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Mann KA, Miller MA, Gandhi SA, Kusler JE, Tatusko ME, Biggs AE, Oest ME. Peri-operative zoledronic acid attenuates peri-prosthetic osteolysis in a rat model of cemented knee replacement. J Orthop Res 2024. [PMID: 39032112 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Progressive osteolysis can occur at the cement-bone interface of joint replacements and the associated loss of fixation can lead to clinical loosening. We previously developed a rat hemiarthroplasty model that exhibited progressive loss of fixation with the development of cement-bone gaps under the tibial tray that mimicked patterns found in human arthroplasty retrievals. Here we explored the ability of a bisphosphonate (zoledronic acid, ZA) to attenuate cement-bone osteolysis and maintain implant stability. Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 59) received a poly(methylmethacrylate) cemented tibial component and were followed for up to 12 weeks. Treatment groups included peri-operative administration of ZA (ZA group), administration of ZA at 6 weeks postop (late ZA group), or vehicle (Veh group). There was a 60% reduction in the rate of cement-bone gap formation for the ZA group (0.15 mm3/week) compared to Veh group (0.38 mm3/week, p = 0.016). Late ZA prevented further progression of gap formation but did not reverse bone loss to the level achieved in the ZA group. Micromotion from five times body weight toggle loading was positively correlated with cement-bone gap volume (p = 0.009) and negatively correlated with the amount of cement in the metaphysis (p = 0.005). Reduced new bone formation and enduring nonviable bone in the epiphysis for the ZA group were found. This suggests that low bone turnover in the epiphysis may suppress the early catabolic response due to implantation, thereby maintaining better fixation in the epiphysis. This preclinical model presents compelling supporting data documenting improved maintenance of the cement-bone fixation with the use of peri-operative bisphosphonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth A Mann
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Institute for Human Performance, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Mark A Miller
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Institute for Human Performance, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Sachin A Gandhi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Institute for Human Performance, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Jace E Kusler
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Institute for Human Performance, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Megan E Tatusko
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Institute for Human Performance, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Amy E Biggs
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Institute for Human Performance, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Megan E Oest
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Institute for Human Performance, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
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Miller MA, Hardy WR, Oest ME, Mann KA. Potential for supraphysiologic fluid shear stresses in a rat cemented knee replacement model. J Orthop Res 2023; 41:94-103. [PMID: 35332943 PMCID: PMC9509496 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The mechano-biologic environment associated with aseptic loosening of cemented joint replacements is not fully understood. The goal of this study was to use a preclinical rat knee arthroplasty model to explore the changes in cement-bone morphology and micromotion that occur with in vivo service. Narrow gaps between cement and bone under the tibial tray were present at early time points, and with even small magnitude micromotion, resulted in large micromotion-to-gap width ratios. These data were then used to develop models of fluid flow in the cement-bone gaps to estimate potential for high fluid shear stress (FSS). Modeling results revealed supraphysiologic (>4 Pa) FSS were possible, particularly for cases in which eccentric loading applied to the implant and if the fluid in the gap consisted of marrow or synovial fluid. The early, high FSS environment, could cause fluid-induced periprosthetic osteolysis locally, resulting in progressive loss of cement-bone fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Miller
- SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | | | - Megan E Oest
- SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Kenneth A Mann
- SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
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Mann KA, Miller MA, Tatusko ME, Oest ME. Similitude of cement-bone micromechanics in cemented rat and human knee replacement. J Orthop Res 2020; 38:1529-1537. [PMID: 32167182 PMCID: PMC7293949 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A preclinical rat knee replacement model was recently developed to explore the biological and mechanobiological changes of trabecular resorption for cement-bone interdigitated regions. The goal here was to evaluate the relevance of this model compared with human knee replacement with regards to functional micromechanics. Eight nonsurvival, cemented knee replacement surgeries were performed, the interdigitated gap morphology was quantified, and interface micromotion between cement and bone was measured for 1 to 5 bodyweight loading. Computational fluid dynamics modeling of unit cell geometries with small gaps between trabeculae and cement was used to estimate fluid flow. Gap width (3.6 μm) was substantially smaller compared with cement-bone gaps reported in human knee replacement (11.8 μm). Micromotion at the cement-bone border was also decreased for the rat knee replacement (0.48 μm), compared with human (1.97 μm), for 1 bodyweight loading. However, the micromotion-to-gap width ratio (0.19 and 0.22 for, rat and human), and estimated fluid shear stress (6.47 and 7.13 Pa, for rat and human) were similar. Replicating the fluid dynamic characteristics of cement-bone interdigitated regions in human knee replacements using preclinical models may be important to recapitulate trabecular resorption mechanisms due to proposed supraphysiologic fluid shear stress. Statement of clinical significance: local cement-bone micromotion due to joint loading may contribute to the process of clinical loosening in total joint replacements. This work shows that while micromotion and gap morphology are diminished for the rat knee model compared to human, the motion-to-gap ratio, and corresponding fluid shear stress are of similar magnitudes.
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Ma C, Geng B, Zhang X, Li R, Yang X, Xia Y. Fluid Shear Stress Suppresses Osteoclast Differentiation in RAW264.7 Cells through Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 5 (ERK5) Signaling Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e918370. [PMID: 31914120 PMCID: PMC6977602 DOI: 10.12659/msm.918370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) is known to be critical for osteoclast differentiation, there are few studies on how fluid shear stress (FSS) regulates osteoclast differentiation through the ERK5 signaling pathway. We examined the expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) in RAW264.7 cells and its downstream factors, including cathepsin K (CTSK), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) and their relationship with ERK5. Material/Methods RAW264.7 cells were treated with RANKL, XMD8-92 (ERK5 inhibitor), and then loaded onto 12 dyn/cm2 FSS for 4 days. Endpoints measured were osteoclast differentiation, bone resorption, and TRAP activity. Cell viability was detected by using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Western blot was used to analyze protein expression of phosphorylated-ERK5 (p-ERK5), NFATc1, CTSK, TRAP, and MMP-9. Results FSS inhibited osteoclast differentiation and expression of NFATc1, CTSK, TRAP, and MMP-9; cell viability was not affected. ERK5 expression increased by FSS but not by RANKL, and it was blocked by XMD8-92. Furthermore, FSS suppressed osteoclast differentiation in RAW264.7 cells through ERK5 pathway. Conclusions Our findings demonstrated that FSS inhibited osteoclast differentiation in RAW264.7 cells via the ERK5 pathway through reduced NFATc1 expression and its downstream factors MMP-9, CTSK, and TRAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongwen Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland).,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
| | - Bin Geng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland).,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland).,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland).,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
| | - Xinxin Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland).,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
| | - Yayi Xia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland).,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
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Multi-well plate cell contraction assay detects negatively correlated cellular responses to pharmacological inhibitors in contractility and migration. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 521:527-532. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.10.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Ma Q, Ma Z, Liang M, Luo F, Xu J, Dou C, Dong S. The role of physical forces in osteoclastogenesis. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:12498-12507. [PMID: 30623443 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The movements of life at every level from organs, tissues, cells to sub-cells, are all conducted in certain physical environments. In the human body, skeletal tissue among all connective tissues is influenced the most by physical forces. Studying the biological behavior of bone cells under different physical environments is helpful in further understanding bone homeostasis and metabolism. Among all bone cells, osteoclast (OC) and OC steered bone remodeling is one of the key points in bone metabolism. In the past few decades, people's understanding of OC was mostly limited to its involvement of bone resorption under physiological and pathological conditions. However, more and more studies started to focus on how physical forces affect the formation and differentiation of OC. This review tries to illustrate the knowledge up to date about how osteoclastogenesis is regulated by physical forces through direct and indirect ways, including fluid shear force, compressive force, and microgravity. The direct way describes the straightforward effects produced by different forces in osteoclastogenesis, whereas the indirect way describes the effects of different forces in osteoclastogenesis through regulation of other bone cells when a certain force is applied. Molecular mechanisms were analyzed and reviewed in both direct and indirect regulation by different forces. Finally, we discussed the status quo and tendency of related research, as well as other unresolved issues, and some future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyu Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zaisong Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Xinjiang Command, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Mengmeng Liang
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianzhong Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ce Dou
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiwu Dong
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Bratengeier C, Bakker AD, Fahlgren A. Mechanical loading releases osteoclastogenesis-modulating factors through stimulation of the P2X7 receptor in hematopoietic progenitor cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:13057-13067. [PMID: 30536959 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical instability of bone implants stimulate osteoclast differentiation and peri-implant bone loss, leading to prosthetic loosening. It is unclear which cells at the periprosthetic interface transduce mechanical signals into a biochemical response, and subsequently facilitate bone loss. We hypothesized that mechanical overloading of hematopoietic bone marrow progenitor cells, which are located near to the inserted bone implants, stimulates the release of osteoclast-inducing soluble factors. Using a novel in vitro model to apply mechanical overloading, we found that hematopoietic progenitor cells released adenosine triphosphate (ATP) after only 2 min of mechanical loading. The released ATP interacts with its specific receptor P2X7 to stimulate the release of unknown soluble factors that inhibit (physiological loading) or promote (supraphysiological loading) the differentiation of multinucleated osteoclasts derived from bone marrow cultures. Inhibition of ATP-receptor P2X7 by Brilliant Blue G completely abolished the overloading-induced stimulation of osteoclast formation. Likewise, stimulation of P2X7 receptor on hematopoietic cells by BzATP enhanced the release of osteoclastogenesis-stimulating signaling molecules to a similar extent as supraphysiological loading. Supraphysiological loading affected neither gene expression of inflammatory markers involved in aseptic implant loosening (e.g., interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and PTGES2) nor expression of the osteoclast modulators receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-Β ligand and osteoprotegerin. Our findings suggest that murine hematopoietic progenitor cells are a potential key player in local mechanical loading-induced bone implant loosening via the ATP/P2X7-axis. Our approach identifies potential therapeutic targets to prevent prosthetic loosening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Bratengeier
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Astrid D Bakker
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, ACTA, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Fahlgren
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Matsui TS, Wu H, Deguchi S. Deformable 96-well cell culture plate compatible with high-throughput screening platforms. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203448. [PMID: 30188938 PMCID: PMC6126838 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Adherent cells such as endothelial cells sense applied mechanical stretch to adapt to changes in their surrounding mechanical environment. Despite numerous studies, signaling pathways underlying the cellular mechanosensing and adaptation remain to be fully elucidated partly because of the lack of tools that allow for a comprehensive screening approach. Conventionally, multi-well cell culture plates of standard configurations are used for comprehensive analyses in cell biology study to identify key molecules in a high-throughput manner. Given that situation, here we design a 96-well cell culture plate made of elastic silicone and mechanically stretchable using a motorized device. Computational analysis suggested that highly uniform stretch can be applied to each of the wells other than the peripheral wells. Elastic image registration-based experimental evaluation on stretch distributions within individual wells revealed the presence of larger variations among wells compared to those in the computational analysis, but a stretch level of 10%–that has been employed in conventional studies on cellular response to stretch—was almost achieved with our setup. We exposed vascular smooth muscle cells to cyclic stretch using the device to demonstrate morphological repolarization of the cells, i.e. typical cellular response to cyclic stretch. Because the deformable multi-well plate validated here is compatible with other high-throughput screening-oriented technologies, we expect this novel system to be utilized for future comprehensive analyses of stretch-related signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsubasa S Matsui
- Division of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hugejile Wu
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shinji Deguchi
- Division of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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Cyndari KI, Goodheart JR, Miller MA, Oest ME, Damron TA, Mann KA. Peri-Implant Distribution of Polyethylene Debris in Postmortem-Retrieved Knee Arthroplasties: Can Polyethylene Debris Explain Loss of Cement-Bone Interlock in Successful Total Knee Arthroplasties? J Arthroplasty 2017; 32:2289-2300. [PMID: 28285038 PMCID: PMC5469692 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2017.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss of mechanical interlock between cement and bone with in vivo service has been recently quantified for functioning, nonrevised, cemented total knee arthroplasties (TKAs). The cause of interlocking trabecular resorption is not known. The goal of this study is to quantify the distribution of PE debris at the cement-bone interface and determine if polyethylene (PE) debris is locally associated with loss of interlock. METHODS Fresh, nonrevised, postmortem-retrieved TKAs (n = 8) were obtained en bloc. Laboratory-prepared constructs (n = 2) served as negative controls. The intact cement-bone interface of each proximal tibia was embedded in Spurr's resin, sectioned, and imaged under polarized light to identify birefringent PE particles. PE wear particle number density was quantified at the cement-bone interface and distal to the interface, and then compared with local loss of cement-bone interlock. RESULTS The average PE particle number density for postmortem-retrieved TKAs ranged from 8.6 (1.3) to 24.9 (3.1) particles/mm2 (standard error) but was weakly correlated with years in service. The average particle number density was twice as high as distal (>5mm) to the interface compared to at the interface. The local loss of interlock at the interface was not related to the presence, absence, or particle density of PE. CONCLUSION PE debris can migrate extensively along the cement-bone interface of well-fixed tibial components. However, the amount of local bone loss at the cement-bone interface was not correlated with the amount of PE debris at the interface, suggesting that the observed loss of trabecular interlock in these well-fixed TKAs may be due to alternative factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen I Cyndari
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Jacklyn R Goodheart
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Mark A Miller
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Megan E Oest
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Timothy A Damron
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Kenneth A Mann
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
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