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Voytyuk O, Ohata Y, Moustakas A, Ten Dijke P, Heldin CH. Smad7 palmitoylation by the S-acyltransferase zDHHC17 enhances its inhibitory effect on TGF-β/Smad signaling. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107462. [PMID: 38876303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Intracellular signaling by the pleiotropic cytokine transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is inhibited by Smad7 in a feedback control mechanism. The activity of Smad7 is tightly regulated by multiple post-translational modifications. Using resin-assisted capture and metabolic labeling methods, we show here that Smad7 is S-palmitoylated in mammary epithelial cell models that are widely studied because of their strong responses to TGF-β and their biological relevance to mammary development and tumor progression. S-palmitoylation of Smad7 is mediated by zDHHC17, a member of a family of 23 S-acyltransferase enzymes. Moreover, we identified four cysteine residues (Cys202, Cys225, Cys415, and Cys417) in Smad7 as palmitoylation acceptor sites. S-palmitoylation of Smad7 on Cys415 and Cys417 promoted the translocation of Smad7 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, enhanced the stability of the Smad7 protein, and enforced its inhibitory effect on TGF-β-induced Smad transcriptional response. Thus, our findings reveal a new post-translational modification of Smad7, and highlight an important role of S-palmitoylation to enhance inhibition of TGF-β/Smad signaling by Smad7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Voytyuk
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Box 582, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Yae Ohata
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Box 582, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Aristidis Moustakas
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Box 582, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Carl-Henrik Heldin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Box 582, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Tate EW, Soday L, de la Lastra AL, Wang M, Lin H. Protein lipidation in cancer: mechanisms, dysregulation and emerging drug targets. Nat Rev Cancer 2024; 24:240-260. [PMID: 38424304 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-024-00666-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Protein lipidation describes a diverse class of post-translational modifications (PTMs) that is regulated by over 40 enzymes, targeting more than 1,000 substrates at over 3,000 sites. Lipidated proteins include more than 150 oncoproteins, including mediators of cancer initiation, progression and immunity, receptor kinases, transcription factors, G protein-coupled receptors and extracellular signalling proteins. Lipidation regulates the physical interactions of its protein substrates with cell membranes, regulating protein signalling and trafficking, and has a key role in metabolism and immunity. Targeting protein lipidation, therefore, offers a unique approach to modulate otherwise undruggable oncoproteins; however, the full spectrum of opportunities to target the dysregulation of these PTMs in cancer remains to be explored. This is attributable in part to the technological challenges of identifying the targets and the roles of protein lipidation. The early stage of drug discovery for many enzymes in the pathway contrasts with efforts for drugging similarly common PTMs such as phosphorylation and acetylation, which are routinely studied and targeted in relevant cancer contexts. Here, we review recent advances in identifying targetable protein lipidation pathways in cancer, the current state-of-the-art in drug discovery, and the status of ongoing clinical trials, which have the potential to deliver novel oncology therapeutics targeting protein lipidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward W Tate
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
| | - Lior Soday
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Mei Wang
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hening Lin
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Chaturvedi S, Pandya N, Sadhukhan S, Sonawane A. Identification of selective plant-derived natural carotenoid and flavonoids as the potential inhibitors of DHHC-mediated protein S-palmitoylation: an in silico study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38319030 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2306502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Protein S-palmitoylation mediated by DHHCs is recognized as a distinct and reversible form of lipid modification connected with several health perturbations, including neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and autoimmune conditions. However, the pharmacological characteristics of current pan-DHHC inhibitors, particularly their toxicity and off-target effects, have hindered their in-depth cellular investigations. The therapeutic properties of the natural compounds, with minimal side effects, allowed us to evaluate them as DHHC-targeting inhibitors. Here, we performed an insilico screening of 115 phytochemicals to assess their interactions with the DHHC20 binding site. Among these compounds, lutein, 5-hydroxyflavone, and 6-hydroxyflavone exhibited higher binding energy (-9.2, -8.5, and -8.5 kcal/mol) in the DHHC20 groove compared to pan-DHHC inhibitor 2-BP (-7.0 kcal/mol). Furthermore, we conducted a 100 ns MD simulation to evaluate the stability of these complexes under physiological conditions. The MDsimulation results indicated that DHHC20 formed a more stable conformation with lutein compared to 5-hydroxyflavone and 6-hyroxyflavone via hydrophobic and H-bond interactions. Conclusively, these results could serve as a promising starting point for exploring the use of these natural molecules as DHHC20 inhibitors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchi Chaturvedi
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Nirali Pandya
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sushabhan Sadhukhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Palakkad, Kerala, India
- Physical & Chemical Biology Laboratory and Department of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Palakkad, Kerala, India
| | - Avinash Sonawane
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Liao D, Huang Y, Liu D, Zhang H, Shi X, Li X, Luo P. The role of s-palmitoylation in neurological diseases: implication for zDHHC family. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1342830. [PMID: 38293675 PMCID: PMC10824933 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1342830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
S-palmitoylation is a reversible posttranslational modification, and the palmitoylation reaction in human-derived cells is mediated by the zDHHC family, which is composed of S-acyltransferase enzymes that possess the DHHC (Asp-His-His-Cys) structural domain. zDHHC proteins form an autoacylation intermediate, which then attaches the fatty acid to cysteine a residue in the target protein. zDHHC proteins sublocalize in different neuronal structures and exert dif-ferential effects on neurons. In humans, many zDHHC proteins are closely related to human neu-rological disor-ders. This review focuses on a variety of neurological disorders, such as AD (Alz-heimer's disease), HD (Huntington's disease), SCZ (schizophrenia), XLID (X-linked intellectual disability), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and glioma. In this paper, we will discuss and summarize the research progress regarding the role of zDHHC proteins in these neu-rological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yutao Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- School of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Haofuzi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xinyu Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
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