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Sun J, Chan YT, Ho KWK, Zhang L, Bian L, Tuan RS, Jiang Y. "Slow walk" mimetic tensile loading maintains human meniscus tissue resident progenitor cells homeostasis in photocrosslinked gelatin hydrogel. Bioact Mater 2023; 25:256-272. [PMID: 36825224 PMCID: PMC9941420 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Meniscus, the cushion in knee joint, is a load-bearing tissue that transfers mechanical forces to extracellular matrix (ECM) and tissue resident cells. The mechanoresponse of human tissue resident stem/progenitor cells in meniscus (hMeSPCs) is significant to tissue homeostasis and regeneration but is not well understood. This study reports that a mild cyclic tensile loading regimen of ∼1800 loads/day on hMeSPCs seeded in 3-dimensional (3D) photocrosslinked gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel is critical in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Experimentally, a "slow walk" biomimetic cyclic loading regimen (10% tensile strain, 0.5 Hz, 1 h/day, up to 15 days) is applied to hMeSPCs encapsulated in GelMA hydrogel with a magnetic force-controlled loading actuator. The loading significantly increases cell differentiation and fibrocartilage-like ECM deposition without affecting cell viability. Transcriptomic analysis reveals 332 mechanoresponsive genes, clustered into cell senescence, mechanical sensitivity, and ECM dynamics, associated with interleukins, integrins, and collagens/matrix metalloproteinase pathways. The cell-GelMA constructs show active ECM remodeling, traced using a green fluorescence tagged (GFT)-GelMA hydrogel. Loading enhances nascent pericellular matrix production by the encapsulated hMeSPCs, which gradually compensates for the hydrogel loss in the cultures. These findings demonstrate the strong tissue-forming ability of hMeSPCs, and the importance of mechanical factors in maintaining meniscus homeostasis.
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Key Words
- 3D cell-based constructs
- 3D, Three-dimensional
- BMSCs, Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells
- Biomimetic cyclic loading
- CFUs, Colony forming units
- Col I, Collagen type I
- Col II, Collagen type II
- DS, Degree of substitution
- ECM, Extracellular matrix
- Extracellular matrix
- GAGs, Glycosaminoglycans
- GFT-GelMA, Green fluorescence-tagged GelMA
- GelMA hydrogel
- GelMA, Gelatin methacryloyl
- Human meniscus progenitor cells
- MeHA, Methacrylated hyaluronic acid
- PCM, Pericellular matrix
- PI, Propidium iodide
- PPI, Protein-protein interaction
- hMeSPCs, Human meniscus stem/progenitor cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Yau Tsz Chan
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Ki Wai Kevin Ho
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, And Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Liming Bian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Rocky S. Tuan
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China,Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China,Corresponding author. Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.
| | - Yangzi Jiang
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China,Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China,Corresponding author. Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.
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2
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Gilbert I, Gaudreault N, Gaboury I. Exploring the Effects of Standardized Soft Tissue Mobilization on the Viscoelastic Properties, Pressure Pain Thresholds, and Tactile Pressure Thresholds of the Cesarean Section Scar. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2022; 28:355-362. [PMID: 35426735 PMCID: PMC9051872 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2021.0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Objectives of soft tissue mobilization applied to cesarean section (C-section) scars are to decrease stiffness and to reduce pain. Research investigating these effects is lacking. Materials and methods: The authors conducted a descriptive, exploratory, proof-of-concept clinical study. Women aged 18 to 40 years who had undergone at least one C-section were recruited. A trained osteopath performed standardized mobilization of the C-section scar once a week for 2 weeks. Scar quality and pain characteristics, viscoelastic properties, pressure pain thresholds, and tactile pressure thresholds were measured before and after each session. Paired Student's t-tests and Friedman's test with Dunn–Bonferroni adjustment were performed to assess the immediate and short-term effects of mobilizations. Kendall's W and Cohen's d were calculated to determine effect sizes over the short term. Simple bootstrapped bias-corrected and accelerated 95% median confidence intervals were computed. Results: Thirty-two participants completed the study. The Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale questionnaire revealed differences with small and moderate effects for stiffness (p = 0.021, d = 0.43), relief (p < 0.001, d = 0.28), surface area (p = 0.040, d = 0.36), flexibility (p = 0.007, d = 0.52), and participant opinion (p = 0.001, d = 0.62). Mobilizations increased elasticity (p < 0.001, W = 0.11), decreased stiffness (p < 0.001, W = 0.30), and improved pressure pain thresholds (p < 0.001, W = 0.10) of the C-section, with small to moderate effects. The results also showed decreased tone and mechanical stress relaxation time, as well as increased tactile pressure thresholds at the different measurement times (p < 0.05), but trivial effect sizes (W < 0.10). Creep showed trivial effect and no significant difference (p = 0.09). Conclusion: This study showed that two sessions of mobilization of C-section scar might have a beneficial effect on some viscoelastic properties of the C-section as well as on pain. Some variables of interest useful for future empirical studies are highlighted. ClinicalTrial. Gov NCT04320355.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Gilbert
- School of Rehabilitation and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada.,Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Nathaly Gaudreault
- School of Rehabilitation and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Isabelle Gaboury
- Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
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3
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Mende W, Götzl R, Kubo Y, Pufe T, Ruhl T, Beier JP. The Role of Adipose Stem Cells in Bone Regeneration and Bone Tissue Engineering. Cells 2021; 10:cells10050975. [PMID: 33919377 PMCID: PMC8143357 DOI: 10.3390/cells10050975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone regeneration is a complex process that is influenced by tissue interactions, inflammatory responses, and progenitor cells. Diseases, lifestyle, or multiple trauma can disturb fracture healing, which might result in prolonged healing duration or even failure. The current gold standard therapy in these cases are bone grafts. However, they are associated with several disadvantages, e.g., donor site morbidity and availability of appropriate material. Bone tissue engineering has been proposed as a promising alternative. The success of bone-tissue engineering depends on the administered cells, osteogenic differentiation, and secretome. Different stem cell types offer advantages and drawbacks in this field, while adipose-derived stem or stromal cells (ASCs) are in particular promising. They show high osteogenic potential, osteoinductive ability, and immunomodulation properties. Furthermore, they can be harvested through a noninvasive process in high numbers. ASCs can be induced into osteogenic lineage through bioactive molecules, i.e., growth factors and cytokines. Moreover, their secretome, in particular extracellular vesicles, has been linked to fracture healing. The aim of this review is a comprehensive overview of ASCs for bone regeneration and bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Mende
- Hand Surgery-Burn Center, Department of Plastic Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Rebekka Götzl
- Hand Surgery-Burn Center, Department of Plastic Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Yusuke Kubo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Pufe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Tim Ruhl
- Hand Surgery-Burn Center, Department of Plastic Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Justus P Beier
- Hand Surgery-Burn Center, Department of Plastic Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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4
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Shafaei H, Kalarestaghi H. Adipose-derived stem cells: An appropriate selection for osteogenic differentiation. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:8371-8386. [PMID: 32239731 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a major component of various forms of tissue engineering. MSCs have self-renewal and multidifferential potential. Osteogenic differentiation of MSCs is an area of attention in bone regeneration. One form of MSCs are adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), which can be simply harvested and differentiated into several cell lineages, such as chondrocytes, adipocytes, or osteoblasts. Due to special properties, ASCs are frequently used in vitro and in vivo bone regeneration. Identifying factors involved in osteogenic differentiation of ASCs is important for better understanding the mechanism of osteogenic differentiation. Different methods are used to stimulate osteogenesis of ASCs in literature, including common osteogenic media, growth factors, hormones, hypoxia, mechanical and chemical stimuli, genetic modification, and nanotechnology. This review article provides an overview describing the isolation procedure, characterization, properties, current methods for osteogenic differentiation of ASCs, and their basic biological mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Shafaei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Stem Cell Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Kalarestaghi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Stem Cell Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Research Laboratory for Embryology and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomical Sciences and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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5
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Huang X, Das R, Patel A, Nguyen TD. Physical Stimulations for Bone and Cartilage Regeneration. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018; 4:216-237. [PMID: 30740512 PMCID: PMC6366645 DOI: 10.1007/s40883-018-0064-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A wide range of techniques and methods are actively invented by clinicians and scientists who are dedicated to the field of musculoskeletal tissue regeneration. Biological, chemical, and physiological factors, which play key roles in musculoskeletal tissue development, have been extensively explored. However, physical stimulation is increasingly showing extreme importance in the processes of osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation, proliferation and maturation through defined dose parameters including mode, frequency, magnitude, and duration of stimuli. Studies have shown manipulation of physical microenvironment is an indispensable strategy for the repair and regeneration of bone and cartilage, and biophysical cues could profoundly promote their regeneration. In this article, we review recent literature on utilization of physical stimulation, such as mechanical forces (cyclic strain, fluid shear stress, etc.), electrical and magnetic fields, ultrasound, shock waves, substrate stimuli, etc., to promote the repair and regeneration of bone and cartilage tissue. Emphasis is placed on the mechanism of cellular response and the potential clinical usage of these stimulations for bone and cartilage regeneration.
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6
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Chen M, Guo W, Gao S, Hao C, Shen S, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Li X, Jing X, Zhang X, Yuan Z, Wang M, Zhang Y, Peng J, Wang A, Wang Y, Sui X, Liu S, Guo Q. Biomechanical Stimulus Based Strategies for Meniscus Tissue Engineering and Regeneration. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2018; 24:392-402. [PMID: 29897012 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2017.0508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Meniscus injuries are very common in the knee joint. Treating a damaged meniscus continues to be a scientific challenge in sport medicine because of its poor self-healing potential and few clinical therapeutic options. Tissue engineering strategies are very promising solutions for repairing and regenerating a damaged meniscus. Meniscus is exposed to a complex biomechanical microenvironment, and it plays a crucial role in meniscal development, growth, and repairing. Over the past decades, increasing attention has been focused on the use of biomechanical stimulus to enhance biomechanical properties of the engineered meniscus. Further understanding the influence of mechanical stimulation on cell proliferation and differentiation, metabolism, relevant gene expression, and pro/anti-inflammatory responses may be beneficial to enhance meniscal repair and regeneration. On the one hand, this review describes some basic information about meniscus; on the other hand, we sum up the various biomechanical stimulus based strategies applied in meniscus tissue engineering and how these factors affect meniscal regeneration. We hope this review will provide researchers with inspiration on tissue engineering strategies for meniscus regeneration in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxue Chen
- 1 Institute of Orthopedics , Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China .,2 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Fourth Clinical College of Peking University, 100035 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Weimin Guo
- 1 Institute of Orthopedics , Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunag Gao
- 3 Center for Biomaterial and Tissue Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University , Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxiang Hao
- 4 Institute of Anesthesiology , Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi Shen
- 1 Institute of Orthopedics , Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China .,5 Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengzeng Zhang
- 1 Institute of Orthopedics , Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China .,6 First Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University , Jiamusi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zehao Wang
- 1 Institute of Orthopedics , Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Li
- 1 Institute of Orthopedics , Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China .,7 School of Medicine, Nankai University , Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoguang Jing
- 1 Institute of Orthopedics , Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China .,6 First Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University , Jiamusi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueliang Zhang
- 1 Institute of Orthopedics , Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China .,8 Shanxi Traditional Chinese Hospital , Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- 1 Institute of Orthopedics , Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjie Wang
- 1 Institute of Orthopedics , Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- 1 Institute of Orthopedics , Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Peng
- 1 Institute of Orthopedics , Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiyuan Wang
- 1 Institute of Orthopedics , Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- 1 Institute of Orthopedics , Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Sui
- 1 Institute of Orthopedics , Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- 1 Institute of Orthopedics , Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanyi Guo
- 1 Institute of Orthopedics , Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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7
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Dikina AD, Lai BP, Cao M, Zborowski M, Alsberg E. Magnetic field application or mechanical stimulation via magnetic microparticles does not enhance chondrogenesis in mesenchymal stem cell sheets. Biomater Sci 2018; 5:1241-1245. [PMID: 28589998 DOI: 10.1039/c7bm00061h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Using a novel magnetic field bioreactor, this work evaluated the chondrogenesis of scaffold-free human mesenchymal stem cell sheets in response to static and variable magnetic fields, as well as mechanical stimulation via 4.4 μm magnetic particles. Neither static nor variable magnetic fields generated by 1.44-1.45 T permanent magnets affected cartilage formation. Notably, magnetic field-induced mechanical stimulation by magnetic particles, which applied forces to the cells and ECM statically (4.39 pN) or cyclically (1.06-63.6 pN; 16.7 mHz), also did not affect cartilage formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Dikina
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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8
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Tuin SA, Pourdeyhimi B, Loboa EG. Fabrication of novel high surface area mushroom gilled fibers and their effects on human adipose derived stem cells under pulsatile fluid flow for tissue engineering applications. Acta Biomater 2016; 36:220-30. [PMID: 26992369 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The fabrication and characterization of novel high surface area hollow gilled fiber tissue engineering scaffolds via industrially relevant, scalable, repeatable, high speed, and economical nonwoven carding technology is described. Scaffolds were validated as tissue engineering scaffolds using human adipose derived stem cells (hASC) exposed to pulsatile fluid flow (PFF). The effects of fiber morphology on the proliferation and viability of hASC, as well as effects of varied magnitudes of shear stress applied via PFF on the expression of the early osteogenic gene marker runt related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) were evaluated. Gilled fiber scaffolds led to a significant increase in proliferation of hASC after seven days in static culture, and exhibited fewer dead cells compared to pure PLA round fiber controls. Further, hASC-seeded scaffolds exposed to 3 and 6dyn/cm(2) resulted in significantly increased mRNA expression of RUNX2 after one hour of PFF in the absence of soluble osteogenic induction factors. This is the first study to describe a method for the fabrication of high surface area gilled fibers and scaffolds. The scalable manufacturing process and potential fabrication across multiple nonwoven and woven platforms makes them promising candidates for a variety of applications that require high surface area fibrous materials. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE We report here for the first time the successful fabrication of novel high surface area gilled fiber scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. Gilled fibers led to a significant increase in proliferation of human adipose derived stem cells after one week in culture, and a greater number of viable cells compared to round fiber controls. Further, in the absence of osteogenic induction factors, gilled fibers led to significantly increased mRNA expression of an early marker for osteogenesis after exposure to pulsatile fluid flow. This is the first study to describe gilled fiber fabrication and their potential for tissue engineering applications. The repeatable, industrially scalable, and versatile fabrication process makes them promising candidates for a variety of scaffold-based tissue engineering applications.
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9
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Ahmed M, Ramos TADS, Damanik F, Quang Le B, Wieringa P, Bennink M, van Blitterswijk C, de Boer J, Moroni L. A combinatorial approach towards the design of nanofibrous scaffolds for chondrogenesis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14804. [PMID: 26445026 PMCID: PMC4595832 DOI: 10.1038/srep14804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a three-dimensional (3D) structure composed of proteinaceous fibres that provide physical and biological cues to direct cell behaviour. Here, we build a library of hybrid collagen-polymer fibrous scaffolds with nanoscale dimensions and screen them for their ability to grow chondrocytes for cartilage repair. Poly(lactic acid) and poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) at two different monomer ratios (85:15 and 50:50) were incrementally blended with collagen. Physical properties (wettability and stiffness) of the scaffolds were characterized and related to biological performance (proliferation, ECM production, and gene expression) and structure-function relationships were developed. We found that soft scaffolds with an intermediate wettability composed of the highly biodegradable PLGA50:50 and collagen, in two ratios (40:60 and 60:40), were optimal for chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells as determined by increased ECM production and enhanced cartilage specific gene expression. Long-term cultures indicated a stable phenotype with minimal de-differentiation or hypertrophy. The combinatorial methodology applied herein is a promising approach for the design and development of scaffolds for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maqsood Ahmed
- University of Twente, Department of Tissue Regeneration, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Tiago André da Silva Ramos
- University of Twente, Department of Tissue Regeneration, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Engineering, University of Oporto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Febriyani Damanik
- University of Twente, Department of Tissue Regeneration, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Bach Quang Le
- University of Twente, Department of Tissue Regeneration, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Wieringa
- University of Twente, Department of Tissue Regeneration, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Bennink
- University of Twente, Department of Nanobiophysics, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jan de Boer
- University of Twente, Department of Tissue Regeneration, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- University of Twente, Department of Tissue Regeneration, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
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10
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Effect of sterilization on structural and material properties of 3-D silk fibroin scaffolds. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:308-17. [PMID: 24013025 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The development of porous scaffolds for tissue engineering applications requires the careful choice of properties, as these influence cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. Sterilization of scaffolds is a prerequisite for in vitro culture as well as for subsequent in vivo implantation. The variety of methods used to provide sterility is as diverse as the possible effects they can have on the structural and material properties of the three-dimensional (3-D) porous structure, especially in polymeric or proteinous scaffold materials. Silk fibroin (SF) has previously been demonstrated to offer exceptional benefits over conventional synthetic and natural biomaterials in generating scaffolds for tissue replacements. This study sought to determine the effect of sterilization methods, such as autoclaving, heat-, ethylene oxide-, ethanol- or antibiotic-antimycotic treatment, on porous 3-D SF scaffolds. In terms of scaffold morphology, topography, crystallinity and short-term cell viability, the different sterilization methods showed only few effects. Nevertheless, mechanical properties were significantly decreased by a factor of two by all methods except for dry autoclaving, which seemed not to affect mechanical properties compared to the native control group. These data suggest that SF scaffolds are in general highly resistant to various sterilization treatments. Nevertheless, care should be taken if initial mechanical properties are of interest.
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11
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Juhász T, Matta C, Somogyi C, Katona É, Takács R, Soha RF, Szabó IA, Cserháti C, Sződy R, Karácsonyi Z, Bakó E, Gergely P, Zákány R. Mechanical loading stimulates chondrogenesis via the PKA/CREB-Sox9 and PP2A pathways in chicken micromass cultures. Cell Signal 2013; 26:468-82. [PMID: 24333667 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Biomechanical stimuli play important roles in the formation of articular cartilage during early foetal life, and optimal mechanical load is a crucial regulatory factor of adult chondrocyte metabolism and function. In this study, we undertook to analyse mechanotransduction pathways during in vitro chondrogenesis. Chondroprogenitor cells isolated from limb buds of 4-day-old chicken embryos were cultivated as high density cell cultures for 6 days. Mechanical stimulation was carried out by a self-designed bioreactor that exerted uniaxial intermittent cyclic load transmitted by the culture medium as hydrostatic pressure and fluid shear to differentiating cells. The loading scheme (0.05 Hz, 600 Pa; for 30 min) was applied on culturing days 2 and 3, when final commitment and differentiation of chondroprogenitor cells occurred in this model. The applied mechanical load significantly augmented cartilage matrix production and elevated mRNA expression of several cartilage matrix constituents, including collagen type II and aggrecan core protein, as well as matrix-producing hyaluronan synthases through enhanced expression, phosphorylation and nuclear signals of the main chondrogenic transcription factor Sox9. Along with increased cAMP levels, a significantly enhanced protein kinase A (PKA) activity was also detected and CREB, the archetypal downstream transcription factor of PKA signalling, exhibited elevated phosphorylation levels and stronger nuclear signals in response to mechanical stimuli. All the above effects were diminished by the PKA-inhibitor H89. Inhibition of the PKA-independent cAMP-mediators Epac1 and Epac2 with HJC0197 resulted in enhanced cartilage formation, which was additive to that of the mechanical stimulation, implying that the chondrogenesis-promoting effect of mechanical load was independent of Epac. At the same time, PP2A activity was reduced following mechanical load and treatments with the PP2A-inhibitor okadaic acid were able to mimic the effects of the intervention. Our results indicate that proper mechanical stimuli augment in vitro cartilage formation via promoting both differentiation and matrix production of chondrogenic cells, and the opposing regulation of the PKA/CREB-Sox9 and the PP2A signalling pathways is crucial in this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Juhász
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Csaba Matta
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Csilla Somogyi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Éva Katona
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Roland Takács
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Rudolf Ferenc Soha
- Department of Solid State Physics, University of Debrecen, Bem tér 18/b, H-4026 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István A Szabó
- Department of Solid State Physics, University of Debrecen, Bem tér 18/b, H-4026 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Csaba Cserháti
- Department of Solid State Physics, University of Debrecen, Bem tér 18/b, H-4026 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Róbert Sződy
- Péterfy Hospital Trauma Centre, Péterfy Sándor utca 8-20, H-1076 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Karácsonyi
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Eva Bakó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical and Health Science Centre, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Pál Gergely
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical and Health Science Centre, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Róza Zákány
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
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Panadero J, Vikingsson L, Gomez Ribelles J, Sencadas V, Lanceros-Mendez S. Fatigue prediction in fibrin poly-ε-caprolactone macroporous scaffolds. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2013; 28:55-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2013.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2013] [Revised: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abstract
Mechanical factors play a crucial role in the development of articular cartilage in vivo. In this regard, tissue engineers have sought to leverage native mechanotransduction pathways to enhance in vitro stem cell-based cartilage repair strategies. However, a thorough understanding of how individual mechanical factors influence stem cell fate is needed to predictably and effectively utilize this strategy of mechanically-induced chondrogenesis. This article summarizes some of the latest findings on mechanically stimulated chondrogenesis, highlighting several new areas of interest, such as the effects of mechanical stimulation on matrix maintenance and terminal differentiation, as well as the use of multifactorial bioreactors. Additionally, the roles of individual biophysical factors, such as hydrostatic or osmotic pressure, are examined in light of their potential to induce mesenchymal stem cell chondrogenesis. An improved understanding of biomechanically-driven tissue development and maturation of stem cell-based cartilage replacements will hopefully lead to the development of cell-based therapies for cartilage degeneration and disease.
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Mechanical cues in cellular signalling and communication. Cell Tissue Res 2012; 352:77-94. [PMID: 23224763 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-012-1531-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Multicellular organisms comprise an organized array of individual cells surrounded by a meshwork of biomolecules and fluids. Cells have evolved various ways to communicate with each other, so that they can exchange information and thus fulfil their specified and unique functions. At the same time, cells are also physical entities that are subjected to a variety of local and global mechanical cues arising in the microenvironment. Cells are equipped with several different mechanisms to sense the physical properties of the microenvironment and the mechanical forces arising within it. These mechanical cues can elicit a variety of responses that have been shown to play a crucial role in vivo. In this review, we discuss the current views and understanding of cell mechanics and demonstrate the emerging evidence of the interplay between physiological mechanical cues and cell-cell communication pathways.
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15
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Review of biophysical factors affecting osteogenic differentiation of human adult adipose-derived stem cells. Biophys Rev 2012; 5:11-28. [PMID: 28510177 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-012-0079-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2011] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing bone is subject to the control of a broad variety of influences in vivo. For bone repair applications, in vitro osteogenic assays are routinely used to test the responses of bone-forming cells to drugs, hormones, and biomaterials. Results of these assays are used to predict the behavior of bone-forming cells in vivo. Stem cell research has shown promise for enhancing bone repair. In vitro osteogenic assays to test the bone-forming response of stem cells typically use chemical solutions. Stem cell in vitro osteogenic assays often neglect important biophysical cues, such as the forces associated with regular weight-bearing exercise, which promote bone formation. Incorporating more biophysical cues that promote bone formation would improve in vitro osteogenic assays for stem cells. Improved in vitro osteogenic stimulation opens opportunities for "pre-conditioning" cells to differentiate towards the desired lineage. In this review, we explore the role of select biophysical factors-growth surfaces, tensile strain, fluid flow and electromagnetic stimulation-in promoting osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from human adipose. Emphasis is placed on the potential for physical microenvironment manipulation to translate tissue engineering and stem cell research into widespread clinical usage.
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Schilder RJ, Kimball SR, Jefferson LS. Cell-autonomous regulation of fast troponin T pre-mRNA alternative splicing in response to mechanical stretch. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2012; 303:C298-307. [PMID: 22592404 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00400.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
How mechanochemical signals induced by the amount of weight borne by the skeletal musculature are translated into modifications to muscle sarcomeres is poorly understood. Our laboratory recently demonstrated that, in response to experimentally induced increases in the weight load borne by a rat, alternative splicing of the fast skeletal muscle troponin T (Tnnt3) pre-mRNA in gastrocnemius was adjusted in a correlated fashion with the amount of added weight. (Schilder RJ, Kimball SR, Marden JH, Jefferson LS. J Exp Biol 214: 1523-1532, 2011). Thus muscle load is perceived quantitatively by the body, and mechanisms that sense it appear to control processes that generate muscle sarcomere composition plasticity, such as alternative pre-mRNA splicing. Here we demonstrate how mechanical stretch (see earlier comment) of C2C12 muscle cells in culture results in changes to Tnnt3 pre-mRNA alternative splicing that are qualitatively similar to those observed in response to added weight in rats. Moreover, inhibition of Akt signaling, but not that of ERK1/2, prevents the stretch-induced effect on Tnnt3 pre-mRNA alternative splicing. These findings suggest that effects of muscle load on Tnnt3 pre-mRNA alternative splicing are controlled by a cell-autonomous mechanism, rather than systemically. They also indicate that, in addition to its regulatory role in protein synthesis and muscle mass plasticity, Akt signaling may regulate muscle sarcomere composition by modulating alternative splicing events in response to load. Manipulation of Tnnt3 pre-mRNA alternative splicing by mechanical stretch of cells in culture provides a model to investigate the biology of weight sensing by skeletal muscles and facilitates identification of mechanisms through which skeletal muscles match their performance and experienced load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf J Schilder
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Bodle JC, Hanson AD, Loboa EG. Adipose-derived stem cells in functional bone tissue engineering: lessons from bone mechanobiology. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2011; 17:195-211. [PMID: 21338267 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2010.0738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This review aims to highlight the current and significant work in the use of adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) in functional bone tissue engineering framed through the bone mechanobiology perspective. Over a century of work on the principles of bone mechanosensitivity is now being applied to our understanding of bone development. We are just beginning to harness that potential using stem cells in bone tissue engineering. ASC are the primary focus of this review due to their abundance and relative ease of accessibility for autologous procedures. This article outlines the current knowledge base in bone mechanobiology to investigate how the knowledge from this area has been applied to the various stem cell-based approaches to engineering bone tissue constructs. Specific emphasis is placed on the use of human ASC for this application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine C Bodle
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7115, USA
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