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Chaikaew S, Watanabe Y, Zheng D, Motojima F, Yamaguchi T, Asano Y. Structure-Based Site-Directed Mutagenesis of Hydroxynitrile Lyase from Cyanogenic Millipede, Oxidus gracilis for Hydrocyanation and Henry Reactions. Chembiochem 2024:e202400118. [PMID: 38526556 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Hydroxynitrile lyase (HNL) from the cyanogenic millipede Oxidus gracillis (OgraHNL) is a crucial enzyme in the cyanogenesis pathway. Here, the crystal structures of OgraHNL complexed with sulfate, benzaldehyde (BA), (R)-mandelonitrile ((R)-Man), (R)-2-chloromandelonitrile ((R)-2-Cl-Man), and acetone cyanohydrin (ACN) were solved at 1.6, 1.7, 2.3, 2.1, and 2.0 Å resolutions, respectively. The structure of OgraHNL revealed that it belonged to the lipocalin superfamily. Based on this structure, positive variants were designed to further improve the catalytic activity and enantioselectivity of the enzyme for asymmetric hydrocyanation and Henry reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriporn Chaikaew
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
- Asano Active Enzyme Molecule Project, ERATO, JST
| | - Yukio Watanabe
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
| | - Daijun Zheng
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
- Asano Active Enzyme Molecule Project, ERATO, JST
| | - Fumihiro Motojima
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
- Asano Active Enzyme Molecule Project, ERATO, JST
| | - Takuya Yamaguchi
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
- Asano Active Enzyme Molecule Project, ERATO, JST
| | - Yasuhisa Asano
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0398, Japan
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2
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Wang L, Zhang M, Teng H, Wang Z, Wang S, Li P, Wu J, Yang L, Xu G. Rationally introducing non-canonical amino acids to enhance catalytic activity of LmrR for Henry reaction. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2024; 11:26. [PMID: 38647789 PMCID: PMC10992053 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-024-00744-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of enzymes to catalyze Henry reaction has advantages of mild reaction conditions and low contamination, but low enzyme activity of promiscuous catalysis limits its application. Here, rational design was first performed to identify the key amino acid residues in Henry reaction catalyzed by Lactococcal multidrug resistance Regulator (LmrR). Further, non-canonical amino acids were introduced into LmrR, successfully obtaining variants that enhanced the catalytic activity of LmrR. The best variant, V15CNF, showed a 184% increase in enzyme activity compared to the wild type, and was 1.92 times more effective than the optimal natural amino acid variant, V15F. Additionally, this variant had a broad substrate spectrum, capable of catalyzing reactions between various aromatic aldehydes and nitromethane, with product yielded ranging from 55 to 99%. This study improved enzymatic catalytic activity by enhancing affinity between the enzyme and substrates, while breaking limited types of natural amino acid residues by introducing non-canonical amino acids into the enzyme, providing strategies for molecular modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Wang
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengting Zhang
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haidong Teng
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Huadong Medicine Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 310011, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shulin Wang
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianping Wu
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lirong Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China.
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Priya BV, Rao DHS, Chatterjee A, Padhi SK. Hydroxynitrile lyase engineering for promiscuous asymmetric Henry reaction with enhanced conversion, enantioselectivity and catalytic efficiency. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:12274-12277. [PMID: 37750925 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc02837b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana hydroxynitrile lyase (AtHNL) engineering has uncovered variants that showed up to 12-fold improved catalytic efficiency than the wild-type towards asymmetric Henry reaction. The AtHNL variants have displayed excellent enantioselectivity, up to >99%, and higher conversion in the synthesis of 13 different (R)-β-nitroalcohols from their corresponding aldehydes. Using cell lysates of Y14M/F179W, we demonstrated a preparative scale synthesis of (R)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-nitroethanol, a tembamide chiral intermediate, in >99% ee and 52% yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badipatla Vishnu Priya
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, 500046, Hyderabad, India.
| | - D H Sreenivasa Rao
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, 500046, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Ayon Chatterjee
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, 500046, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Santosh Kumar Padhi
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, 500046, Hyderabad, India.
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Müller M, Germer P, Andexer JN. Biocatalytic One-Carbon Transfer – A Review. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1719884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis review provides an overview of different C1 building blocks as substrates of enzymes, or part of their cofactors, and the resulting functionalized products. There is an emphasis on the broad range of possibilities of biocatalytic one-carbon extensions with C1 sources of different oxidation states. The identification of uncommon biosynthetic strategies, many of which might serve as templates for synthetic or biotechnological applications, towards one-carbon extensions is supported by recent genomic and metabolomic progress and hence we refer principally to literature spanning from 2014 to 2020.1 Introduction2 Methane, Methanol, and Methylamine3 Glycine4 Nitromethane5 SAM and SAM Ylide6 Other C1 Building Blocks7 Formaldehyde and Glyoxylate as Formaldehyde Equivalents8 Cyanide9 Formic Acid10 Formyl-CoA and Oxalyl-CoA11 Carbon Monoxide12 Carbon Dioxide13 Conclusions
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Batch and Flow Nitroaldol Synthesis Catalysed by Granulicella tundricola Hydroxynitrile Lyase Immobilised on Celite R-633. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12020161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulicella tundricola hydroxynitrile lyase (GtHNL) catalyses the synthesis of chiral (R)-cyanohydrins and (R)-β-nitro alcohols. The triple variant GtHNL-A40H/V42T/Q110H (GtHNL-3V) was immobilised on Celite R-633 and used in monophasic MTBE saturated with 100 mM KPi buffer pH 7 for the synthesis of (R)-2-nitro-1-phenylethanol (NPE) in batch and continuous flow systems. Nitromethane was used as a nucleophile. A total of 82% of (R)-NPE and excellent enantioselectivity (>99%) were achieved in the batch system after 24 hours of reaction time. GtHNL-3V on Celite R-633 was successfully recycled five times. During more recycling steps a significant decrease in yield was observed while the enantioselectivity remained excellent over eight cycles. The use of a flow system enabled the continuous synthesis of (R)-NPE. A total of 15% formation of (R)-NPE was reached using a flow rate of 0.1 mL min−1; unfortunately, the enzyme was not stable, and the yield decreased to 4% after 4 hours on stream. A similar yield was observed during 15 hours at a rate of 0.01 mL min−1. Surprisingly the use of a continuous flow system did not facilitate the process intensification. In fact, the batch system displayed a space-time-yield (STY/mgenzyme) of 0.10 g L−1 h−1 mgenzyme−1 whereas the flow system displayed 0.02 and 0.003 g L−1 h−1 mgenzyme−1 at 0.1 and 0.01 mL min−1, respectively. In general, the addition of 1 M nitromethane potentially changed the polarity of the reaction mixture affecting the stability of Celite-GtHNL-3V. The nature of the batch system maintained the reaction conditions better than the flow system. The higher yield and productivity observed for the batch system show that it is a superior system for the synthesis of (R)-NPE compared with the flow approach.
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Vishnu Priya B, Sreenivasa Rao DH, Gilani R, Lata S, Rai N, Akif M, Kumar Padhi S. Enzyme engineering improves catalytic efficiency and enantioselectivity of hydroxynitrile lyase for promiscuous retro-nitroaldolase activity. Bioorg Chem 2022; 120:105594. [PMID: 35007952 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Protein engineering to improve promiscuous catalytic activity is important for biocatalytic application of enzymes in green synthesis. We uncovered the significance of binding site residues in Arabidopsis thaliana hydroxynitrile lyase (AtHNL) for promiscuous retro-nitroaldolase activity. Engineering of AtHNL has improved enantioselective retro-nitroaldolase activity, a synthetically important biotransformation, for the production of enantiopure β-nitroalcohols having absolute configuration opposite to that of the stereopreference of the HNL. The variant F179A has shown ∼ 12 fold increased selectivity towards the retro-nitroaldol reaction over cyanogenesis, the natural activity of the parent enzyme. Screening of the two saturation libraries of Phe179 and Tyr14 revealed several variants with higher kcat, while F179N showed ∼ 2.4-fold kcat/Km than the native enzyme towards retro-nitroaldol reaction. Variants F179N, F179M, F179W, F179V, F179I, Y14L, and Y14M have shown > 99% ee in the preparation of (S)-2-nitro-1-phenylethanol (NPE) from the racemic substrate, while F179N has shown the E value of 138 vs. 81 by the wild type. Our molecular docking and dynamics simulations (MDS) studies results provided insights into the molecular basis of higher enantioselectivity by the F179N toward the retro-nitroaldolase activity than the other mutants. Binding energy calculations also showed the higher negative binding free energy in the case of F179N-(R)-NPE compared to other complexes that support our experimental low Km by the F179N for NPE. A plausible retro-nitroaldol reaction mechanism was proposed based on the MDS study of enzyme-substrate interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badipatla Vishnu Priya
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - D H Sreenivasa Rao
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - Rubina Gilani
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - Surabhi Lata
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - Nivedita Rai
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - Mohd Akif
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Padhi
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India.
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Chatterjee A, Rao DHS, Kumar Padhi S. One‐Pot Enzyme Cascade Catalyzed Asymmetrization of Primary Alcohols: Synthesis of Enantiocomplementary Chiral β‐Nitroalcohols. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayon Chatterjee
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory Department of Biochemistry School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad 500 046 Hyderabad India
| | - D. H. Sreenivasa Rao
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory Department of Biochemistry School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad 500 046 Hyderabad India
| | - Santosh Kumar Padhi
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory Department of Biochemistry School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad 500 046 Hyderabad India
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8
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Hall M. Enzymatic strategies for asymmetric synthesis. RSC Chem Biol 2021; 2:958-989. [PMID: 34458820 PMCID: PMC8341948 DOI: 10.1039/d1cb00080b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymes, at the turn of the 21st century, are gaining a momentum. Especially in the field of synthetic organic chemistry, a broad variety of biocatalysts are being applied in an increasing number of processes running at up to industrial scale. In addition to the advantages of employing enzymes under environmentally friendly reaction conditions, synthetic chemists are recognizing the value of enzymes connected to the exquisite selectivity of these natural (or engineered) catalysts. The use of hydrolases in enantioselective protocols paved the way to the application of enzymes in asymmetric synthesis, in particular in the context of biocatalytic (dynamic) kinetic resolutions. After two decades of impressive development, the field is now mature to propose a panel of catalytically diverse enzymes for (i) stereoselective reactions with prochiral compounds, such as double bond reduction and bond forming reactions, (ii) formal enantioselective replacement of one of two enantiotopic groups of prochiral substrates, as well as (iii) atroposelective reactions with noncentrally chiral compounds. In this review, the major enzymatic strategies broadly applicable in the asymmetric synthesis of optically pure chiral compounds are presented, with a focus on the reactions developed within the past decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Hall
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth - University of Graz Austria
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9
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Rao DHS, Chatterjee A, Padhi SK. Biocatalytic approaches for enantio and diastereoselective synthesis of chiral β-nitroalcohols. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:322-337. [PMID: 33325956 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02019b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chiral β-nitroalcohols find significant application in organic synthesis due to the versatile reactivity of hydroxyl and nitro functionalities attached to one or two vicinal asymmetric centers. They are key building blocks of several important pharmaceuticals, bioactive molecules, and fine chemicals. With the growing demand to develop clean and green methods for their synthesis, biocatalytic methods have gained tremendous importance among the existing asymmetric synthesis routes. Over the years, different biocatalytic strategies for the asymmetric synthesis of β-nitroalcohol stereoisomers have been developed. They can be majorly classified as (a) kinetic resolution, (b) dynamic kinetic resolution, (c) Henry reaction, (d) retro-Henry reaction, (e) asymmetric reduction, and (f) enantioselective epoxide ring-opening. This review aims to provide an overview of the above biocatalytic strategies, and their comparison along with future prospects. Essentially, it presents an enzyme-toolbox for the asymmetric synthesis of β-nitroalcohol enantiomers and diastereomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Sreenivasa Rao
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad - 500 046, India.
| | - Ayon Chatterjee
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad - 500 046, India.
| | - Santosh Kumar Padhi
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad - 500 046, India.
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Rao DHS, Shivani K, Padhi SK. Immobilized Arabidopsis thaliana Hydroxynitrile Lyase-Catalyzed Retro-Henry Reaction in the Synthesis of (S)-β-Nitroalcohols. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 193:560-576. [PMID: 33044692 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03442-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Enantiopure β-nitroalcohols are versatile intermediates used in the synthesis of important pharmaceuticals and chiral synthons. In this article, immobilized Arabidopsis thaliana HNL (AtHNL)-catalyzed preparation of (S)-β-nitroalcohols from their racemic mixtures via retro-Henry reaction was studied. AtHNL used in biocatalysis was immobilized by physical adsorption in inexpensive celite®545. Under optimized biocatalytic conditions, the total turnover number of the catalyst has improved 2.3-fold for (S)-2-nitro-1-phenylethanol (NPE) synthesis, than free enzyme catalysis. This study reported for the first time celite-AtHNL-catalyzed retro-Henry reaction at low pH. At pH 4.5 and 5.0, 62% ee and 41% conversion, and 97% ee and 42% conversion of (S)-NPE were obtained respectively, while the free enzyme inactivates at pH < 5.0. The increased catalytic efficiency and pH stability of the catalyst could be possibly due to increased stability of AtHNL by immobilization. A dozen of racemic β-nitroalcohols were converted into their corresponding (S)-β-nitroalcohols using this reaction; among them, eight were not tested earlier. The immobilized enzyme has showed broad substrate selectivity in the retro-Henry reaction, and products were obtained up to 98.5% ee.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Sreenivasa Rao
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Kummari Shivani
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Padhi
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India.
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Yu T, Yin Y, Ge Y, Cheng S, Zhang X, Feng Z, Zhang J. Enzymatic production of 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde by oxidation of the amino group of tyramine with a recombinant primary amine oxidase. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Tomescu MS, Davids D, DuPlessis M, Darnhofer B, Birner-Gruenberger R, Archer R, Schwendenwein D, Thallinger G, Winkler M, Rumbold K. High-throughput in-field bioprospecting for cyanogenic plants and hydroxynitrile lyases. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2020.1726895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. S. Tomescu
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - D. Davids
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - M. DuPlessis
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - B. Darnhofer
- ACIB GmbH, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Omics Center Graz, BioTechMed, Graz, Austria
| | - R. Birner-Gruenberger
- ACIB GmbH, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Omics Center Graz, BioTechMed, Graz, Austria
| | - R. Archer
- National Herbarium, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | | | - M. Winkler
- ACIB GmbH, Graz, Austria
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - K. Rumbold
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Janicki I, Łyżwa P, Kiełbasiński P. The first enzyme-promoted addition of nitromethane to imines (aza-Henry reaction). Bioorg Chem 2019; 94:103377. [PMID: 31662211 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme catalytic promiscuity is the ability of a single enzyme active site to catalyze several chemical transformations, among them those which are different from natural. We have attempted to use this feature of enzymes in the nucleophilic addition of nitromethane to aldimines (the aza-Henry reaction) whose chemically catalyzed version leads to synthetically useful β-nitroamines. We succeded in obtaining for the first time the desired products in the yields up to 81%. The most efficient proved lipase TL (from Pseudomonas stutzeri) and oxynitrilase from Arabidopsis thaliana. However, all the reactions investigated were non-stereoselective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacy Janicki
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland
| | - Piotr Łyżwa
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland
| | - Piotr Kiełbasiński
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland.
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Highly efficient asymmetric reduction of 2-octanone in biphasic system by immobilized Acetobacter sp. CCTCC M209061 cells. J Biotechnol 2019; 299:37-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Rao DHS, Padhi SK. Production of (S)-β-Nitro Alcohols by Enantioselective C-C Bond Cleavage with an R-Selective Hydroxynitrile Lyase. Chembiochem 2019; 20:371-378. [PMID: 30411458 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxynitrile lyase (HNL)-catalysed stereoselective synthesis of β-nitro alcohols from aldehydes and nitroalkanes is considered an efficient biocatalytic approach. However, only one S-selective HNL-Hevea brasiliensis (HbHNL)-exists that is appropriate for the synthesis of (S)-β-nitro alcohols from the corresponding aldehydes. Further, synthesis catalysed by HbHNL is limited by low specific activity and moderate yields. We have prepared a number of (S)-β-nitro alcohols, by kinetic resolution with the aid of an R-selective HNL from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtHNL). Optimization of the reaction conditions for AtHNL-catalysed stereoselective C-C bond cleavage of racemic 2-nitro-1-phenylethanol (NPE) produced (S)-NPE (together with benzaldehyde and nitromethane, largely from the R enantiomer) in up to 99 % ee and with 47 % conversion. This is the fastest HNL-catalysed route known so far for the synthesis of a series of (S)-β-nitro alcohols. This approach widens the application of AtHNL for the synthesis not only of (R)- but also of (S)-β-nitro alcohols from the appropriate substrates. Without the need for the discovery of a new enzyme, but rather by use of a retro-Henry approach, it was used to generate a number of (S)-β-nitro alcohols by taking advantage of the substrate selectivity of AtHNL.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Sreenivasa Rao
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500 046, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Padhi
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500 046, India
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16
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Jangir N, Sangoji D, Padhi SK. Baliospermum montanum hydroxynitrile lyase catalyzed synthesis of chiral cyanohydrins in a biphasic solvent. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Biocatalytic Approach to Chiral β-Nitroalcohols by Enantioselective Alcohol Dehydrogenase-Mediated Reduction of α-Nitroketones. Catalysts 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/catal8080308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral β-nitroalcohols are important building blocks in organic chemistry. The synthetic approach that is based on the enzyme-mediated reduction of α-nitroketones has been scarcely considered. In this work, the use of commercial alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) for the reduction of aromatic and aliphatic nitroketones is investigated. High conversions and enantioselectivities can be achieved with two specific ADHs, affording either the (S) or (R)-enantiomer of the corresponding nitroalcohols. The reaction conditions are carefully tuned to preserve the stability of the reduced product, and to avoid the hydrolytic degradation of the starting substrate. The further manipulation of the enantioenriched nitroalcohols into Boc-protected amminoalcohols is also described.
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18
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Nitrile Metabolizing Enzymes in Biocatalysis and Biotransformation. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 185:925-946. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-2705-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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Gupta P, Mahajan N. Biocatalytic approaches towards the stereoselective synthesis of vicinal amino alcohols. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj00485d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The global need for clean manufacturing technologies and the management of hazardous chemicals and waste present new research challenges to both chemistry and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Gupta
- Department of Chemistry
- Govt. Degree College Kathua
- University of Jammu
- Higher Education Department
- India
| | - Neha Mahajan
- Department of Biotechnology
- Govt. Degree College Kathua
- University of Jammu
- Higher Education Department
- India
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20
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Sarmah M, Mondal M, Bora U. Agro-Waste Extract Based Solvents: Emergence of Novel Green Solvent for the Design of Sustainable Processes in Catalysis and Organic Chemistry. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manashi Sarmah
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Tezpur University; Tezpur 784 028, Assam India
| | - Manoj Mondal
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Tezpur University; Tezpur 784 028, Assam India
| | - Utpal Bora
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Tezpur University; Tezpur 784 028, Assam India
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Padhi SK. Modern Approaches to Discovering New Hydroxynitrile Lyases for Biocatalysis. Chembiochem 2016; 18:152-160. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar Padhi
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory; Department of Biochemistry; School of Life Sciences; University of Hyderabad; Hyderabad 500 046 India
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22
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Steiner K, Bekerle-Bogner M, Maitz S, Trunk S, Gruber-Khadjawi M, Wiedner R, Schwab H. (R)-selective nitroaldol reaction catalysed by metal-dependent bacterial hydroxynitrile lyases. N Biotechnol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2016.06.941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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23
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Bekerle-Bogner M, Gruber-Khadjawi M, Wiltsche H, Wiedner R, Schwab H, Steiner K. (R)-Selective Nitroaldol Reaction Catalyzed by Metal-Dependent Bacterial Hydroxynitrile Lyases. ChemCatChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201600150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Myria Bekerle-Bogner
- ACIB, Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology GmbH; Petersgasse 14 8010 Graz Austria
| | | | - Helmar Wiltsche
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food chemistry; Graz University of Technology; Stremayrgasse 9/III 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Romana Wiedner
- ACIB, Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology GmbH; Petersgasse 14 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Helmut Schwab
- ACIB, Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology GmbH; Petersgasse 14 8010 Graz Austria
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology; Graz University of Technology; Petersgasse 14 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Kerstin Steiner
- ACIB, Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology GmbH; Petersgasse 14 8010 Graz Austria
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25
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Devamani T, Rauwerdink AM, Lun-zer M, Jones BJ, Mooney JL, Tan MAO, Zhang ZJ, Xu JH, Dean AM, Kazlauskas RJ. Catalytic Promiscuity of Ancestral Esterases and Hydroxynitrile Lyases. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:1046-56. [PMID: 26736133 PMCID: PMC5466365 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b12209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic promiscuity is a useful, but accidental, enzyme property, so finding catalytically promiscuous enzymes in nature is inefficient. Some ancestral enzymes were branch points in the evolution of new enzymes and are hypothesized to have been promiscuous. To test the hypothesis that ancestral enzymes were more promiscuous than their modern descendants, we reconstructed ancestral enzymes at four branch points in the divergence hydroxynitrile lyases (HNL's) from esterases ∼ 100 million years ago. Both enzyme types are α/β-hydrolase-fold enzymes and have the same catalytic triad, but differ in reaction type and mechanism. Esterases catalyze hydrolysis via an acyl enzyme intermediate, while lyases catalyze an elimination without an intermediate. Screening ancestral enzymes and their modern descendants with six esterase substrates and six lyase substrates found higher catalytic promiscuity among the ancestral enzymes (P < 0.01). Ancestral esterases were more likely to catalyze a lyase reaction than modern esterases, and the ancestral HNL was more likely to catalyze ester hydrolysis than modern HNL's. One ancestral enzyme (HNL1) along the path from esterase to hydroxynitrile lyases was especially promiscuous and catalyzed both hydrolysis and lyase reactions with many substrates. A broader screen tested mechanistically related reactions that were not selected for by evolution: decarboxylation, Michael addition, γ-lactam hydrolysis and 1,5-diketone hydrolysis. The ancestral enzymes were more promiscuous than their modern descendants (P = 0.04). Thus, these reconstructed ancestral enzymes are catalytically promiscuous, but HNL1 is especially so.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titu Devamani
- University of Minnesota, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics and The Biotechnology Institute, 1479 Gortner Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108 USA
| | - Alissa M. Rauwerdink
- University of Minnesota, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics and The Biotechnology Institute, 1479 Gortner Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108 USA
| | - Mark Lun-zer
- University of Minnesota, Department of Ecology, Evolution & Behavior and The Biotechnology Institute, 1479 Gortner Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108 USA
| | - Bryan J. Jones
- University of Minnesota, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics and The Biotechnology Institute, 1479 Gortner Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108 USA
| | - Joanna L. Mooney
- University of Minnesota, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics and The Biotechnology Institute, 1479 Gortner Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108 USA
| | | | - Zhi-Jun Zhang
- East China University of Science and Technology, School of Biotechnology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Jian-He Xu
- East China University of Science and Technology, School of Biotechnology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Antony M. Dean
- University of Minnesota, Department of Ecology, Evolution & Behavior and The Biotechnology Institute, 1479 Gortner Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108 USA
- Sun Yat-sen University, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, No.135, Xinggang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275 P. R. China
| | - Romas J. Kazlauskas
- University of Minnesota, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics and The Biotechnology Institute, 1479 Gortner Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108 USA
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van Rantwijk F, Stolz A. Enzymatic cascade synthesis of (S)-2-hydroxycarboxylic amides and acids: Cascade reactions employing a hydroxynitrile lyase, nitrile-converting enzymes and an amidase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2014.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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27
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Recent developments in enzyme promiscuity for carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2015; 25:115-23. [PMID: 25598537 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2014.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Numerous enzymes have been found to catalyze additional and completely different types of reactions relative to the natural activity they evolved for. This phenomenon, called catalytic promiscuity, has proven to be a fruitful guide for the development of novel biocatalysts for organic synthesis purposes. As such, enzymes have been identified with promiscuous catalytic activity for, one or more, eminent types of carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions like aldol couplings, Michael(-type) additions, Mannich reactions, Henry reactions, and Knoevenagel condensations. This review focuses on enzymes that promiscuously catalyze these reaction types and exhibit high enantioselectivities (in case chiral products are obtained).
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28
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Venkataraman S, Chadha A. Enantio- & chemo-selective preparation of enantiomerically enriched aliphatic nitro alcohols using Candida parapsilosis ATCC 7330. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra13593a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Enantiomerically pure β- and γ-nitro alcohols were prepared from their respective nitro ketones by asymmetric reduction using Candida parapsilosis ATCC 7330 under optimized reaction conditions (ee up to >99%; yields up to 76%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sowmyalakshmi Venkataraman
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry
- Department of Biotechnology
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai 600 036
- India
| | - Anju Chadha
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry
- Department of Biotechnology
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai 600 036
- India
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29
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Matsumoto K, Asakura S. Albumin-mediated asymmetric nitroaldol reaction of aromatic aldehydes with nitromethane in water. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.10.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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30
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Zou SP, Zheng YG, Du EH, Hu ZC. Enhancement of (S)-2,3-dichloro-1-propanol production by recombinant whole-cell biocatalyst in n-heptane–aqueous biphasic system. J Biotechnol 2014; 188:42-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Enzymatic resolution of epichlorohydrin catalyzed by whole cells in an organic solvent/buffer biphasic system. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(12)60576-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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32
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Li X, Li Y, Rao Y, Solomon MR, Paik DC, Turro NJ. Mechanistic and Catalytic Studies of β-Nitroalcohol Crosslinking with Polyamine. J Appl Polym Sci 2013; 128:3696-3701. [PMID: 24596431 PMCID: PMC3939017 DOI: 10.1002/app.38604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
β-Nitroalcohols (βNAs) are promising corneoscleral crosslinking agents for the treatment of diseases such as keratoconus and myopia. Although it is believed that formaldehyde is released from the crosslinking reactions of βNAs, the mechanism by which βNAs react with amine-functionalized polymers has yet to be known. In this study, we present the reaction mechanism of the βNA crosslinking. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data provide strong evidence that formaldehyde is released during the reaction. Catalytic studies show that sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and salmon testes DNA accelerate the reaction while hydroxynitrile lyase from Arabidopsis thaliana decelerates the crosslinking reaction. These results suggest that βNAs are potential self-administered crosslinking agents for future clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027
| | - Yongjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027
| | - Yi Rao
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027
| | - Marissa R Solomon
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027
| | - David C Paik
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
| | - Nicholas J Turro
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027
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33
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Torrelo G, Jin J, Hanefeld U. Hydroxynitrile Lyases Do Not Catalyse the Promiscuous Addition of Cyanide to Imines. ChemCatChem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201200804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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34
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35
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Andexer JN, Staunig N, Eggert T, Kratky C, Pohl M, Gruber K. Hydroxynitrile lyases with α/β-hydrolase fold: two enzymes with almost identical 3D structures but opposite enantioselectivities and different reaction mechanisms. Chembiochem 2012; 13:1932-9. [PMID: 22851196 PMCID: PMC3444685 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201200239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxynitrile lyases (HNLs) catalyze the cleavage of cyanohydrins to yield hydrocyanic acid (HCN) and the respective carbonyl compound and are key enzymes in the process of cyanogenesis in plants. In organic syntheses, HNLs are used as biocatalysts for the formation of enantiopure cyanohydrins. We determined the structure of the recently identified, R-selective HNL from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtHNL) at a crystallographic resolution of 2.5 Å. The structure exhibits an α/β-hydrolase fold, very similar to the homologous, but S-selective, HNL from Hevea brasiliensis (HbHNL). The similarities also extend to the active sites of these enzymes, with a Ser-His-Asp catalytic triad present in all three cases. In order to elucidate the mode of substrate binding and to understand the unexpected opposite enantioselectivity of AtHNL, complexes of the enzyme with both (R)- and (S)-mandelonitrile were modeled using molecular docking simulations. Compared to the complex of HbHNL with (S)-mandelonitrile, the calculations produced an approximate mirror image binding mode of the substrate with the phenyl rings located at very similar positions, but with the cyano groups pointing in opposite directions. A catalytic mechanism for AtHNL is proposed, in which His236 from the catalytic triad acts as a general base and the emerging negative charge on the cyano group is stabilized by main-chain amide groups and an α-helix dipole very similar to α/β-hydrolases. This mechanistic proposal is additionally supported by mutagenesis studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N Andexer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs-University FreiburgAlbertstrasse 25, 79104 Freiburg (Germany)
| | - Nicole Staunig
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of GrazHumboldtstrasse 50/3, 8010 Graz (Austria) E-mail:
| | | | - Christoph Kratky
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of GrazHumboldtstrasse 50/3, 8010 Graz (Austria) E-mail:
| | - Martina Pohl
- IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH52425 Jülich (Germany)
| | - Karl Gruber
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of GrazHumboldtstrasse 50/3, 8010 Graz (Austria) E-mail:
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Qin DD, Lai WH, Hu D, Chen Z, Wu AA, Ruan YP, Zhou ZH, Chen HB. Highly Enantioselective Henry Reactions of Aromatic Aldehydes Catalyzed by an Amino Alcohol-Copper(II) Complex. Chemistry 2012; 18:10515-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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37
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Milner SE, Moody TS, Maguire AR. Biocatalytic Approaches to the Henry (Nitroaldol) Reaction. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201101840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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38
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Xie BH, Guan Z, He YH. Biocatalytic Knoevenagel reaction using alkaline protease fromBacillus licheniformis. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2012. [DOI: 10.3109/10242422.2012.662961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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39
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Fuhshuku KI, Asano Y. Organic Synthesis Catalyzed by Plant Enzyme Hydroxynitrile Lyase. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2012. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.70.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken-ichi Fuhshuku
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University
| | - Yasuhisa Asano
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University
- JST, ERATO
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40
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Dadashipour M, Asano Y. Hydroxynitrile Lyases: Insights into Biochemistry, Discovery, and Engineering. ACS Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/cs200325q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Dadashipour
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Asano
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
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