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Enhanced Enzymatic Saccharification of Wheat Flour Arabinoxylan and Barley Straw Using Recombinant Hemicellulases. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-019-0231-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Statistical Optimization of Medium and Fermentation Conditions of Recombinant Pichia pastoris for the Production of Xylanase. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-017-0262-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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3
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Ergün BG, Çalık P. Lignocellulose degrading extremozymes produced by Pichia pastoris: current status and future prospects. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2016; 39:1-36. [PMID: 26497303 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-015-1476-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this review article, extremophilic lignocellulosic enzymes with special interest on xylanases, β-mannanases, laccases and finally cellulases, namely, endoglucanases, exoglucanases and β-glucosidases produced by Pichia pastoris are reviewed for the first time. Recombinant lignocellulosic extremozymes are discussed from the perspectives of their potential application areas; characteristics of recombinant and native enzymes; the effects of P. pastoris expression system on recombinant extremozymes; and their expression levels and applied strategies to increase the enzyme expression yield. Further, effects of enzyme domains on activity and stability, protein engineering via molecular dynamics simulation and computational prediction, and site-directed mutagenesis and amino acid modifications done are also focused. Superior enzyme characteristics and improved stability due to the proper post-translational modifications and better protein folding performed by P. pastoris make this host favourable for extremozyme production. Especially, glycosylation contributes to the structure, function and stability of enzymes, as generally glycosylated enzymes produced by P. pastoris exhibit better thermostability than non-glycosylated enzymes. However, there has been limited study on enzyme engineering to improve catalytic efficiency and stability of lignocellulosic enzymes. Thus, in the future, studies should focus on protein engineering to improve stability and catalytic efficiency via computational modelling, mutations, domain replacements and fusion enzyme technology. Also metagenomic data need to be used more extensively to produce novel enzymes with extreme characteristics and stability.
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Homologous and Heterologous Expression of Basidiomycete Genes Related to Plant Biomass Degradation. Fungal Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-27951-0_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Huy ND, Nguyen CL, Park HS, Loc NH, Choi MS, Kim DH, Seo JW, Park SM. Characterization of a novel manganese dependent endoglucanase belongs in GH family 5 from Phanerochaete chrysosporium. J Biosci Bioeng 2015; 121:154-9. [PMID: 26173955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2015.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The cDNA encoding a putative glycoside hydrolase family 5, which has been predicted to be an endoglucanase (PcEg5A), was cloned from Phanerochaete chrysosporium and expressed in Pichia pastoris. PcEg5A contains a carbohydrate-binding domain and two important amino acids, E209 and E319, playing as proton donor and nucleophile in substrate catalytic domain. SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that the recombinant endoglucanase 5A (rPcEg5A) has a molecular size of 43 kDa which corresponds with the theoretical calculation. Optimum pH and temperature were found to be 4.5-6.0, and 50°C-60°C, respectively. Moreover, rPcEg5A exhibited maximal activity in the pH range of 3.0-8.0, whereas over 50% of activity still remained at 20°C and 80°C. rPcEg5A was stable at 60°C for 12 h incubation, indicating that rPcEg5A is a thermostable enzyme. Manganese ion enhanced the enzyme activity by 77%, indicating that rPcEg5A is a metal dependent enzyme. The addition of rPcEg5A to cellobiase (cellobiohydrolase and β-glucosidase) resulted in a 53% increasing saccharification of NaOH-pretreated barley straw, whereas the glucose release was 47% higher than that cellobiase treatment alone. Our study suggested that rPcEg5A is an enzyme with great potential for biomass saccharification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Duc Huy
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-752, Republic of Korea; Institute of Biotechnology, Hue University, Hue 530000, Viet Nam
| | - Cu Le Nguyen
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Sung Park
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-752, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Myoung-Suk Choi
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, College of Natural Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyuk Kim
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, College of Natural Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Woo Seo
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Bio-Materials Research Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Moon Park
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-752, Republic of Korea.
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Huy ND, Nguyen CL, Seo JW, Kim DH, Park SM. Putative endoglucanase PcGH5 from Phanerochaete chrysosporium is a β-xylosidase that cleaves xylans in synergistic action with endo-xylanase. J Biosci Bioeng 2015; 119:416-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2014.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Rytioja J, Hildén K, Yuzon J, Hatakka A, de Vries RP, Mäkelä MR. Plant-polysaccharide-degrading enzymes from Basidiomycetes. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2014; 78:614-49. [PMID: 25428937 PMCID: PMC4248655 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00035-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY Basidiomycete fungi subsist on various types of plant material in diverse environments, from living and dead trees and forest litter to crops and grasses and to decaying plant matter in soils. Due to the variation in their natural carbon sources, basidiomycetes have highly varied plant-polysaccharide-degrading capabilities. This topic is not as well studied for basidiomycetes as for ascomycete fungi, which are the main sources of knowledge on fungal plant polysaccharide degradation. Research on plant-biomass-decaying fungi has focused on isolating enzymes for current and future applications, such as for the production of fuels, the food industry, and waste treatment. More recently, genomic studies of basidiomycete fungi have provided a profound view of the plant-biomass-degrading potential of wood-rotting, litter-decomposing, plant-pathogenic, and ectomycorrhizal (ECM) basidiomycetes. This review summarizes the current knowledge on plant polysaccharide depolymerization by basidiomycete species from diverse habitats. In addition, these data are compared to those for the most broadly studied ascomycete genus, Aspergillus, to provide insight into specific features of basidiomycetes with respect to plant polysaccharide degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Rytioja
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristiina Hildén
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jennifer Yuzon
- Fungal Physiology, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Annele Hatakka
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ronald P de Vries
- Fungal Physiology, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Miia R Mäkelä
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Wang J, Zeng D, Mai G, Liu G, Yu S. Homologous constitutive expression of Xyn III in Trichoderma reesei QM9414 and its characterization. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013; 59:229-33. [PMID: 24178623 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-013-0288-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Xylanase III (Xyn III), a specific endoxylanase that belongs to family 10 of the glycoside hydrolases, was overexpressed in Trichoderma reesei QM9414 using a constitutive strong promoter of the gene encoding pyruvate decarboxylase (pdc). The maximum recombinant xylanase activity achieved was 817.2 ± 65.2 U/mL in the transformant fermentation liquid. The productivities of Xyn III accounted for approximately 53% of the total protein secreted by the recombinant. The enzyme was optimally active at 60 °C and pH 6. The recombinant Xyn III was stable at pH 5-8. This is the first report on the homologous expression of xyn3 in T. reesei QM9414. The properties of Xyn III make it promising in a variety of industrial use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, People's Republic of China,
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Wang TY, Huang CJ, Chen HL, Ho PC, Ke HM, Cho HY, Ruan SK, Hung KY, Wang IL, Cai YW, Sung HM, Li WH, Shih MC. Systematic screening of glycosylation- and trafficking-associated gene knockouts in Saccharomyces cerevisiae identifies mutants with improved heterologous exocellulase activity and host secretion. BMC Biotechnol 2013; 13:71. [PMID: 24004614 PMCID: PMC3766678 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-13-71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As a strong fermentator, Saccharomyces cerevisiae has the potential to be an excellent host for ethanol production by consolidated bioprocessing. For this purpose, it is necessary to transform cellulose genes into the yeast genome because it contains no cellulose genes. However, heterologous protein expression in S. cerevisiae often suffers from hyper-glycosylation and/or poor secretion. Thus, there is a need to genetically engineer the yeast to reduce its glycosylation strength and to increase its secretion ability. Results Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene-knockout strains were screened for improved extracellular activity of a recombinant exocellulase (PCX) from the cellulose digesting fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Knockout mutants of 47 glycosylation-related genes and 10 protein-trafficking-related genes were transformed with a PCX expression construct and screened for extracellular cellulase activity. Twelve of the screened mutants were found to have a more than 2-fold increase in extracellular PCX activity in comparison with the wild type. The extracellular PCX activities in the glycosylation-related mnn10 and pmt5 null mutants were, respectively, 6 and 4 times higher than that of the wild type; and the extracellular PCX activities in 9 protein-trafficking-related mutants, especially in the chc1, clc1 and vps21 null mutants, were at least 1.5 times higher than the parental strains. Site-directed mutagenesis studies further revealed that the degree of N-glycosylation also plays an important role in heterologous cellulase activity in S. cerevisiae. Conclusions Systematic screening of knockout mutants of glycosylation- and protein trafficking-associated genes in S. cerevisiae revealed that: (1) blocking Golgi-to-endosome transport may force S. cerevisiae to export cellulases; and (2) both over- and under-glycosylation may alter the enzyme activity of cellulases. This systematic gene-knockout screening approach may serve as a convenient means for increasing the extracellular activities of recombinant proteins expressed in S. cerevisiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzi-Yuan Wang
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
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Characterization of a recombinant bifunctional xylosidase/arabinofuranosidase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium. J Biosci Bioeng 2013; 116:152-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2013.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Huy ND, Thiyagarajan S, Kim DH, Park SM. Cloning and characterization of a novel bifunctional acetyl xylan esterase with carbohydrate binding module from Phanerochaete chrysosporium. J Biosci Bioeng 2013; 115:507-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2012.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2012] [Revised: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Huy ND, Thiyagarajan S, Choi YE, Kim DH, Park SM. Cloning and characterization of a thermostable endo-arabinanase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium and its synergistic action with endo-xylanase. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2013; 36:677-85. [PMID: 23361183 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-013-0891-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Putative arabinanase (PcARA) was cloned from cDNA of Phanerochaete chrysosporium. The gene sequencing indicated that PcARA consisted of 939 nucleotides that encodes for 312 amino acid arabinanase-polypeptide chain, including a signal peptide of 19 amino acids. Three-dimensional homology indicated that this enzyme is a five-bladed β-propeller, belonging to glycosidase family 43 and its secondary structure is consisted of 24 β-sheets. The PcARA-cDNA was expressed in Pichia pastoris using pPICZαC. SDS-PAGE of purified arabinanase showed a single band of 33 kDa that is very close to theoretical molecular mass of 33.9 kDa calculated by its amino acid content. Recombinant arabinanase (rPcARA) exhibited maximum activity at pH and temperature of 5.0 and 60 °C, respectively. End-product analysis of debranched arabinan hydrolysis by thin-layer chromatography indicated that rPcARA acted as endo-type. The synergistic action of rPcARA with recombinant xylanase resulted in 72 and 9.3 % release of total soluble sugar of arabinoxylan and NaOH-pretreated barley straw, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Duc Huy
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-752, Korea
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Fu G, Wang Y, Wang D, Zhou C. Cloning, Expression, and Characterization of an GHF 11 Xylanase from Aspergillus niger XZ-3S. Indian J Microbiol 2012; 52:682-8. [PMID: 24293731 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-012-0314-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A xylanase gene (xynZF-2) from the Aspergillus niger XZ-3S was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The coding region of the gene was separated by only one intron with the 68 bp in length. It encoded 225 amino acid residues of a protein with a calculated molecular weight of 24.04 kDa plus a signal peptide of 18 amino acids. The amino acid sequence of the xynZF-2 gene had a high similarity with those of family 11 of glycosyl hydrolases reported from other microorganisms. The mature peptide encoding cDNA was subcloned into pET-28a(+) expression vector. The resultant recombinant plasmid pET-28a-xynZF-2 was transformed into E. coli BL21(DE3), and finally the recombinant strain BL21/xynZF-2 was obtained. A maximum activity of 42.33 U/mg was gained from cellular of E. coli BL21/xynZF-2 induced by IPTG. The optimum temperature and pH for recombinant enzyme which has a good stability in alkaline conditions were 40 °C and 5.0, respectively. Fe(3+) had an active effect on the enzyme obviously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanhua Fu
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, 453003 People's Republic of China
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Zhang F, Chen JJ, Ren WZ, Lin LB, Zhou Y, Zhi XY, Tang SK, Li WJ. Cloning, expression, and characterization of an alkaline thermostable GH11 xylanase from Thermobifida halotolerans YIM 90462T. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 39:1109-16. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-012-1119-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A xylanase gene (thxyn11A) from the Thermobifida halotolerans strain YIM 90462T was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The open reading frame (ORF) of thxyn11A has 1,008 bp encoding a mature xylanase with a high degree of similarity (80 %) to the xylanase from Nocardiopsis dassonvillei subsp. dassonvillei DSM 43111. This enzyme (Thxyn11A) also possesses a glycosyl hydrolases family 11 (GH11) domain and a high isoelectric point (pI = 9.1). However, Thxyn11A varies from most GH11 xylanases, due to its large molecular mass (34 kDa). Recombinant Thxyn11A demonstrated a strong pH and temperature tolerance with a maximum activity at pH 9.0 and 70 °C. Xylotriose, the end-product of xylan hydrolysis by Thxyn11A, serves as a catalyst for hemicellulose pretreatment in industrial applications and can also function as a food source or supplement for enterobacteria. Due to its attractive biochemical properties, Thxyn11A may have potential value in many commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- grid.440773.3 Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology Yunnan University 650091 Kunming People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiu-Jiu Chen
- grid.440773.3 Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology Yunnan University 650091 Kunming People’s Republic of China
- grid.218292.2 000000008571108X Biotechnology Research Center of Kunming University of Science and Technology 650224 Kunming People’s Republic of China
| | - Wan-Zeng Ren
- grid.440773.3 Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology Yunnan University 650091 Kunming People’s Republic of China
| | - Lian-Bing Lin
- grid.218292.2 000000008571108X Biotechnology Research Center of Kunming University of Science and Technology 650224 Kunming People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhou
- grid.410744.2 0000000098833553 Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences 310021 Hangzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yang Zhi
- grid.440773.3 Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology Yunnan University 650091 Kunming People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Kun Tang
- grid.440773.3 Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology Yunnan University 650091 Kunming People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jun Li
- grid.440773.3 Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology Yunnan University 650091 Kunming People’s Republic of China
- grid.9227.e 0000000119573309 Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences 830011 Ürűmqi People’s Republic of China
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