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Lacombe S, Bangratz M, Ta HA, Nguyen TD, Gantet P, Brugidou C. Optimized RNA-Silencing Strategies for Rice Ragged Stunt Virus Resistance in Rice. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10102008. [PMID: 34685817 PMCID: PMC8540896 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV) is one of the most damaging viruses of the rice culture area in south and far-eastern Asia. To date, no genetic resistance has been identified and only expensive and non-environmentally friendly chemical treatments are deployed to fight this important disease. Non-chemical approaches based on RNA-silencing have been developed as resistance strategies against viruses. Here, we optimized classical miRNA and siRNA-based strategies to obtain efficient and durable resistance to RRSV. miRNA-based strategies are involved in producing artificial miRNA (amiR) targeting viral genomes in plants. Classically, only one amiR is produced from a single construct. We demonstrated for the first time that two amiRs targeting conserved regions of RRSV genomes could be transgenically produced in Nicotiana benthamiana and in rice for a single precursor. Transgenic rice plants producing either one or two amiR were produced. Despite efficient amiR accumulations, miRNA-based strategies with single or double amiRs failed to achieve efficient RRSV resistance in transformed rice plants. This suggests that this strategy may not be adapted to RRSV, which could rapidly evolve to counteract them. Another RNA-silencing-based method for viral resistance concerns producing several viral siRNAs targeting a viral fragment. These viral siRNAs are produced from an inverted repeat construct carrying the targeted viral fragment. Here, we optimized the inverted repeat construct using a chimeric fragment carrying conserved sequences of three different RRSV genes instead of one. Of the three selected homozygous transgenic plants, one failed to accumulate the expected siRNA. The two other ones accumulated siRNAs from either one or three fragments. A strong reduction of RRSV symptoms was observed only in transgenic plants expressing siRNAs. We consequently demonstrated, for the first time, an efficient and environmentally friendly resistance to RRSV in rice based on the siRNA-mediated strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Severine Lacombe
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, University Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34090 Montpellier, France; (M.B.); (C.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Martine Bangratz
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, University Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34090 Montpellier, France; (M.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Hoang Anh Ta
- Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Bac Tu Liem District, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam;
| | - Thanh Duc Nguyen
- Agricultural Genetics Institute, Bac Tu Liem District, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam;
| | - Pascal Gantet
- UMR DIADE, Université de Montpellier, IRD, 34090 Montpellier, France;
| | - Christophe Brugidou
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, University Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34090 Montpellier, France; (M.B.); (C.B.)
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He B, Huang J, Chen H. PVsiRNAPred: Prediction of plant exclusive virus-derived small interfering RNAs by deep convolutional neural network. J Bioinform Comput Biol 2020; 17:1950039. [PMID: 32019412 DOI: 10.1142/s0219720019500392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Plant exclusive virus-derived small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) regulate various biological processes, especially important in antiviral immunity. The identification of plant vsiRNAs is important for understanding the biogenesis and function mechanisms of vsiRNAs and further developing anti-viral plants. In this study, we extracted plant vsiRNA sequences from the PVsiRNAdb database. We then utilized deep convolutional neural network (CNN) to develop a deep learning algorithm for predicting plant vsiRNAs based on vsiRNA sequence composition, known as PVsiRNAPred. The key part of PVsiRNAPred is the CNN module, which automatically learns hierarchical representations of vsiRNA sequences related to vsiRNA profiles in plants. When evaluated using an independent testing dataset, the accuracy of the model was 65.70%, which was higher than those of five conventional machine learning method-based classifiers. In addition, PVsiRNAPred obtained a sensitivity of 67.11%, specificity of 64.26% and Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) of 0.31, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of PVsiRNAPred was 0.71 in the independent test. The permutation test with 1000 shuffles resulted in a p value of<0.001. The above results reveal that PVsiRNAPred has favorable generalization capabilities. We hope PVsiRNAPred, the first bioinformatics algorithm for predicting plant vsiRNAs, will allow efficient discovery of new vsiRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bifang He
- Medical College, Guizhou University, Jiaxiu Road, Huaxi Zone, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China.,Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xiyuan Ave, West Hi-Tech Zone, Chengdu 611731, P. R. China
| | - Jian Huang
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xiyuan Ave, West Hi-Tech Zone, Chengdu 611731, P. R. China
| | - Heng Chen
- Medical College, Guizhou University, Jiaxiu Road, Huaxi Zone, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
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Catch Me If You Can! RNA Silencing-Based Improvement of Antiviral Plant Immunity. Viruses 2019; 11:v11070673. [PMID: 31340474 PMCID: PMC6669615 DOI: 10.3390/v11070673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses are obligate parasites which cause a range of severe plant diseases that affect farm productivity around the world, resulting in immense annual losses of yield. Therefore, control of viral pathogens continues to be an agronomic and scientific challenge requiring innovative and ground-breaking strategies to meet the demands of a growing world population. Over the last decade, RNA silencing has been employed to develop plants with an improved resistance to biotic stresses based on their function to provide protection from invasion by foreign nucleic acids, such as viruses. This natural phenomenon can be exploited to control agronomically relevant plant diseases. Recent evidence argues that this biotechnological method, called host-induced gene silencing, is effective against sucking insects, nematodes, and pathogenic fungi, as well as bacteria and viruses on their plant hosts. Here, we review recent studies which reveal the enormous potential that RNA-silencing strategies hold for providing an environmentally friendly mechanism to protect crop plants from viral diseases.
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Khalil F, Yueyu X, Naiyan X, Di L, Tayyab M, Hengbo W, Islam W, Rauf S, Pinghua C. Genome characterization of Sugarcane Yellow Leaf Virus with special reference to RNAi based molecular breeding. Microb Pathog 2018; 120:187-197. [PMID: 29730517 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Sugarcane is an essential crop for sugar and biofuel. Globally, its production is severely affected by sugarcane yellow leaf disease (SCYLD) caused by Sugarcane Yellow Leaf Virus (SCYLV). Many aphid vectors are involved in the spread of the disease which reduced the effectiveness of cultural and chemical management. Empirical methods of plant breeding such as introgression from wild and cultivated germplasm were not possible or at least challenging due to the absence of resistance in cultivated and wild germplasm of sugarcane. RNA interference (RNAi) transformation is an effective method to create virus-resistant varieties. Nevertheless, limited progress has been made due to lack of comprehensive research program on SCYLV based on RNAi technique. In order to show improvement and to propose future strategies for the feasibility of the RNAi technique to cope SCYLV, genome-wide consensus sequences of SCYLV were analyzed through GenBank. The coverage rates of every consensus sequence in SCYLV isolates were calculated to evaluate their practicability. Our analysis showed that single consensus sequence from SCYLV could not work well for RNAi based sugarcane breeding programs. This may be due to high mutation rate and continuous recombination within and between various viral strains. Alternative multi-target RNAi strategy is suggested to combat several strains of the viruses and to reduce the silencing escape. The multi-target small interfering RNA (siRNA) can be used together to construct RNAi plant expression plasmid, and to transform sugarcane tissues to develop new sugarcane varieties resistant to SCYLV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farghama Khalil
- National Engineering Research Center of Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Xu Yueyu
- National Engineering Research Center of Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Xiao Naiyan
- National Engineering Research Center of Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Liu Di
- National Engineering Research Center of Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Muhammad Tayyab
- National Engineering Research Center of Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Wang Hengbo
- National Engineering Research Center of Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Waqar Islam
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Govt. of Punjab, Agriculture Department, Lahore, Pakistan; College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Saeed Rauf
- University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Chen Pinghua
- National Engineering Research Center of Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; GMOs LAB of Quality Supervision Inspection &Testing Center for Sugarcane and Derived Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
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Gupta N, Zahra S, Singh A, Kumar S. PVsiRNAdb: a database for plant exclusive virus-derived small interfering RNAs. DATABASE-THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DATABASES AND CURATION 2018; 2018:5126495. [PMID: 30307523 PMCID: PMC6181178 DOI: 10.1093/database/bay105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Ribonucleic acids (RNA) interference mechanism has been proved to be an important regulator of both transcriptional and post-transcription controls of gene expression during biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. Virus-derived small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) are established components of the RNA silencing mechanism for incurring anti-viral resistance in plants. Some databases like siRNAdb, HIVsirDB and VIRsiRNAdb are available online pertaining to siRNAs as well as vsiRNAs generated during viral infection in humans; however, currently there is a lack of repository for plant exclusive vsiRNAs. We have developed `PVsiRNAdb (http://www.nipgr.res.in/PVsiRNAdb)', a manually curated plant-exclusive database harboring information related to vsiRNAs found in different virus-infected plants collected by exhaustive data mining of published literature so far. This database contains a total of 322 214 entries and 282 549 unique sequences of vsiRNAs. In PVsiRNAdb, detailed and comprehensive information is available for each vsiRNA sequence. Apart from the core information consisting of plant, tissue, virus name and vsiRNA sequence, additional information of each vsiRNAs (map position, length, coordinates, strand information and predicted structure) may be of high utility to the user. Different types of search and browse modules with three different tools namely BLAST, Smith-Waterman Align and Mapping are provided at PVsiRNAdb. Thus, this database being one of its kind will surely be of much use to molecular biologists for exploring the complex viral genetics and genomics, viral-host interactions and beneficial to the scientific community and can prove to be very advantageous in the field of agriculture for producing viral resistance transgenic crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Gupta
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Shafaque Zahra
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajeet Singh
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Shailesh Kumar
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
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Abstract
Rice reoviruses, transmitted by leafhopper or planthopper vectors in a persistent propagative manner, seriously threaten the stability of rice production in Asia. Understanding the mechanisms that enable viral transmission by insect vectors is a key to controlling these viral diseases. This review describes current understanding of replication cycles of rice reoviruses in vector cell lines, transmission barriers, and molecular determinants of vector competence and persistent infection. Despite recent breakthroughs, such as the discoveries of actin-based tubule motility exploited by viruses to overcome transmission barriers and mutually beneficial relationships between viruses and bacterial symbionts, there are still many gaps in our knowledge of transmission mechanisms. Advances in genome sequencing, reverse genetics systems, and molecular technologies will help to address these problems. Investigating the multiple interaction systems among the virus, insect vector, insect symbiont, and plant during natural infection in the field is a central topic for future research on rice reoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiyun Wei
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, People's Republic of China;
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China;
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Zhang C, Wu Z, Li Y, Wu J. Biogenesis, Function, and Applications of Virus-Derived Small RNAs in Plants. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1237. [PMID: 26617580 PMCID: PMC4637412 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA silencing, an evolutionarily conserved and sequence-specific gene-inactivation system, has a pivotal role in antiviral defense in most eukaryotic organisms. In plants, a class of exogenous small RNAs (sRNAs) originating from the infecting virus called virus-derived small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) are predominantly responsible for RNA silencing-mediated antiviral immunity. Nowadays, the process of vsiRNA formation and the role of vsiRNAs in plant viral defense have been revealed through deep sequencing of sRNAs and diverse genetic analysis. The biogenesis of vsiRNAs is analogous to that of endogenous sRNAs, which require diverse essential components including dicer-like (DCL), argonaute (AGO), and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RDR) proteins. vsiRNAs trigger antiviral defense through post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) or transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) of viral RNA, and they hijack the host RNA silencing system to target complementary host transcripts. Additionally, several applications that take advantage of the current knowledge of vsiRNAs research are being used, such as breeding antiviral plants through genetic engineering technology, reconstructing of viral genomes, and surveying viral ecology and populations. Here, we will provide an overview of vsiRNA pathways, with a primary focus on the advances in vsiRNA biogenesis and function, and discuss their potential applications as well as the future challenges in vsiRNAs research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Virology of Fujian Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou, China
| | - Zujian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Virology of Fujian Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi Li
- Peking-Yale Joint Center for Plant Molecular Genetics and Agrobiotechnology, The National Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Plant Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Peking University Beijing, China
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Virology of Fujian Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou, China ; Peking-Yale Joint Center for Plant Molecular Genetics and Agrobiotechnology, The National Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Plant Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Peking University Beijing, China
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Abstract
Transgenic resistance to plant viruses is an important technology for control of plant virus infection, which has been demonstrated for many model systems, as well as for the most important plant viruses, in terms of the costs of crop losses to disease, and also for many other plant viruses infecting various fruits and vegetables. Different approaches have been used over the last 28 years to confer resistance, to ascertain whether particular genes or RNAs are more efficient at generating resistance, and to take advantage of advances in the biology of RNA interference to generate more efficient and environmentally safer, novel "resistance genes." The approaches used have been based on expression of various viral proteins (mostly capsid protein but also replicase proteins, movement proteins, and to a much lesser extent, other viral proteins), RNAs [sense RNAs (translatable or not), antisense RNAs, satellite RNAs, defective-interfering RNAs, hairpin RNAs, and artificial microRNAs], nonviral genes (nucleases, antiviral inhibitors, and plantibodies), and host-derived resistance genes (dominant resistance genes and recessive resistance genes), and various factors involved in host defense responses. This review examines the above range of approaches used, the viruses that were tested, and the host species that have been examined for resistance, in many cases describing differences in results that were obtained for various systems developed in the last 20 years. We hope this compilation of experiences will aid those who are seeking to use this technology to provide resistance in yet other crops, where nature has not provided such.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Palukaitis
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Seoul Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Le DT, Chu HD, Sasaya T. Creation of transgenic rice plants producing small interfering RNA of Rice tungro spherical virus. GM CROPS & FOOD 2015; 6:47-53. [PMID: 25984767 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2015.1025188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Rice tungro spherical virus (RTSV), also known as Rice waika virus, does not cause visible symptoms in infected rice plants. However, the virus plays a critical role in spreading Rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV), which is the major cause of severe symptoms of rice tungro disease. Recent studies showed that RNA interference (RNAi) can be used to develop virus-resistance transgenic rice plants. In this report, we presented simple procedures and protocols needed for the creation of transgenic rice plants capable of producing small interfering RNA specific against RTSV sequences. Notably, our study showed that 60 out of 64 individual hygromycin-resistant lines (putative transgenic lines) obtained through transformation carried transgenes designed for producing hairpin double-stranded RNA. Northern blot analyses revealed the presence of small interfering RNA of 21- to 24-mer in 46 out of 56 confirmed transgenic lines. Taken together, our study indicated that transgenic rice plants carrying an inverted repeat of 500-bp fragments encoding various proteins of RTSV can produce small interfering RNA from the hairpin RNA transcribed from that transgene. In light of recent studies with other viruses, it is possible that some of these transgenic rice lines might be resistant to RTSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dung Tien Le
- a Research Team for Vector-borne Diseases; National Agriculture Research Center ; Tsukuba , Ibaraki , Japan
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Guo J, Gao S, Lin Q, Wang H, Que Y, Xu L. Transgenic sugarcane resistant to Sorghum mosaic virus based on coat protein gene silencing by RNA interference. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:861907. [PMID: 25685813 PMCID: PMC4317601 DOI: 10.1155/2015/861907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
As one of the critical diseases of sugarcane, sugarcane mosaic disease can lead to serious decline in stalk yield and sucrose content. It is mainly caused by Potyvirus sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) and/or Sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV), with additional differences in viral strains. RNA interference (RNAi) is a novel strategy for producing viral resistant plants. In this study, based on multiple sequence alignment conducted on genomic sequences of different strains and isolates of SrMV, the conserved region of coat protein (CP) genes was selected as the target gene and the interference sequence with size of 423 bp in length was obtained through PCR amplification. The RNAi vector pGII00-HACP with an expression cassette containing both hairpin interference sequence and cp4-epsps herbicide-tolerant gene was transferred to sugarcane cultivar ROC22 via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. After herbicide screening, PCR molecular identification, and artificial inoculation challenge, anti-SrMV positive transgenic lines were successfully obtained. SrMV resistance rate of the transgenic lines with the interference sequence was 87.5% based on SrMV challenge by artificial inoculation. The genetically modified SrMV-resistant lines of cultivar ROC22 provide resistant germplasm for breeding lines and can also serve as resistant lines having the same genetic background for study of resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- National Research and Development Center for Sugarcane Industry Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shiwu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- National Research and Development Center for Sugarcane Industry Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qinliang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- National Research and Development Center for Sugarcane Industry Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hengbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- National Research and Development Center for Sugarcane Industry Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Youxiong Que
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- National Research and Development Center for Sugarcane Industry Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Liping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- National Research and Development Center for Sugarcane Industry Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Sasaya T, Nakazono-Nagaoka E, Saika H, Aoki H, Hiraguri A, Netsu O, Uehara-Ichiki T, Onuki M, Toki S, Saito K, Yatou O. Transgenic strategies to confer resistance against viruses in rice plants. Front Microbiol 2014; 4:409. [PMID: 24454308 PMCID: PMC3888933 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is cultivated in more than 100 countries and supports nearly half of the world's population. Developing efficient methods to control rice viruses is thus an urgent necessity because viruses cause serious losses in rice yield. Most rice viruses are transmitted by insect vectors, notably planthoppers and leafhoppers. Viruliferous insect vectors can disperse their viruses over relatively long distances, and eradication of the viruses is very difficult once they become widespread. Exploitation of natural genetic sources of resistance is one of the most effective approaches to protect crops from virus infection; however, only a few naturally occurring rice genes confer resistance against rice viruses. Many investigators are using genetic engineering of rice plants as a potential strategy to control viral diseases. Using viral genes to confer pathogen-derived resistance against crops is a well-established procedure, and the expression of various viral gene products has proved to be effective in preventing or reducing infection by various plant viruses since the 1990s. RNA interference (RNAi), also known as RNA silencing, is one of the most efficient methods to confer resistance against plant viruses on their respective crops. In this article, we review the recent progress, mainly conducted by our research group, in transgenic strategies to confer resistance against tenuiviruses and reoviruses in rice plants. Our findings also illustrate that not all RNAi constructs against viral RNAs are equally effective in preventing virus infection and that it is important to identify the viral "Achilles' heel" gene to target for RNAi attack when engineering plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahide Sasaya
- NARO Kyushu-Okinawa Agricultural Research CenterKoshi, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | - Hiroaki Saika
- National Institute of Agrobiological SciencesTsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Aoki
- Hokuriku Research Center, NARO Agricultural Research CenterJoetsu, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akihiro Hiraguri
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo BunkyoTokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Netsu
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo BunkyoTokyo, Japan
| | | | - Masatoshi Onuki
- NARO Kyushu-Okinawa Agricultural Research CenterKoshi, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Seichi Toki
- National Institute of Agrobiological SciencesTsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Koji Saito
- Hokuriku Research Center, NARO Agricultural Research CenterJoetsu, Niigata, Japan
| | - Osamu Yatou
- Hokuriku Research Center, NARO Agricultural Research CenterJoetsu, Niigata, Japan
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Abstract
The family Reoviridae separates two subfamilies and consists of 15 genera. Fourteen viruses in three genera (Phytoreovirus, Oryzavirus, and Fijivirus) infect plants. The outbreaks of the plant-infecting reoviruses cause sometime the serious yield loss of rice and maize, and are a menace to safe and efficient food production in the Southeast Asia. The plant-infecting reoviruses are double-shelled icosahedral particles, from 50 to 80nm in diameter, and include from 10 to 12 segmented double-stranded genomic RNAs depending on the viruses. These viruses are transmitted in a persistent manner by the vector insects and replicated in both plants and in their vectors. This review provides a brief overview of the plant-infecting reoviruses and their recent research progresses including the strategy for viral controls using transgenic rice plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahide Sasaya
- Agro-Environment Research Division,NARO Kyushu Okinawa Agricultural Research Center
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Jia D, Guo N, Chen H, Akita F, Xie L, Omura T, Wei T. Assembly of the viroplasm by viral non-structural protein Pns10 is essential for persistent infection of rice ragged stunt virus in its insect vector. J Gen Virol 2012; 93:2299-2309. [PMID: 22837415 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.042424-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV), an oryzavirus, is transmitted by brown planthopper in a persistent propagative manner. In this study, sequential infection of RRSV in the internal organs of its insect vector after ingestion of virus was investigated by immunofluorescence microscopy. RRSV was first detected in the epithelial cells of the midgut, from where it proceeded to the visceral muscles surrounding the midgut, then throughout the visceral muscles of the midgut and hindgut, and finally into the salivary glands. Viroplasms, the sites of virus replication and assembly of progeny virions, were formed in the midgut epithelium, visceral muscles and salivary glands of infected insects and contained the non-structural protein Pns10 of RRSV, which appeared to be the major constituent of the viroplasms. Viroplasm-like structures formed in non-host insect cells following expression of Pns10 in a baculovirus system, suggesting that the viroplasms observed in RRSV-infected cells were composed basically of Pns10. RNA interference induced by ingestion of dsRNA from the Pns10 gene of RRSV strongly inhibited such viroplasm formation, preventing efficient virus infection and spread in its insect vectors. These results show that Pns10 of RRSV is essential for viroplasm formation and virus replication in the vector insect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Jia
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Nianmei Guo
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Hongyan Chen
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Fusamichi Akita
- National Agricultural Research Center, 3-1-1 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8666, Japan
| | - Lianhui Xie
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Toshihiro Omura
- National Agricultural Research Center, 3-1-1 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8666, Japan
| | - Taiyun Wei
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
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