one or more subunits replaced by a hydroxylated carboxylic acid resulting in one lactone bond in a core ring, have broadly proven their cancer-targeting efficacy, some even reaching clinical trials and being commercialized as "anticancer" drugs. This review aimed to describe these depsipeptides, their reported amino acid sequences, determined structure, and the specific mechanism by which they target tumor cells including apoptosis, oncosis, and elastase inhibition, among others. Furthermore, we have delved into state-of-the-art in vivo and clinical trials, current methods for purification and synthesis, and the recognized disadvantages of these molecules. The information collated in this review can help researchers decide whether these molecules should be incorporated into functional foods in the near future.
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9
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Constantinescu T, Mihis AG. Two Important Anticancer Mechanisms of Natural and Synthetic Chalcones. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11595. [PMID: 36232899 PMCID: PMC9570335 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette subfamily G and tubulin pharmacological mechanisms decrease the effectiveness of anticancer drugs by modulating drug absorption and by creating tubulin assembly through polymerization. A series of natural and synthetic chalcones have been reported to have very good anticancer activity, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration lower than 1 µM. By modulation, it is observed in case of the first mechanism that methoxy substituents on the aromatic cycle of acetophenone residue and substitution of phenyl nucleus by a heterocycle and by methoxy or hydroxyl groups have a positive impact. To inhibit tubulin, compounds bind to colchicine binding site. Presence of methoxy groups, amino groups or heterocyclic substituents increase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Constantinescu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hatieganu University, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alin Grig Mihis
- Advanced Materials and Applied Technologies Laboratory, Institute of Research-Development-Innovation in Applied Natural Sciences, “Babes-Bolyai” University, Fantanele Str. 30, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Bendelac A, Benedetti F, Doublet-Decabras V, Lokovi R, Decalogne F, Bigot A. Fit-for-Purpose Synthesis of an Aza-Cryptophycin Analogue as the Payload for an Antibody–Drug Conjugate. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Bendelac
- ADC Conjugation Development, Sanofi, 13 Quai Jules Guesde, 94403 Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France
| | - Françoise Benedetti
- Early Development Chemistry, Sanofi, 13 Quai Jules Guesde, 94403 Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France
| | | | - Rachel Lokovi
- Early Development Chemistry, Sanofi, 13 Quai Jules Guesde, 94403 Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France
| | - François Decalogne
- Early Development Chemistry, Sanofi, 13 Quai Jules Guesde, 94403 Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France
| | - Antony Bigot
- Early Development Chemistry, Sanofi, 13 Quai Jules Guesde, 94403 Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France
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11
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Pavšič M. Dataset and analysis of molecular dynamics simulation of EpCAM ectodomain dimer. Data Brief 2021; 38:107403. [PMID: 34611538 PMCID: PMC8477132 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2021.107403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The data provided and described here give insight into the solution dynamics of the dimer of human EpCAM ectodomain (EpEX). As the starting point, crystal structure of EpEX non-covalent dimer was used (PDB ID 4MZV). The coordinates of solvent-embedded dimer were used to generate a topology file, which was in turn used for all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulation run of 20 ns length using full-system periodic electrostatics at a constant temperature of 310 K and a constant pressure of 1 atm. The MD trajectory file (part of this dataset) contains 4000 frames corresponding to recording/sampling atom positions every 5 ps. The simulation run was then analyzed in terms of root mean square deviations (RMSD) of protein atoms, and non-covalent inter-subunit interactions. The MD trajectory and analyzed data enable-in contrast to the static crystal structure-detailed analysis of solution-like protein structural dynamics and support design of EpCAM-targetting binders and structure-based analysis of EpCAM interactome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miha Pavšič
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia
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