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Zheng ZQ, Zhong CR, Wei CZ, Chen XJ, Chen GM, Nie RC, Chen ZW, Zhang FY, Li YF, Zhou ZW, Chen YM, Liang YL. Hyperactivation of mTOR/eIF4E Signaling Pathway Promotes the Production of Tryptophan-To-Phenylalanine Substitutants in EBV-Positive Gastric Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2402284. [PMID: 38994917 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Although messenger RNA translation is tightly regulated to preserve protein synthesis and cellular homeostasis, chronic exposure to interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in several cancers can lead to tryptophan (Trp) shortage via the indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO)- kynurenine pathway and therefore promotes the production of aberrant peptides by ribosomal frameshifting and tryptophan-to-phenylalanine (W>F) codon reassignment events (substitutants) specifically at Trp codons. However, the effect of Trp depletion on the generation of aberrant peptides by ribosomal mistranslation in gastric cancer (GC) is still obscure. Here, it is shows that the abundant infiltrating lymphocytes in EBV-positive GC continuously secreted IFN-γ, upregulated IDO1 expression, leading to Trp shortage and the induction of W>F substitutants. Intriguingly, the production of W>F substitutants in EBV-positive GC is linked to antigen presentation and the activation of the mTOR/eIF4E signaling pathway. Inhibiting either the mTOR/eIF4E pathway or EIF4E expression counteracted the production and antigen presentation of W>F substitutants. Thus, the mTOR/eIF4E pathway exposed the vulnerability of gastric cancer by accelerating the production of aberrant peptides and boosting immune activation through W>F substitutant events. This work proposes that EBV-positive GC patients with mTOR/eIF4E hyperactivation may benefit from anti-tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Qi Zheng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Rui Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Hepatobiliary Pancreatic and Splenic Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Zhi Wei
- Department of Gastric Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Chen
- Department of Gastric Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Ming Chen
- Department of Gastric Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Run-Cong Nie
- Department of Gastric Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Ze-Wei Chen
- Department of Gastric Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Fei-Yang Zhang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Fang Li
- Department of Gastric Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhou
- Department of Gastric Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Ming Chen
- Department of Gastric Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Ye-Lin Liang
- Department of Radiology Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
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Zhang X, Yuan L, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Wu Q, Li C, Wu M, Huang Y. Liquid-liquid phase separation in diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e640. [PMID: 39006762 PMCID: PMC11245632 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), an emerging biophysical phenomenon, can sequester molecules to implement physiological and pathological functions. LLPS implements the assembly of numerous membraneless chambers, including stress granules and P-bodies, containing RNA and protein. RNA-RNA and RNA-protein interactions play a critical role in LLPS. Scaffolding proteins, through multivalent interactions and external factors, support protein-RNA interaction networks to form condensates involved in a variety of diseases, particularly neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Modulating LLPS phenomenon in multiple pathogenic proteins for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and cancer could present a promising direction, though recent advances in this area are limited. Here, we summarize in detail the complexity of LLPS in constructing signaling pathways and highlight the role of LLPS in neurodegenerative diseases and cancers. We also explore RNA modifications on LLPS to alter diseases progression because these modifications can influence LLPS of certain proteins or the formation of stress granules, and discuss the possibility of proper manipulation of LLPS process to restore cellular homeostasis or develop therapeutic drugs for the eradication of diseases. This review attempts to discuss potential therapeutic opportunities by elaborating on the connection between LLPS, RNA modification, and their roles in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhang
- College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Laboratory of Research in Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders Health Sciences Institute China Medical University Shenyang China
| | - Wanlu Zhang
- College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang China
| | - Qun Wu
- Department of Pediatrics Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Chunting Li
- College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang China
| | - Min Wu
- Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Wenzhou Zhejiang China
- The Joint Research Center Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Ningbo China
| | - Yongye Huang
- College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang China
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern University Shenyang China
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Yang Z, Zhang S, Xiong J, Xia T, Zhu R, Miao M, Li K, Chen W, Zhang L, You Y, You B. The m 6A demethylases FTO and ALKBH5 aggravate the malignant progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by coregulating ARHGAP35. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:43. [PMID: 38263362 PMCID: PMC10806234 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01810-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is an RNA modification that can be removed by demethylases [fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) and AlkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5)], which regulate gene expression and cell function. We show that m6A levels and m6A demethylase levels are altered in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tissues vs. normal tissues. High FTO and ALKBH5 predict a poor prognosis in NPC patients. Silencing FTO and ALKBH5 inhibited the malignant behavior of patient-derived NPC cells in a short time. However, as time progressed, the inhibitory effect of FTO or ALKBH5 was weakened, and the cosilencing of FTO and ALKBH5 maintained a better inhibitory effect. Combined transcriptome and m6A-seq analysis revealed a downstream target gene that was jointly regulated by FTO and ALKBH5 in NPC, and ARHGAP35 was chosen to do further study. The synergistic silencing of FTO and ALKBH5 increased the methylation level on the mRNA CDS of a new transcription factor (ARHGAP35) and positively regulate the protein coding capacity and mRNA stability of ARHGAP35, thus leading to increased expression of ARHGAP35 and inhibition of the malignant phenotype of tumor cells. Our study revealed that the growth and metastasis of NPC can be stably inhibited through synergistic silencing of the demethylases FTO and ALKBH5, which play a positive role in the treatment of NPC by regulating the downstream transcript ARHGAP35 and increasing its m6A level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Siyu Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jiayan Xiong
- Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Tian Xia
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Mengyu Miao
- Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Keying Li
- Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wenyue Chen
- Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Haimen People's Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Yiwen You
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
- Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
| | - Bo You
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
- Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
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