Complete genome sequence of Spirosoma radiotolerans, a gamma-radiation-resistant bacterium isolated from rice field in South Korea

Larkinella humicola sp. nov., a gamma radiation-resistant bacterium isolated from soil

A Gram-negative, short rod-shaped, and pink-pigmented bacterial strain, designated MA1^T, was isolated from a soil sample from Gijang-gun, Busan in Republic of Korea. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain MA1^T belonged to the genus Larkinella and was closely related to "Larkinella punicea" (97.5% similarity), Larkinella rosea 15J16-1T3A^T (96.5%), and Larkinella knui 15J6-3T6^T (96.2%). Polar lipid profile of strain MA1^T contained phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified aminolipids, and three unidentified lipids. Menaquinone-7 was the only quinone and the main fatty acids were C_16:1 ω5c (36.7%), iso-C_15:0 (30.0%), iso-C_17:0 3-OH (7.7%), and summed feature 3 (C_16:1 ω6c and/or C_16:1 ω7c and/or iso-C_15:0 2-OH) (7.3%). The genomic DNA G + C content was 52.3 mol% based on the whole-genome analysis. Strain MA1^T exhibited a relatively low level of ANI and in silico DDH values with "Larkinella punicea" (91.9 and 47.1%, respectively), Larkinella rosea (79.7 and 23.3%), and Larkinella knui (81.9 and 25.7%). Based on its phenotypic properties and phylogenetic distinctiveness, strain MA1^T should be classified in the genus Larkinella as a representative of a novel species, for which the name Larkinella humicola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MA1^T (= KCTC 72629^T = NBRC 114191^T).

Spirosoma telluris sp. nov. and Spirosoma arboris sp. nov. isolated from soil and tree bark, respectively

Two novel strains (HMF3257T and HMF4905T), isolated from freshwater and bark samples, were investigated to determine their relationships within and between species of the genus Spirosoma by using a polyphasic approach. They were aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, non-motile and rod-shaped bacteria. The major fatty acids (>10%) in both strains were identified as summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C16 : 1 ω6c) and C16 : 1 ω5c, while strains HMF3257T and HMF4905T contained a moderately high amount of C16 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0, respectively. The predominant respiratory quinone was MK-7 for both strains. In addition to phosphatidylethanolamine and one unidentified glycolipid, the polar lipid profile of strain HMF3257T consisted of three unidentified aminophospholipids, one unidentified aminolipid and two unidentified polar lipids, and that of strain HMF4905T consisted of one unidentified aminophospholipid, two unidentified aminolipids and three unidentified polar lipids. The DNA G+C contents of strains HMF3257T and HMF4905T were 47.2 and 46.4 mol%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strains HMF3257T and HMF4905T are closely related to Spirosoma migulaei 15J9-8T (97.0 % sequence similarity), while sharing 97.4 % sequence similarity with each other. The average nucleotide identity value between strains HMF3257T and HMF4905T was 81.1 %, and the digital DNA–DNA hybridization value between these two strains was 24.4 %. Based on the above data, strains HMF3257T and HMF4905T represent two novel members within the genus Spirosoma , for which the names Spirosoma telluris sp. nov. and Spirosoma arboris sp. nov. are proposed, respectively. The type strain of S. telluris is HMF3257T (=KCTC 62463T=NBRC 112670T) and type strain of S. arboris is HMF4905T (=KCTC 72779T=NBRC 114270T).

Deinococcus rubellus sp. nov., bacteria isolated from the muscle of antarctic fish

Two new bacterial strains designated as Ant6^T and Ant18 were isolated from the muscle of a fish which had been caught in the Antarctic Ocean. Both strains are Gram-stain-positive, catalase positive, oxidase negative, aerobic, and coccoid bacteria. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains Ant6^T and Ant18 revealed that the strains Ant6^T and Ant18 belong to the genus Deinococcus in the family Deinococcaceae in the class Deinococci. The highest degrees of sequence similarities of strains Ant6^T and Ant18 were found with Deinococcus alpinitundrae LMG 24283^T by 96.4% and 96.8%, respectively. Strain Ant6^T exhibited a high level of DNA- DNA hybridization values with strain Ant18 (82 ± 0.6%). Chemotaxonomic data revealed that the predominant fatty acids were C_{17: 0} cyclo, 16:0, and feature 3 (C_16:1 ω6c/ω7c) for both strains. A complex polar lipid profile consisted of major amounts of unknown phosphoglycolipids (PGL) and unknown aminophospholipid (APL). Based on the phylogenetic, phenotypic, and chemotaxonomic data, strains Ant6^T (=KEMB 9004-169^T =JCM 31434^T) and Ant18 (=KEMB 9004-170) should be classified as a new species, for which the name Deinococcus rubellus sp. nov. is proposed.

Flavisolibacter swuensis sp. nov. isolated from soil

A Gram-staining-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming, and rod-shaped bacterium designated as strain SR2-4-2(T) was isolated from soil in South Korea. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain SR2-4-2(T) revealed that it belonged to the genus of Flavisolibacter, family of Chitinophagaceae, and class of Sphingobacteriia. It shared sequence similarities with Flavisolibacter ginsengisoli Gsoil 643(T) (96.4%), Flavisolibacter ginsengiterrae Gsoil 492(T) (96.3%), and Flavisolibacter rigui 02SUJ3(T) (93.0%). Chemotaxonomic data revealed that its predominant fatty acids were iso-C15:0 (26.4%) and iso-C17:0 3OH (10.7%). Its major polar lipid was phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and its predominant respiratory quinone was MK-7. The G+C content of genomic DNA of the strain SR2-4-2(T) DNA was 45.0%. Based on the phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic, and phenotypic data, the strain SR2-4-2(T) (=JCM 19974(T) =KEMB 9004-156(T)) is classified as a type strain of a novel species for which the name of Flavisolibacter swuensis sp. nov. is proposed.