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Banik S, Uchil A, Kalsang T, Chakrabarty S, Ali MA, Srisungsitthisunti P, Mahato KK, Surdo S, Mazumder N. The revolution of PDMS microfluidics in cellular biology. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2022; 43:465-483. [PMID: 35410564 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2022.2034733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidics is revolutionizing the way research on cellular biology has been traditionally conducted. The ability to control the cell physicochemical environment by adjusting flow conditions, while performing cellular analysis at single-cell resolution and high-throughput, has made microfluidics the ideal choice to replace traditional in vitro models. However, such a revolution only truly started with the advent of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a microfluidic structural material and soft-lithography as a rapid manufacturing technology. Indeed, before the "PDMS age," microfluidic technologies were: costly, time-consuming and, more importantly, accessible only to specialized laboratories and users. The simplicity of molding PDMS in various shapes along with its inherent properties (transparency, biocompatibility, and gas permeability) has spread the applications of innovative microfluidic devices to diverse and important biological fields and clinical studies. This review highlights how PDMS-based microfluidic systems are innovating pre-clinical biological research on cells and organs. These devices were able to cultivate different cell lines, enhance the sensitivity and diagnostic effectiveness of numerous cell-based assays by maintaining consistent chemical gradients, utilizing and detecting the smallest number of analytes while being high-throughput. This review will also assist in identifying the pitfalls in current PDMS-based microfluidic systems to facilitate breakthroughs and advancements in healthcare research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyabrata Banik
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Ashwini Uchil
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Tenzin Kalsang
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Md Azahar Ali
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Pornsak Srisungsitthisunti
- Department of Production Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Krishna Kishore Mahato
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Salvatore Surdo
- Department of Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nirmal Mazumder
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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Pinck S, Ostormujof LM, Teychené S, Erable B. Microfluidic Microbial Bioelectrochemical Systems: An Integrated Investigation Platform for a More Fundamental Understanding of Electroactive Bacterial Biofilms. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1841. [PMID: 33238493 PMCID: PMC7700166 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8111841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
It is the ambition of many researchers to finally be able to close in on the fundamental, coupled phenomena that occur during the formation and expression of electrocatalytic activity in electroactive biofilms. It is because of this desire to understand that bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) have been miniaturized into microBES by taking advantage of the worldwide development of microfluidics. Microfluidics tools applied to bioelectrochemistry permit even more fundamental studies of interactions and coupled phenomena occurring at the microscale, thanks, in particular, to the concomitant combination of electroanalysis, spectroscopic analytical techniques and real-time microscopy that is now possible. The analytical microsystem is therefore much better suited to the monitoring, not only of electroactive biofilm formation but also of the expression and disentangling of extracellular electron transfer (EET) catalytic mechanisms. This article reviews the details of the configurations of microfluidic BESs designed for selected objectives and their microfabrication techniques. Because the aim is to manipulate microvolumes and due to the high modularity of the experimental systems, the interfacial conditions between electrodes and electrolytes are perfectly controlled in terms of physicochemistry (pH, nutrients, chemical effectors, etc.) and hydrodynamics (shear, material transport, etc.). Most of the theoretical advances have been obtained thanks to work carried out using models of electroactive bacteria monocultures, mainly to simplify biological investigation systems. However, a huge virgin field of investigation still remains to be explored by taking advantage of the capacities of microfluidic BESs regarding the complexity and interactions of mixed electroactive biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Benjamin Erable
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 31432 Toulouse, France; (S.P.); (L.M.O.); (S.T.)
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Furuichi Y, Yoshimoto S, Inaba T, Nomura N, Hori K. Process Description of an Unconventional Biofilm Formation by Bacterial Cells Autoagglutinating through Sticky, Long, and Peritrichate Nanofibers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:2520-2529. [PMID: 31972092 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b06577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we elucidated the formation process of an unconventional biofilm formed by a bacterium autoagglutinating through sticky, long, and peritrichate nanofibers. Understanding the mechanisms of biofilm formation is essential to control microbial behavior and improve environmental biotechnologies. Acinetobacter sp. Tol 5 autoagglutinate through the interaction of the long, peritrichate nanofiber protein AtaA, a trimeric autotransporter adhesin. Using AtaA, without cell growth or extracellular polymeric substances production, Tol 5 cells quickly form an unconventional biofilm. The process forming this unconventional biofilm started with cell-cell interactions, proceeded to cell clumping, and led to the formation of large cell aggregates. The cell-cell interaction was described by Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory based on a new concept, which considers two independent interactions between two cell bodies and between two AtaA fiber tips forming a discontinuous surface. If cell bodies cannot collide owing to an energy barrier at low ionic strengths but approach within the interactive distance of AtaA fibers, cells can agglutinate through their contact. Cell clumping proceeds following the cluster-cluster aggregation model, and an unconventional biofilm containing void spaces and a fractal nature develops. Understanding its formation process would extend the utilization of various types of biofilms, enhancing environmental biotechnologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihide Furuichi
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku , Nagoya , Aichi 464-8603 , Japan
| | - Shogo Yoshimoto
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering , Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku , Nagoya , Aichi 464-8603 , Japan
| | - Tomohiro Inaba
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0006 , Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Nomura
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0006 , Japan
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability , University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8572 , Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Hori
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering , Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku , Nagoya , Aichi 464-8603 , Japan
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Intra- and Interspecies Variability of Single-Cell Innate Fluorescence Signature of Microbial Cell. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:AEM.00608-19. [PMID: 31324624 PMCID: PMC6715841 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00608-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A cell’s innate fluorescence signature is an assemblage of fluorescence signals emitted by diverse biomolecules within a cell. It is known that the innate fluoresce signature reflects various cellular properties and physiological statuses; thus, they can serve as a rich source of information in cell characterization as well as cell identification. However, conventional techniques focus on the analysis of the innate fluorescence signatures at the population level but not at the single-cell level and thus necessitate a clonal culture. In the present study, we developed a technique to analyze the innate fluorescence signature of a single microbial cell. Using this novel method, we found that even very similarly shaped cells differ noticeably in their autofluorescence features, and the innate fluorescence signature changes dynamically with growth phases. We also demonstrated that the different cell types can be classified accurately within a mixed population under a microscope at the resolution of a single cell, depending solely on the innate fluorescence signature information. We suggest that single-cell autofluoresce signature analysis is a promising tool to directly assess the taxonomic or physiological heterogeneity within a microbial population, without cell tagging. Here we analyzed the innate fluorescence signature of the single microbial cell, within both clonal and mixed populations of microorganisms. We found that even very similarly shaped cells differ noticeably in their autofluorescence features and that the innate fluorescence signatures change dynamically with growth phases. We demonstrated that machine learning models can be trained with a data set of single-cell innate fluorescence signatures to annotate cells according to their phenotypes and physiological status, for example, distinguishing a wild-type Aspergillus nidulans cell from its nitrogen metabolism mutant counterpart and log-phase cells from stationary-phase cells of Pseudomonas putida. We developed a minimally invasive method (confocal reflection microscopy-assisted single-cell innate fluorescence [CRIF] analysis) to optically extract and catalog the innate cellular fluorescence signatures of each of the individual live microbial cells in a three-dimensional space. This technique represents a step forward from traditional techniques which analyze the innate fluorescence signatures at the population level and necessitate a clonal culture. Since the fluorescence signature is an innate property of a cell, our technique allows the prediction of the types or physiological status of intact and tag-free single cells, within a cell population distributed in a three-dimensional space. Our study presents a blueprint for a streamlined cell analysis where one can directly assess the potential phenotype of each single cell in a heterogenous population by its autofluorescence signature under a microscope, without cell tagging. IMPORTANCE A cell’s innate fluorescence signature is an assemblage of fluorescence signals emitted by diverse biomolecules within a cell. It is known that the innate fluoresce signature reflects various cellular properties and physiological statuses; thus, they can serve as a rich source of information in cell characterization as well as cell identification. However, conventional techniques focus on the analysis of the innate fluorescence signatures at the population level but not at the single-cell level and thus necessitate a clonal culture. In the present study, we developed a technique to analyze the innate fluorescence signature of a single microbial cell. Using this novel method, we found that even very similarly shaped cells differ noticeably in their autofluorescence features, and the innate fluorescence signature changes dynamically with growth phases. We also demonstrated that the different cell types can be classified accurately within a mixed population under a microscope at the resolution of a single cell, depending solely on the innate fluorescence signature information. We suggest that single-cell autofluoresce signature analysis is a promising tool to directly assess the taxonomic or physiological heterogeneity within a microbial population, without cell tagging.
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Roh C, Nguyen TT, Shim JJ, Kang C. Physico-chemical characterization of caesium and strontium using fluorescent intensity of bacteria in a microfluidic platform. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2019; 6:182069. [PMID: 31218033 PMCID: PMC6549985 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.182069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the impact of radioactive caesium (Cs) and strontium (Sr) on human health and the ecosystem has been a major concern due to the use of nuclear energy. However, this study observed changes in green-fluorescent (GFP)-tagged Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 biofilms by injecting non-radioactive caesium chloride (CsCl) and strontium chloride (SrCl2) into microstructures embedded in polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic devices, which were used due to their strong toxicity limitations. Four types of microstructures with two different diameters were used in the study. The change of biofilm thickness from fluid velocity and wall shear stress was estimated using computational fluid dynamics and observed throughout the experiment. The effect of pore space became a significant physical factor when the fluid was flowing through the microfluidic devices. As the pore space increased, the biofilm growth increased; therefore, triangular microstructures with the largest pore space showed the best growth of biofilm. Caesium chloride (CsCl) and strontium chloride (SrCl2), less toxic than radioactive caesium (Cs) and strontium (Sr), completely eradicated the P. aeruginosa PAO1 biofilm with low concentrations. The combined effect of toxicity, fluid velocity, wall shear stress and microstructures increased the efficiency of biofilm eradication. These findings on microfluidic chips can help to indirectly predict the impact on human public health and ecosystems without using radioactive chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhyun Roh
- Decommissioning Technology Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 989-111 Daedukdaero, Yuseong, Daejeon 34057, South Korea
- Biotechnology Research Division, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 56212, South Korea
| | - Thi Toan Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeonsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, South Korea
| | - Jae-Jin Shim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeonsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, South Korea
| | - Chankyu Kang
- Office for Government Prime Minister's Secretariat, Service for Promoting Safety of People's Lives, 261 Dasom-ro, Sejong 30107, South Korea
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Navarro RR, Hori T, Inaba T, Matsuo K, Habe H, Ogata A. High-resolution phylogenetic analysis of residual bacterial species of fouled membranes after NaOCl cleaning. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 94:166-175. [PMID: 26945453 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Biofouling is one of the major problems during wastewater treatment using membrane bioreactors (MBRs). In this regard, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) has been widely used to wash fouled membranes for maintenance and recovery purposes. Advanced chemical and biological characterization was conducted in this work to evaluate the performance of aqueous NaOCl solutions during washing of polyacrylonitrile membranes. Fouled membranes from MBR operations supplemented with artificial wastewater were washed with 0.1% and 0.5% aqueous NaOCl solutions for 5, 10 and 30 min. The changes in organics composition on the membrane surface were directly monitored by an attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FT-IR) spectrometer. In addition, high-throughput Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA genes was applied to detect any residual microorganisms. Results from ATR-FT-IR analysis indicated the complete disappearance of functional groups representing different fouling compounds after at least 30 min of treatment with 0.1% NaOCl. However, the biomolecular survey revealed the presence of residual bacteria even after 30 min of treatment with 0.5% NaOCl solution. Evaluation of microbial diversity of treated samples using Chao1, Shannon and Simpson reciprocal indices showed an increase in evenness while no significant decline in richness was observed. These implied that only the population of dominant species was mainly affected. The high-resolution phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of numerous operational taxonomic units (OTUs) whose close relatives exhibit halotolerance. Some OTUs related to thermophilic and acid-resistant strains were also identified. Finally, the taxonomic analysis of recycled membranes that were previously washed with NaOCl also showed the presence of numerous halotolerant-related OTUs in the early stage of fouling. This further suggested the possible contribution of such chemical tolerance on their survival against NaOCl washing, which in turn affected their re-fouling potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald R Navarro
- Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Hori
- Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Inaba
- Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Matsuo
- Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Habe
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, AIST, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ogata
- Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
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Toyofuku M, Inaba T, Kiyokawa T, Obana N, Yawata Y, Nomura N. Environmental factors that shape biofilm formation. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2015; 80:7-12. [PMID: 26103134 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2015.1058701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cells respond to the environment and alter gene expression. Recent studies have revealed the social aspects of bacterial life, such as biofilm formation. Biofilm formation is largely affected by the environment, and the mechanisms by which the gene expression of individual cells affects biofilm development have attracted interest. Environmental factors determine the cell's decision to form or leave a biofilm. In addition, the biofilm structure largely depends on the environment, implying that biofilms are shaped to adapt to local conditions. Second messengers such as cAMP and c-di-GMP are key factors that link environmental factors with gene regulation. Cell-to-cell communication is also an important factor in shaping the biofilm. In this short review, we will introduce the basics of biofilm formation and further discuss environmental factors that shape biofilm formation. Finally, the state-of-the-art tools that allow us investigate biofilms under various conditions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Toyofuku
- a Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Japan
| | - Tomohiro Inaba
- a Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Japan
| | - Tatsunori Kiyokawa
- a Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Japan
| | - Nozomu Obana
- a Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Japan
| | - Yutaka Yawata
- b Departoment of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , USA
| | - Nobuhiko Nomura
- a Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences , University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Japan
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Webster TA, Sismaet HJ, Chan IPJ, Goluch ED. Electrochemically monitoring the antibiotic susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. Analyst 2015; 140:7195-201. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an01358e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate a simple microfluidic system for screening antibiotic efficacy and determining minimum inhibitory concentrations forP. aeruginosabiofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - I-ping J. Chan
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Northeastern University
- Boston
- USA
| | - Edgar D. Goluch
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Northeastern University
- Boston
- USA
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Kong H, Ma Z, Wang S, Gong X, Zhang S, Zhang X. Hydrogen Sulfide Detection Based on Reflection: From a Poison Test Approach of Ancient China to Single-Cell Accurate Localization. Anal Chem 2014; 86:7734-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ac5016672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Kong
- Beijing Key Laboratory for
Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry,
Center for Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhuoran Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory for
Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry,
Center for Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Song Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for
Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry,
Center for Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Gong
- Beijing Key Laboratory for
Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry,
Center for Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Sichun Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for
Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry,
Center for Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xinrong Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for
Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry,
Center for Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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Inaba T, Ichihara T, Yawata Y, Toyofuku M, Uchiyama H, Nomura N. Three-dimensional visualization of mixed species biofilm formation together with its substratum. Microbiol Immunol 2014; 57:589-93. [PMID: 23647374 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Biofilms, such as dental plaque, are aggregates of microorganisms attached to a surface. Thus, visualization of biofilms together with their attached substrata is important in order to understand details of the interaction between them. However, so far there is limited availability of such techniques. Here, non-invasive visualization of biofilm formation with its attached substratum by applying the previously reported technique of continuous-optimizing confocal reflection microscopy (COCRM) is reported. The process of development of oral biofilm together with its substratum was sequentially visualized with COCRM. This study describes a convenient method for visualizing biofilm and its attached surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Inaba
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
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Tashiro Y, Yawata Y, Toyofuku M, Uchiyama H, Nomura N. Interspecies interaction between Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other microorganisms. Microbes Environ 2013; 28:13-24. [PMID: 23363620 PMCID: PMC4070684 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me12167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbes interact with each other in multicellular communities and this interaction enables certain microorganisms to survive in various environments. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a highly adaptable bacterium that ubiquitously inhabits diverse environments including soil, marine habitats, plants and animals. Behind this adaptivity, P. aeruginosa has abilities not only to outcompete others but also to communicate with each other to develop a multispecies community. In this review, we focus on how P. aeruginosa interacts with other microorganisms. P. aeruginosa secretes antimicrobial chemicals to compete and signal molecules to cooperate with other organisms. In other cases, it directly conveys antimicrobial enzymes to other bacteria using the Type VI secretion system (T6SS) or membrane vesicles (MVs). Quorum sensing is a central regulatory system used to exert their ability including antimicrobial effects and cooperation with other microbes. At least three quorum sensing systems are found in P. aeruginosa, Las, Rhl and Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS) systems. These quorum-sensing systems control the synthesis of extracellular antimicrobial chemicals as well as interaction with other organisms via T6SS or MVs. In addition, we explain the potential of microbial interaction analysis using several micro devices, which would bring fresh sensitivity to the study of interspecies interaction between P. aeruginosa and other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Tashiro
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
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Tashiro Y, Uchiyama H, Nomura N. Multifunctional membrane vesicles in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Environ Microbiol 2011; 14:1349-62. [PMID: 22103313 DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02632.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria secrete small particles called membrane vesicles (MVs) into the extracellular milieu. While MVs have important roles in delivering toxins from pathogenic bacteria to eukaryotic cells, these vesicles also play ecological roles necessary for survival in various environmental conditions. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which lives in soil, ocean, plant, animal and human environments, has become a model organism for studying these small extracellular particles. Such studies have increased our understanding of the function and biogenesis of bacterial MVs. Pseudomonas aeruginosa MVs possess versatile components and chemical substances with unique structures. These characteristics allow MVs to play their multifunctional biological roles, including microbial interaction, maintenance of biofilm structure and host infection. This review summarizes the comprehensive biochemical and physiochemical properties of MVs derived from P. aeruginosa. These studies will help us understand their biological roles of MVs not only in pathogenicity but also in microbial ecology. Also, the mechanisms of MV production, as currently understood, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Tashiro
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
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13
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Monitoring biofilm development in a microfluidic device using modified confocal reflection microscopy. J Biosci Bioeng 2010; 110:377-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2010.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2010] [Revised: 04/01/2010] [Accepted: 04/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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