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Dursun N, Gülşen H. Biohydrogen Production from Waste Black Cumin (Nigella Sativa) Extract Liquid. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:282. [PMID: 38534556 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11030282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen creates water during combustion. Therefore, it is expected to be the most promising environmentally friendly energy alternative in the coming years. This study used extract liquid obtained from the waste nigella sativa generated by the black cumin oil industry. The performance of biological hydrogen manufacturing via dark fermentation was investigated in the fluidized bed reactor (FBR) and completely stirred tank reactor (CSTR) under the operation conditions of pH 5.0, 4.0, and 6.0 and a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 36 and 24 h. The performance of hydrogen manufacturing was determined to be good under an organic loading ratio (OLR) of 6.66 g.nigella sativa extract/L and pH 4.0. According to these conditions, the maximum amount of hydrogen in CSTR and FBR was found to be 20.8 and 7.6 mL H2/day, respectively. The operating process of the reactors displayed that a reduction in HRT augmented biohydrogen manufacturing. The work that used mixed culture found that the dominant microbial population at pH 4.0 involved Hydrogenimonas thermophila, Sulfurospirillum carboxydovorans, Sulfurospirillum cavolei, Sulfurospirillum alkalitolerans, and Thiofractor thiocaminus. No research on waste black cumin extract was found in biohydrogen studies, and it was determined that this substrate source is applicable for biological hydrogen manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrin Dursun
- Department of Environmental Health, Ardahan University, 75002 Ardahan, Turkey
- Department of Construction Technologies, Ardahan University, 75002 Ardahan, Turkey
| | - Hakki Gülşen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Harran University, 63190 Sanliurfa, Turkey
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2
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Mohanakrishna G, Pengadeth D. Mixed culture biotechnology and its versatility in dark fermentative hydrogen production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 394:130286. [PMID: 38176598 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Over the years, extensive research has gone into fermentative hydrogen production using pure and mixed cultures from waste biomass with promising results. However, for up-scaling of hydrogen production mixed cultures are more appropriate to overcome the operational difficulties such as a metabolic shift in response to environmental stress, and the need for a sterile environment. Mixed culture biotechnology (MCB) is a robust and stable alternative with efficient waste and wastewater treatment capacity along with co-generation of biohydrogen and platform chemicals. Mixed culture being a diverse group of bacteria with complex metabolic functions would offer a better response to the environmental variations encountered during biohydrogen production. The development of defined mixed cultures with desired functions would help to understand the microbial community dynamics and the keystone species for improved hydrogen production. This review aims to offer an overview of the application of MCB for biohydrogen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunda Mohanakrishna
- Center for Energy and Environment (CEE), School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi 580031, India.
| | - Devu Pengadeth
- Center for Energy and Environment (CEE), School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi 580031, India
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Malovanyy M, Zhuk V, Tymchuk I, Zavoyko B, Grechanik R, Sliusar V, Vronska N, Marakhovska A, Sereda A. Optimal pre-treatment of moderately old landfill leachate at the pilot-scale treatment plant using the combined aerobic biochemical and reagent method. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16695. [PMID: 37274692 PMCID: PMC10238926 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Landfill leachates contain highly concentrated pollutants, and their uncontrolled discharge poses significant risks to the public health and environment. This study validated a pilot-scale two-stage aerobic biochemical and reagent method for the pre-treatment of moderately old landfill leachate at a pilot-scale treatment plant with a capacity of 400 L per day. The kinetic curves of key pollutants were described using two-factor dimensionless exponential equations, allowing for predicting maximally achievable treatment effects during the first aerobic biochemical stage. The optimal duration of aerobic biochemical pre-treatment was determined based on the concept of limiting pollutant content and minimizing operating costs for the two-stage process. Reagent-based leachate pre-treatment using the modified Fenton method was verified in a batch reactor. Optimal concentrations and dosages of reagent solutions, including polyacrylamide, aluminium sulphate, ferrous sulphate, and hydrogen peroxide, were found to comply with Ukrainian regulations for wastewater discharge into sewerage networks. Key pollution indicators of pre-treated leachate, such as NH4+-N (13.4-15.5 mg × L-1), TKN (25.7-30.2 mg × L-1), BODtot (71.8-76.9 mg × L-1), and COD (390-459 mg × L-1), meet the required standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myroslav Malovanyy
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, Viacheslav Chornovil Institute of Sustainable Development, S. Bandera Str. 12, Lviv, 79013, Ukraine
| | - Volodymyr Zhuk
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Systems, S. Bandera Str. 12, Lviv, 79013, Ukraine
| | - Ivan Tymchuk
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, Viacheslav Chornovil Institute of Sustainable Development, S. Bandera Str. 12, Lviv, 79013, Ukraine
| | - Bohdan Zavoyko
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Systems, S. Bandera Str. 12, Lviv, 79013, Ukraine
| | - Ruslan Grechanik
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, Viacheslav Chornovil Institute of Sustainable Development, S. Bandera Str. 12, Lviv, 79013, Ukraine
| | - Vira Sliusar
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, Viacheslav Chornovil Institute of Sustainable Development, S. Bandera Str. 12, Lviv, 79013, Ukraine
| | - Nataliya Vronska
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, Viacheslav Chornovil Institute of Sustainable Development, S. Bandera Str. 12, Lviv, 79013, Ukraine
| | - Anastasiya Marakhovska
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, Viacheslav Chornovil Institute of Sustainable Development, S. Bandera Str. 12, Lviv, 79013, Ukraine
| | - Andriy Sereda
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, Viacheslav Chornovil Institute of Sustainable Development, S. Bandera Str. 12, Lviv, 79013, Ukraine
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Arisht SN, Mahmod SS, Abdul PM, Indera Lutfi AA, Takriff MS, Lay CH, Silvamany H, Sittijunda S, Jahim JM. Enhancing biohydrogen gas production in anaerobic system via comparative chemical pre-treatment on palm oil mill effluent (POME). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 321:115892. [PMID: 35988402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biological hydrogen production using palm oil mill effluent (POME) as a carbon source through dark fermentation process has been suggested to be a promising bioenergy potential and enacts as alternative renewable energy source. Results have indicated that among various 1.5% (w/v) chemical pre-treatments (sodium hydroxide, NaOH; hydrochloric acid, HCl; sulphuric acid, H2SO4; phosphoric acid, H3PO4 and nitric acid, HNO3) on POME, using H3PO4 would generate maximum biohydrogen production of 0.193 mmol/L/h, which corresponded to a yield of 1.51 mol H2/mol TCconsumed with an initial total soluble carbohydrate concentration of 23.52 g/L. Among H3PO4 concentrations (1%-10%), the soluble carbohydrate content and the biohydrogen produced was highest and increased by 1.70-fold and 2.35-fold respectively at 2.5% (w/v), as compared to untreated POME. The batch fermentation maximum hydrogen production rate and yield of 0.208 mmol/L/h and 1.69 mol H2/mol TCconsumed were achieved at optimum pre-treatment conditions of pH 5.5 and thermophilic temperature (60 °C). This study suggests that chemical pre-treatment approaches manage to produce and improve the carbohydrate utilisation process further. Continuous fermentation in CSTR at the optimum conditions produce heightened 1.5-fold biohydrogen yield for 2.5% H3PO4 at 6 h HRT as compared to batch scale. Bacterial community via next-generation sequencing analysis at optimum HRT (6 h) revealed that Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum registered the highest relative frequency of 20.24%. At the class level, Clostridia, Bacilli, Bacteroidia, Thermoanaerobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria were identified as the biohydrogen-producing bacteria in the continuous system. Insightful findings from this study suggest the substantial practical utility of dilute chemical pre-treatment in improving biohydrogen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Narayanan Arisht
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Safa Senan Mahmod
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Peer Mohamed Abdul
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Abdullah Amru Indera Lutfi
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Sobri Takriff
- Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Chyi-How Lay
- Master's Program of Green Energy Science and Technology, Feng Chia University, 40724, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hemavathi Silvamany
- Sime Darby Plantation Research (formerly Known As Sime Darby Research), R&D Centre - Carey Island, Lot 2664 Jalan Pulau Carey, 42960, Pulau Carey, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sureewan Sittijunda
- Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Jamaliah Md Jahim
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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Sreekala AGV, Ismail MHB, Nathan VK. Biotechnological interventions in food waste treatment for obtaining value-added compounds to combat pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:62755-62784. [PMID: 35802320 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21794-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, the globe is facing tremendous effects due to the unnecessary piling of municipal solid waste among which food waste holds a greater portion. This practice not only affects the environment in terms of generating greenhouse gas emissions but when left dumped in landfills will also trigger poverty and malnutrition. This review focuses on the global trend in food waste management strategies involved in the effective utilization of food waste to produce various value-added products in a microbiology aspect, thereby diminishing the negative impacts caused by the unnecessary side effects of non-renewable energy sources. The review also detailed the efficiency of microorganisms in the production of various bio-energies as well. Further, recent attempts to the exploitation of genetically modified microorganisms in producing value-added products were enlisted. This also attempted to address food waste valorization techniques, the combined applications of various processes for an enhanced yield of different compounds, and addressed various challenges. Further, the current challenges involved in various processes and the effective measures to tackle them in the future have been addressed. Thus, the present review has successfully addressed the circular bio-economy in food waste valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Heikal Bin Ismail
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Vinod Kumar Nathan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to Be University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Adesra A, Srivastava VK, Varjani S. Valorization of Dairy Wastes: Integrative Approaches for Value Added Products. Indian J Microbiol 2021; 61:270-278. [PMID: 34294992 PMCID: PMC8263842 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-021-00943-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The era of rapid industrialization succeeded by a shift in organizational focus on research and technology development which has fueled many industries along with the dairy industry to grow at an exponential rate. The dairy industry has achieved remarkable growth in the last decade in India. Waste produced by dairy industry consists of a high organic load thus cannot be discharged untreated. Even though treatment and management of waste are well documented, but the main problem is concerned with sludge produced after treatment. There is a gap in the application of various methods for effective treatment of the waste, hence there is a need for technology-oriented research in this area because of a paradigm shift in perspectives towards sustainable management of waste to recover value added products including energy as energy demand is also rising. Sludge which is generally land spread can also be used for energy generation. This paper discusses the environmental effects of waste generated due to dairy industrial activities; various methods used for the advanced treatment of dairy waste. This review article aims to present and discuss the state-of-art information for recovery of value-added products (single cell protein, biofertilizers, biopolymers and biosurfactants) from dairy waste with emphasis on integration of technologies for environmental sustainability. This paper also includes challenges and future perspectives in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Adesra
- Sankalchand Patel Vidyadham, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat 384 315 India
| | - Vijay Kumar Srivastava
- Sankalchand Patel Vidyadham, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat 384 315 India
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Sankalchand Patel Vidyadham, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat 384 315 India
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382 010 India
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Vinayak V, Khan MJ, Varjani S, Saratale GD, Saratale RG, Bhatia SK. Microbial fuel cells for remediation of environmental pollutants and value addition: Special focus on coupling diatom microbial fuel cells with photocatalytic and photoelectric fuel cells. J Biotechnol 2021; 338:5-19. [PMID: 34245783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
With the advent of global industrialisation and adaptation of smart life there is rise in anthropogenic pollution especially in water. Remediation of the pollutants (such as metals, and dyes) present in industrial effluents is possible via microbes and algae present in the environment. Microbes are used in a microbial fuel cell (MFC) for remediation of various organic and inorganic pollutants. However, for industrial scale application coupling the MFCs with photocatalytic and photoelectric fuel cell has a potential in improving the output of power. It can also be used for remediation of pollutants more expeditiously, conserving fossil fuels, cleaning environment, hence making the coupled hybrid fuel cell to run economically. Furthermore, such MFC inbuilt with algae in living or powder form give additional value addition products like biofuel, polysaccharides, biopolymers, and polyhydroxy alkanoates etc. This review provides bird's eye view on the removal of environmental pollutants by different biological sources like bacteria and algae. The article is focussed on diatoms as potential algae since they are rich source of crude oil and high value added products in a hybrid photocatalytic MFC. It also covers bottle necks, challenges and future in this field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Vinayak
- Diatom Nanoengineering and Metabolism Laboratory (DNM), School of Applied Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, 470003, India
| | - Mohd Jahir Khan
- Diatom Nanoengineering and Metabolism Laboratory (DNM), School of Applied Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, 470003, India
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382 010, India.
| | - Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggido, 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Rijuta Ganesh Saratale
- Research Institute of Biotechnology and Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggido, 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
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Zhao R, Liu J, Feng J, Li X, Li B. Microbial community composition and metabolic functions in landfill leachate from different landfills of China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 767:144861. [PMID: 33422962 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate usually harbors complex microbial communities responsible for the decomposition of municipal solid waste. However, the diversity and metabolic functions of the microbial communities in landfill leachate as well as the factors that influence them are still not well understood. In this study, Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was used to investigate the microbial community composition and metabolic functions in landfill leachate from 11 cities in China. The microbial diversity and structure of different leachate samples exhibited obvious differences. In general, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the three dominant microbial communities among the 26 bacterial phyla identified in landfill leachate, regardless of the geographical locations. Diverse bacterial genera associated with various functions such as cellulolytic bacteria (e.g., Sphaerochaeta and Defluviitoga), acidifying bacteria (e.g., Prevotella and Trichococcus) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (e.g., Desulfuromonas and Desulfobacterium) were detected abundantly in the landfill leachate. Moreover, the archaeal community in all leachate samples was dominated by the orders Methanomicrobiales and Methanosarcinales belonging to the Euryarchaeota phylum. Notably, the archaea-specific primer pair covered more diverse archaeal communities than the universal bacteria-archaea primer pair. Seventeen archaeal genera belonging to acetoclastic, hydrogenotrophic, and methylotrophic methanogens were identified, and the composition of the dominant genera in these samples varied greatly. The canonical correlation analysis indicated that landfill age, electrical conductivity, ammonia nitrogen, and total nitrogen were significantly correlated with the microbial community structure. Based on PICRUSt2, a total of 41 metabolic pathways belonging to six metabolic pathway groups were predicted, and the KEGG pathway Metabolism was the most abundant group across all leachate samples. This study provides an important insight into the composition and functional characteristics of the microbial communities in landfill leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renxin Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Shenzhen Engineering Research Laboratory for Sludge and Food Waste Treatment and Resource Recovery, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jie Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Management and Technology, Shenzhen Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenzhen 518001, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Shenzhen Engineering Research Laboratory for Sludge and Food Waste Treatment and Resource Recovery, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Shenzhen Engineering Research Laboratory for Sludge and Food Waste Treatment and Resource Recovery, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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Integrated use of treated dairy wastewater and agro-residue for Agaricus bisporus mushroom cultivation: Experimental and kinetics studies. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.101940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Cremonez PA, Teleken JG, Weiser Meier TR, Alves HJ. Two-Stage anaerobic digestion in agroindustrial waste treatment: A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 281:111854. [PMID: 33360925 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic digestion is a process widely recognized as an interesting alternative for the treatment and stabilization of residual organic substrates. However, several technical limitations were observed based on the characteristics of the organic matter submitted to the process, such as the presence of high concentrations of soluble sugars or fats. The technology of anaerobic digestion in multiple stages is described as a viable option in the control of variables, optimizing the environmental conditions of the main microorganisms involved in the process, assuring high solid removal and methane production, besides allowing a higher energy yield through the generation of molecular fuel hydrogen. Several studies reviewed the process of anaerobic digestion in multiple stages in the treatment of food waste, although few report its use applied directly to agroindustrial residues. Thus, the present work aims to review the literature evaluating the scenario and viability of the multi-stage anaerobic digestion process applied to agroindustrial effluents. Effluents such as manipueira, vinasse, and dairy wastewater are substrates that present high yields when treated by AD processes with stage separation. The high concentration of easily fermentable sugars results in a high production of molecular hydrogen (co-product of the production of volatile acids in the acid phase) and methane (methanogenic phase). The great challenges related to the development of the sector are focused on the stability of the composition and yield of hydrogen in the acid phase, besides the problems resulting from the treatment of complex residues. Thus, the present study suggests that future works should focus on the technologies of new microorganisms and optimization of process parameters, providing maturation and scale-up of the two-stage anaerobic digestion technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo André Cremonez
- Federal University of Paraná (UFPR-Campus Palotina), 2153 Pioneiro St., Bairro Jardim Dallas, Palotina, PR, 85.950-000, Brazil.
| | - Joel Gustavo Teleken
- Federal University of Paraná (UFPR-Campus Palotina), 2153 Pioneiro St., Bairro Jardim Dallas, Palotina, PR, 85.950-000, Brazil
| | - Thompson Ricardo Weiser Meier
- Federal University of Paraná (UFPR-Campus Palotina), 2153 Pioneiro St., Bairro Jardim Dallas, Palotina, PR, 85.950-000, Brazil
| | - Helton José Alves
- Federal University of Paraná (UFPR-Campus Palotina), 2153 Pioneiro St., Bairro Jardim Dallas, Palotina, PR, 85.950-000, Brazil
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Kumar S, Deswal S. A review on current techniques used in India for rice mill wastewater treatment and emerging techniques with valuable by-products. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:7652-7668. [PMID: 33392991 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11898-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Parboiling rice mills produce a large amount of wastewater. The effluent from the rice mill contains high concentration of organic and inorganic compounds. Continuous discharge of this wastewater from rice mills could be a major cause of eutrophication of the water bodies, leading to a robust and undesirable growth of vegetation and algal bloom. Eutrophication leads to deoxygenation of water bodies, resulting in the mortality of aquatic flora and fauna. It is therefore very important to treat wastewater and ensure safe disposal. There are various types of processes already in existence, but the most important thing is to select a cost-effective technique. Phytoremediation technique has shown promising results for low-income countries like India. It is useful for the small-scale industrial and domestic wastewater treatment. It is a slow process, requiring a large area of land. It is an eco-friendly approach and ideal for rural areas where there is ample land availability. This paper addresses the techniques used by various researchers for rice mill wastewater treatment and also focuses on reusing and recycling of waste from rice mills. The performance of every technique is discussed in detail with its specific advantages and disadvantages. This paper also focuses on the advanced techniques of water treatment with valuable by-products such as silica, activated adsorbent, electricity and methane gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, Haryana, 136119, India.
| | - Surinder Deswal
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, Haryana, 136119, India
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