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Setyo Utomo DI, Suhaimi H, Muhammad Azami NA, Azmi F, Mohd Amin MCI, Xu J. An Overview of Recent Developments in the Application of Antigen Displaying Vaccine Platforms: Hints for Future SARS-CoV-2 VLP Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1506. [PMID: 37766182 PMCID: PMC10536610 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11091506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, a great effort has been devoted to studying attenuated and subunit vaccine development against SARS-CoV-2 since its outbreak in December 2019. It is known that diverse virus-like particles (VLPs) are extensively employed as carriers to display various antigenic and immunostimulatory cargo modules for vaccine development. Single or multiple antigens or antigenic domains such as the spike or nucleocapsid protein or their variants from SARS-CoV-2 could also be incorporated into VLPs via either a genetic or chemical display approach. Such antigen display platforms would help screen safer and more effective vaccine candidates capable of generating a strong immune response with or without adjuvant. This review aims to provide valuable insights for the future development of SARS-CoV-2 VLP vaccines by summarizing the latest updates and perspectives on the vaccine development of VLP platforms for genetic and chemical displaying antigens from SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doddy Irawan Setyo Utomo
- Research Center for Vaccine and Drug, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Gedung 611, LAPTIAB, KST Habibie, Serpong, Tangerang Selatan 15314, Indonesia;
| | - Hamizah Suhaimi
- Centre of Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (H.S.); (F.A.); (M.C.I.M.A.)
| | - Nor Azila Muhammad Azami
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Fazren Azmi
- Centre of Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (H.S.); (F.A.); (M.C.I.M.A.)
| | - Mohd Cairul Iqbal Mohd Amin
- Centre of Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (H.S.); (F.A.); (M.C.I.M.A.)
| | - Jian Xu
- Laboratory of Biology and Information Science, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
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Xu J, Hiramatsu R, Suhaimi H, Kato T, Fujimoto A, Tokiwa T, Ike K, Park EY. Neospora caninum antigens displaying virus-like particles as a bivalent vaccine candidate against neosporosis. Vaccine 2019; 37:6426-6434. [PMID: 31515150 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Neospora caninum is a causative and transmissible agent of dog and bovine neosporosis. The resulting reproductive failures in infected cattle lead to significant economic losses worldwide. However, there is no satisfactory treatment or vaccine currently available to combat this pathogen. Thus, the development of appropriate vaccines to manage its infection and transmission is urgently needed. In this study, we expressed Rous sarcoma virus-like particles (RSV-LP) that displayed dual N. caninum antigens in silkworms. The antigen candidates are modified by adding a transmembrane domain of GP64 protein from Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) to the C-terminus of surface antigen 1 (NcSAG1) and SAG1-related sequence 2 (NcSRS2). The NcSRS2 alone or the NcSAG1/NcSRS2 bivalent form displaying RSV-LPs were purified using sucrose density gradient centrifugation. These purified VLPs were then used for immunizations in gerbils, Meriones unguiculatus, to evaluate the anti-N. caninum effects in vivo. The results demonstrated that antigens displaying RSV-LPs in immunized gerbils produced the antigen-specific antibody, leading to a relatively lower parasite load after infections of N. caninum. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to present an RSV-LP vaccine displaying bivalent antigens from neosporosis. Taken together, our strategy suggests that silkworm-expressed virus-like particles (VLPs) are promising bivalent vaccine candidates against N. caninum infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan.
| | - Rikito Hiramatsu
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan.
| | - Hamizah Suhaimi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Kato
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan; Laboratory of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan; Laboratory of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan.
| | - Akari Fujimoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Nippon Veterinary and Life University, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Tokiwa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Nippon Veterinary and Life University, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan.
| | - Kazunori Ike
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Nippon Veterinary and Life University, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan.
| | - Enoch Y Park
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan; Laboratory of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan; Laboratory of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan.
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Deci MB, Liu M, Dinh QT, Nguyen J. Precision engineering of targeted nanocarriers. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 10:e1511. [PMID: 29436157 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Since their introduction in 1980, the number of advanced targeted nanocarrier systems has grown considerably. Nanocarriers capable of targeting single receptors, multiple receptors, or multiple epitopes have all been used to enhance delivery efficiency and selectivity. Despite tremendous progress, preclinical studies and clinically translatable nanotechnology remain disconnected. The disconnect in targeting efficacy may stem from poorly-understood factors such as receptor clustering, spatial control of targeting ligands, ligand mobility, and ligand architecture. Further, the relationship between receptor distribution and ligand architecture remains elusive. Traditionally, targeted nanocarriers were engineered assuming a "static" target. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that receptor expression patterns change in response to external stimuli and disease progression. Here, we discuss how cutting-edge technologies will enable a better characterization of the spatiotemporal distribution of membrane receptors and their clustering. We further describe how this will enable the design of new nanocarriers that selectively target the site of disease. Ultimately, we explore how the precision engineering of targeted nanocarriers that adapt to receptor dynamics will have the potential to drive nanotechnology to the forefront of therapy and make targeted nanomedicine a clinical reality. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Lipid-Based Structures Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Protein and Virus-Based Structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B Deci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York
| | - Maixian Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York
| | - Quoc Thai Dinh
- Department of Experimental Pneumology and Allergology, Saarland University Faculty of Medicine, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Juliane Nguyen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York
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Development of Rous sarcoma Virus-like Particles Displaying hCC49 scFv for Specific Targeted Drug Delivery to Human Colon Carcinoma Cells. Pharm Res 2015; 32:3699-707. [PMID: 26047779 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-015-1730-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Virus-like particles (VLPs) have been used as drug carriers for drug delivery systems. In this study, hCC49 single chain fragment variable (scFv)-displaying Rous sarcoma virus-like particles (RSV VLPs) were produced in silkworm larvae to be a specific carrier of an anti-cancer drug. METHOD RSV VLPs displaying hCC49 scFv were created by the fusion of the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of hemagglutinin from influenza A (H1N1) virus and produced in silkworm larvae. The display of hCC49 scFv on the surface of RSV VLPs was confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using tumor-associated glycoprotein-72 (TAG-72), fluorescent microscopy, and immunoelectron microscopy. Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) or doxorubicin (DOX) was incorporated into hCC49 scFv-displaying RSV VLPs by electroporation and specific targeting of these VLPs was investigated by fluorescent microscopy and cytotoxicity assay using LS174T cells. RESULTS FITC was delivered to LS174T human colon adenocarcinoma cells by hCC49 scFv-displaying RSV VLPs, but not by RSV VLPs. This indicated that hCC49 scFv allowed FITC-loaded RSV VLPs to be delivered to LS174T cells. DOX, which is an anti-cancer drug with intrinsic red fluorescence, was also loaded into hCC49 scFv-displaying RSV VLPs by electroporation; the DOX-loaded hCC49 scFv-displaying RSV VLPs killed LS174T cells via the specific delivery of DOX that was mediated by hCC49 scFv. HEK293 cells were alive even though in the presence of DOX-loaded hCC49 scFv-displaying RSV VLPs. CONCLUSION These results showed that hCC49 scFv-displaying RSV VLPs from silkworm larvae offered specific drug delivery to colon carcinoma cells in vitro. This scFv-displaying enveloped VLP system could be applied to drug and gene delivery to other target cells.
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Deo VK, Kato T, Park EY. Chimeric Virus-Like Particles Made Using GAG and M1 Capsid Proteins Providing Dual Drug Delivery and Vaccination Platform. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:839-45. [DOI: 10.1021/mp500860x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vipin K. Deo
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Integrated Bioscience
Section, Graduate
School of Science and Technology, ‡Laboratory of Biotechnology, Research Institute
of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya,
Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kato
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Integrated Bioscience
Section, Graduate
School of Science and Technology, ‡Laboratory of Biotechnology, Research Institute
of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya,
Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Enoch Y. Park
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Integrated Bioscience
Section, Graduate
School of Science and Technology, ‡Laboratory of Biotechnology, Research Institute
of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya,
Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
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Deo VK, Yui M, Alam J, Yamazaki M, Kato T, Park EY. A model for targeting colon carcinoma cells using single-chain variable fragments anchored on virus-like particles via glycosyl phosphatidylinositol anchor. Pharm Res 2014; 31:2166-77. [PMID: 24570130 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-014-1316-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE VLPs displaying tumor targeting single-chain variable fragments (VLP-rscFvs) which targets tumor-associated glycoprotein-72 (TAG-72) marker protein have a potential for immunotherapy against colon carcinoma tumors. In this study, scFvs anchored on VLPs using glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) were prepared to target colon carcinoma spheroids in vitro. METHODS VLPs-rscFvs were produced by co-injecting two types of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) bacmids, encoding RSV-gag and rscFvs cDNA into silkworm larvae. Large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) of 100 nm in diameter were made using 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) and packaged with Sulforhodamine B (SRB). LUV-SRB was used to associate with VLP-rscFvs assisted by GP64 present on VLP-rscFvs to produce VLP-rscFv associated SRB (VLP-rscFvs-SRB) at pH 7.5. RESULTS The antigenicity of the purified VLPs-rScFvs was confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using TAG-72 as antigen. LUV-SRB made of DOPC was used to associate with 100 μg of VLP-rscFvs to produce VLP-rscFv-SRB. Specific delivery and penetration of SRB up to 100 μm into the spheroids shows the potential of the new model. CONCLUSIONS The current study demonstrated the display, expression and purification of VLP-rscFvs efficiently. As a test model VLP-rscFv-SRB were prepared which can be used for immunotherapy. rscFvs provide the specificity needed to target tumors and VLPs serve as carrier transporting the dye to target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin Kumar Deo
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
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Deo VK, Yoshimatsu K, Otsuki T, Dong J, Kato T, Park EY. Display of Neospora caninum surface protein related sequence 2 on Rous sarcoma virus-derived gag protein virus-like particles. J Biotechnol 2013; 165:69-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2013.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Otsuki T, Dong J, Kato T, Park EY. Expression, purification and antigenicity of Neospora caninum-antigens using silkworm larvae targeting for subunit vaccines. Vet Parasitol 2013; 192:284-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/30/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Pushko P, Pumpens P, Grens E. Development of Virus-Like Particle Technology from Small Highly Symmetric to Large Complex Virus-Like Particle Structures. Intervirology 2013; 56:141-65. [DOI: 10.1159/000346773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Oncol 2012; 24:454-60. [DOI: 10.1097/cco.0b013e328355876c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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