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Shi L, Marti Ferrando T, Landeo Villanueva S, Joosten MHAJ, Vleeshouwers VGAA, Bachem CWB. Protocol to identify protein-protein interaction networks in Solanum tuberosum using transient TurboID-based proximity labeling. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102577. [PMID: 37733594 PMCID: PMC10519850 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) in crop plants remain largely unexplored. Here, we provide a protocol for identifying PPIs in potato (Solanum tuberosum) using TurboID-mediated proximity labeling. We transiently expressed constructs for a nucleus-located transcription factor and a plasma membrane-localized receptor-like kinase fused to TurboID to identify PPIs in potato leaves. We describe the plasmid construction, plant material, agroinfiltration, biotin treatment, protein isolation, free biotin removal, western blot analysis, and enrichment of biotinylated proteins for mass spectrometry analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Shi
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tatiana Marti Ferrando
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sergio Landeo Villanueva
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Matthieu H A J Joosten
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Vivianne G A A Vleeshouwers
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Christian W B Bachem
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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Duan X, Zheng L, Sun J, Liu W, Wang W, An H. Co-culturing on dry filter paper significantly increased the efficiency of Agrobacterium-mediated transformations of maize immature embryos. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 25:549-560. [PMID: 30956435 PMCID: PMC6419711 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-018-00641-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformations of maize immature embryos (IEs), the common co-culturing media used are MS or N6-based (MC). Here, we used a novel co-culturing method in which maize 'Qi319' IEs inoculated with Agrobacterium-harboring target vector were placed on dry filter paper (DC) in a petri dish. To compare the effects of the DC and MC co-culturing methods on transformation efficiency, we designed three experiments: (1) A. tumefaciens strain AGL1 independently carrying two plasmids, pXQD12 and pXQD70; (2) two A. tumefaciens strains, AGL1 and EHA105, carrying pXQD12; and (3) strains AGL1 and EHA105 each independently inoculated with pXQD12 and pXQD70 for different infiltration periods, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 min. We used A. tumefaciens to inoculate IEs derived from maize ears 9-15 d after pollination, and then IEs were placed in petri dishes for co-culturing. The DC treatment significantly increased the percentage of IEs expressing green fluorescence protein (%GFP), indicating positive transformants. DC-treated IEs had ~ 3 to 4 times the %GFP compared with MC-treated IEs at 8 d after inoculation (3 d co-culture and 5 d restoration). The average regeneration frequency (%GFP positive regenerated calli of infected IEs) and stable transformation frequency (%GFP positive T0 plants of infected IEs) significantly increased with the DC treatment. Thus, the DC method may be used to develop a more efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method for maize IEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Liru Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinhao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hailong An
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 People’s Republic of China
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An Insight into T-DNA Integration Events in Medicago sativa. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18091951. [PMID: 28895894 PMCID: PMC5618600 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms of transferred DNA (T-DNA) integration into the plant genome are still not completely understood. A large number of integration events have been analyzed in different species, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms involved, and on the frequent transfer of vector sequences outside the T-DNA borders, the so-called vector backbone (VB) sequences. In this work, we characterized 46 transgenic alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) plants (events), generated in previous works, for the presence of VB tracts, and sequenced several T-DNA/genomic DNA (gDNA) junctions. We observed that about 29% of the transgenic events contained VB sequences, within the range reported in other species. Sequence analysis of the T-DNA/gDNA junctions evidenced larger deletions at LBs compared to RBs and insertions probably originated by different integration mechanisms. Overall, our findings in alfalfa are consistent with those in other plant species. This work extends the knowledge on the molecular events of T-DNA integration and can help to design better transformation protocols for alfalfa.
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Zhi L, TeRonde S, Meyer S, Arling ML, Register JC, Zhao ZY, Jones TJ, Anand A. Effect of Agrobacterium strain and plasmid copy number on transformation frequency, event quality and usable event quality in an elite maize cultivar. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2015; 34:745-54. [PMID: 25558819 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-014-1734-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Improving Agrobacterium -mediated transformation frequency and event quality by increasing binary plasmid copy number and appropriate strain selection is reported in an elite maize cultivar. Agrobacterium-mediated maize transformation is a well-established method for gene testing and for introducing useful traits in a commercial biotech product pipeline. To develop a highly efficient maize transformation system, we investigated the effect of two Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains and three different binary plasmid origins of replication (ORI) on transformation frequency, vector backbone insertion, single copy event frequency (percentage of events which are single copy for all transgenes), quality event frequency (percentage of single copy events with no vector backbone insertions among all events generated; QE) and usable event quality frequency (transformation frequency times QE frequency; UE) in an elite maize cultivar PHR03. Agrobacterium strain AGL0 gave a higher transformation frequency, but a reduced QE frequency than LBA4404 due to a higher number of vector backbone insertions. Higher binary plasmid copy number positively correlated with transformation frequency and usable event recovery. The above findings can be exploited to develop high-throughput transformation protocols, improve the quality of transgenic events in maize and other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhi
- DuPont Agricultural Biotechnology, DuPont-Pioneer, 8305 NW 62nd Avenue, P. O. Box 7060, Johnston, IA, 50131, USA
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Jo KR, Kim CJ, Kim SJ, Kim TY, Bergervoet M, Jongsma MA, Visser RGF, Jacobsen E, Vossen JH. Development of late blight resistant potatoes by cisgene stacking. BMC Biotechnol 2014; 14:50. [PMID: 24885731 PMCID: PMC4075930 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-14-50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phytophthora infestans, causing late blight in potato, remains one of the most devastating pathogens in potato production and late blight resistance is a top priority in potato breeding. The introduction of multiple resistance (R) genes with different spectra from crossable species into potato varieties is required. Cisgenesis is a promising approach that introduces native genes from the crops own gene pool using GM technology, thereby retaining favourable characteristics of established varieties. RESULTS We pursued a cisgenesis approach to introduce two broad spectrum potato late blight R genes, Rpi-sto1 and Rpi-vnt1.1 from the crossable species Solanum stoloniferum and Solanum venturii, respectively, into three different potato varieties. First, single R gene-containing transgenic plants were produced for all varieties to be used as references for the resistance levels and spectra to be expected in the respective genetic backgrounds. Next, a construct containing both cisgenic late blight R genes (Rpi-vnt1.1 and Rpi-sto1), but lacking the bacterial kanamycin resistance selection marker (NPTII) was transformed to the three selected potato varieties using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Gene transfer events were selected by PCR among regenerated shoots. Through further analyses involving morphological evaluations in the greenhouse, responsiveness to Avr genes and late blight resistance in detached leaf assays, the selection was narrowed down to eight independent events. These cisgenic events were selected because they showed broad spectrum late blight resistance due to the activity of both introduced R genes. The marker-free transformation was compared to kanamycin resistance assisted transformation in terms of T-DNA and vector backbone integration frequency. Also, differences in regeneration time and genotype dependency were evaluated. CONCLUSIONS We developed a marker-free transformation pipeline to select potato plants functionally expressing a stack of late blight R genes. Marker-free transformation is less genotype dependent and less prone to vector backbone integration as compared to marker-assisted transformation. Thereby, this study provides an important tool for the successful deployment of R genes in agriculture and contributes to the production of potentially durable late blight resistant potatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Ryong Jo
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research Centre, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Graduate School Experimental Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Research Institute of Agrobiology, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Pyongyang, DPR Korea
| | - Chol-Jun Kim
- Research Institute of Agrobiology, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Pyongyang, DPR Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Kim
- Research Institute of Agrobiology, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Pyongyang, DPR Korea
| | - Tok-Yong Kim
- Research Institute of Agrobiology, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Pyongyang, DPR Korea
| | - Marjan Bergervoet
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research Centre, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten A Jongsma
- Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard GF Visser
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research Centre, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Evert Jacobsen
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research Centre, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jack H Vossen
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research Centre, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Pierce EJ, Rey MEC. Assessing Global Transcriptome Changes in Response to South African Cassava Mosaic Virus [ZA-99] Infection in Susceptible Arabidopsis thaliana. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67534. [PMID: 23826319 PMCID: PMC3694866 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In susceptible plant hosts, co-evolution has favoured viral strategies to evade host defenses and utilize resources to their own benefit. The degree of manipulation of host gene expression is dependent on host-virus specificity and certain abiotic factors. In order to gain insight into global transcriptome changes for a geminivirus pathosystem, South African cassava mosaic virus [ZA:99] and Arabidopsis thaliana, 4×44K Agilent microarrays were adopted. After normalization, a log2 fold change filtering of data (p<0.05) identified 1,743 differentially expressed genes in apical leaf tissue. A significant increase in differential gene expression over time correlated with an increase in SACMV accumulation, as virus copies were 5-fold higher at 24 dpi and 6-fold higher at 36 dpi than at 14 dpi. Many altered transcripts were primarily involved in stress and defense responses, phytohormone signalling pathways, cellular transport, cell-cycle regulation, transcription, oxidation-reduction, and other metabolic processes. Only forty-one genes (2.3%) were shown to be continuously expressed across the infection period, indicating that the majority of genes were transient and unique to a particular time point during infection. A significant number of pathogen-responsive genes were suppressed during the late stages of pathogenesis, while during active systemic infection (14 to 24 dpi), there was an increase in up-regulated genes in several GO functional categories. An adaptive response was initiated to divert energy from growth-related processes to defense, leading to disruption of normal biological host processes. Similarities in cell-cycle regulation correlated between SACMV and Cabbage leaf curl virus (CaLCuV), but differences were also evident. Differences in gene expression between the two geminiviruses clearly demonstrated that, while some global transcriptome responses are generally common in plant virus infections, temporal host-specific interactions are required for successful geminivirus infection. To our knowledge this is the first geminivirus microarray study identifying global differentially expressed transcripts at 3 time points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica J. Pierce
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - M. E. Chrissie Rey
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- * E-mail:
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Holme IB, Wendt T, Holm PB. Intragenesis and cisgenesis as alternatives to transgenic crop development. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2013; 11:395-407. [PMID: 23421562 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Revised: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
One of the major concerns of the general public about transgenic crops relates to the mixing of genetic materials between species that cannot hybridize by natural means. To meet this concern, the two transformation concepts cisgenesis and intragenesis were developed as alternatives to transgenesis. Both concepts imply that plants must only be transformed with genetic material derived from the species itself or from closely related species capable of sexual hybridization. Furthermore, foreign sequences such as selection genes and vector-backbone sequences should be absent. Intragenesis differs from cisgenesis by allowing use of new gene combinations created by in vitro rearrangements of functional genetic elements. Several surveys show higher public acceptance of intragenic/cisgenic crops compared to transgenic crops. Thus, although the intragenic and cisgenic concepts were introduced internationally only 9 and 7 years ago, several different traits in a variety of crops have currently been modified according to these concepts. Five of these crops are now in field trials and two have pending applications for deregulation. Currently, intragenic/cisgenic plants are regulated as transgenic plants worldwide. However, as the gene pool exploited by intragenesis and cisgenesis are identical to the gene pool available for conventional breeding, less comprehensive regulatory measures are expected. The regulation of intragenic/cisgenic crops is presently under evaluation in the EU and in the US regulators are considering if a subgroup of these crops should be exempted from regulation. It is accordingly possible that the intragenic/cisgenic route will be of major significance for future plant breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inger Bæksted Holme
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Research Centre Flakkebjerg, Slagelse, Denmark.
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Vector integration in triple R gene transformants and the clustered inheritance of resistance against potato late blight. Transgenic Res 2012; 22:315-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s11248-012-9644-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Scientific opinion addressing the safety assessment of plants developed through cisgenesis and intragenesis. EFSA J 2012. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Holme IB, Dionisio G, Brinch-Pedersen H, Wendt T, Madsen CK, Vincze E, Holm PB. Cisgenic barley with improved phytase activity. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2012; 10:237-47. [PMID: 21955685 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2011.00660.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The cisgenesis concept implies that plants are transformed only with their own genetic materials or genetic materials from closely related species capable of sexual hybridization. Furthermore, foreign sequences such as selection genes and vector-backbone sequences should be absent. We used a barley phytase gene (HvPAPhy_a) expressed during grain filling to evaluate the cisgenesis concept in barley. The marker gene elimination method was used to obtain marker-free plant lines. Here, the gene of interest and the selection gene are flanked by their own T-DNA borders to allow unlinked integration of the two genes. We analysed the transformants for co-transformation efficiency, increased phytase activities in the grain, integration of the kanamycin resistance gene of the vector-backbone and segregation between the HvPAPhy_a insert and the hygromycin resistance gene. The frequencies of the four parameters imply that it should be possible to select 11 potentially cisgenic T(1) -lines out of the 72 T(0) -lines obtained, indicating that the generation of cisgenic barley is possible at reasonable frequencies with present methods. We selected two potential cisgenic lines with a single extra copy of the HvPAPhy_a insert for further analysis. Seeds from plants homozygous for the insert showed 2.6- and 2.8-fold increases in phytase activities and the activity levels were stable over the three generations analysed. In one of the selected lines, the flanking sequences from both the left and right T-DNA borders were analysed. These sequences confirmed the absence of truncated vector-backbone sequences linked to the borders. The described line should therefore be classified as cisgenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inger B Holme
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Research Centre Flakkebjerg, Aarhus University, Slagelse, Denmark.
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Production of Phytophthora infestans-resistant potato (Solanum tuberosum) utilising Ensifer adhaerens OV14. Transgenic Res 2011; 21:567-78. [DOI: 10.1007/s11248-011-9553-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Cullen D, Harwood W, Smedley M, Davies H, Taylor M. Comparison of DNA Walking Methods for Isolation of Transgene-Flanking Regions in GM Potato. Mol Biotechnol 2011; 49:19-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-010-9371-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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