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Soonsanga S, Rungrod A, Promdonkoy B. Protein Engineering of Vip3A in a Selected Bacillus thuringiensis Host for Consistent High Protein Production. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:211. [PMID: 38839629 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03721-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to obtain reliable high Vip3A production from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) by modifying Vip3A to acquire higher thermostability in a suitable host. Bt117 is a great host for Vip3A production due to protein production consistency, low protease activity in culture media, and large amounts of mostly full-length protein, but it produces Vip3A with lower thermostability (Vip3Aa35). The C-terminal region of Bt117 Vip3A was replaced with that of a Vip3A with higher thermostability (Vip3Aa64 from Bt294) to generate the recombinant Bt117-Vip3Aa64-C. Like the parental strain Bt117, this strain expressed mostly full-length protein and exhibited low protease activity and similar protein expression profiles in culture media but retained greater larvicidal activity upon 37 °C storage like Bt294 Vip3Aa64. Importantly, every culture batch of Bt117-Vip3Aa64-C yielded over 200 mg/l Vip3A, which is a notable improvement over the original Vip3Aa64-producing strain Bt294 where 45% of culture batches failed to produce Vip3A at the same level. Successfully, we combined the superior qualities of two Bt strains, Bt294, which produces thermostable Vip3A but at low and inconsistent levels, and Bt117, which produces Vip3A with low thermostability but at consistently high levels. Protein engineering of Vip3A in Bt117 ultimately yielded an improved strain producing a thermostable Vip3A with reliably high protein production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumarin Soonsanga
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Amporn Rungrod
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Boonhiang Promdonkoy
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
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Put H, Gerstmans H, Vande Capelle H, Fauvart M, Michiels J, Masschelein J. Bacillus subtilis as a host for natural product discovery and engineering of biosynthetic gene clusters. Nat Prod Rep 2024. [PMID: 38465694 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00065f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Covering: up to October 2023Many bioactive natural products are synthesized by microorganisms that are either difficult or impossible to cultivate under laboratory conditions, or that produce only small amounts of the desired compound. By transferring biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) into alternative host organisms that are more easily cultured and engineered, larger quantities can be obtained and new analogues with potentially improved biological activity or other desirable properties can be generated. Moreover, expression of cryptic BGCs in a suitable host can facilitate the identification and characterization of novel natural products. Heterologous expression therefore represents a valuable tool for natural product discovery and engineering as it allows the study and manipulation of their biosynthetic pathways in a controlled setting, enabling innovative applications. Bacillus is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria that is widely used in industrial biotechnology as a host for the production of proteins from diverse origins, including enzymes and vaccines. However, despite numerous successful examples, Bacillus species remain underexploited as heterologous hosts for the expression of natural product BGCs. Here, we review important advantages that Bacillus species offer as expression hosts, such as high secretion capacity, natural competence for DNA uptake, and the increasing availability of a wide range of genetic tools for gene expression and strain engineering. We evaluate different strain optimization strategies and other critical factors that have improved the success and efficiency of heterologous natural product biosynthesis in B. subtilis. Finally, future perspectives for using B. subtilis as a heterologous host are discussed, identifying research gaps and promising areas that require further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Put
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Hans Gerstmans
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
- Laboratory for Biomolecular Discovery & Engineering, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hanne Vande Capelle
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
- Laboratory for Biomolecular Discovery & Engineering, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten Fauvart
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
- imec, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Michiels
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Joleen Masschelein
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
- Laboratory for Biomolecular Discovery & Engineering, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Proteomic Analysis and Promoter Modification of Bacillus thuringiensis to Improve Insecticidal Vip3A Protein Production. Mol Biotechnol 2021; 64:100-107. [PMID: 34553315 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-021-00401-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Insecticidal protein Vip3A secreted from B. thuringiensis is a potential biocontrol agent for control of lepidopteran pests. Under laboratory conditions, high albeit variable Vip3A production from the local isolate Bt294 was only obtained from a much enriched TB culture medium. Proteomic analysis and strain improvement were therefore performed to improve Vip3A production. Studies indicated that the buffer capacity, carbon source, and nitrogen source are critical to efficiently produce Vip3A. Medium with lower amounts of peptone and yeast extract (compared to TB), with an additional carbon source and phosphate buffer (LB*G medium) was found to give reasonable yields of Vip3A. Proteomic analysis revealed higher expression of proteins involved in glutamate and histidine biosynthesis in cells cultured in TB compared to LB about 58 and 33 times, respectively. Experiments confirmed that glutamate supplementation could increase Vip3A production. In addition, promoter substitution with that of cry3A increased Vip3A yields by about 20-30%. Overall, very high yields of Vip3A could be obtained by culturing Bt294 (Pcry3A-vip3Aa64) in LB*G medium with glutamate supplementation.
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Yang H, Qu J, Zou W, Shen W, Chen X. An overview and future prospects of recombinant protein production in Bacillus subtilis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:6607-6626. [PMID: 34468804 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11533-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis is a well-characterized Gram-positive bacterium and a valuable host for recombinant protein production because of its efficient secretion ability, high yield, and non-toxicity. Here, we comprehensively review the recent studies on recombinant protein production in B. subtilis to update and supplement other previous reviews. We have focused on several aspects, including optimization of B. subtilis strains, enhancement and regulation of expression, improvement of secretion level, surface display of proteins, and fermentation optimization. Among them, optimization of B. subtilis strains mainly involves undirected chemical/physical mutagenesis and selection and genetic manipulation; enhancement and regulation of expression comprises autonomous plasmid and integrated expression, promoter regulation and engineering, and fine-tuning gene expression based on proteases and molecular chaperones; improvement of secretion level predominantly involves secretion pathway and signal peptide screening and optimization; surface display of proteins includes surface display of proteins on spores or vegetative cells; and fermentation optimization incorporates medium optimization, process condition optimization, and feeding strategy optimization. Furthermore, we propose some novel methods and future challenges for recombinant protein production in B. subtilis.Key points• A comprehensive review on recombinant protein production in Bacillus subtilis.• Novel techniques facilitate recombinant protein expression and secretion.• Surface display of proteins has significant potential for different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiquan Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Jinfeng Qu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Wei Zou
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Yibin, 644000, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Shen
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xianzhong Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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Souza CCD, Guimarães JM, Pereira SDS, Mariúba LAM. The multifunctionality of expression systems in Bacillus subtilis: Emerging devices for the production of recombinant proteins. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:2443-2453. [PMID: 34424091 PMCID: PMC8649419 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211030189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis is a successful host for producing recombinant proteins. Its GRAS (generally recognized as safe) status and its remarkable innate ability to absorb and incorporate exogenous DNA into its genome make this organism an ideal platform for the heterologous expression of bioactive substances. The factors that corroborate its value can be attributed to the scientific knowledge obtained from decades of study regarding its biology that has fostered the development of several genetic engineering strategies, such as the use of different plasmids, engineering of constitutive or double promoters, chemical inducers, systems of self-inducing expression with or without a secretion system that uses a signal peptide, and so on. Tools that enrich the technological arsenal of this expression platform improve the efficiency and reduce the costs of production of proteins of biotechnological importance. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the major advances involving recombinant expression systems developed in B. subtilis, thus sustaining the generation of knowledge and its application in future research. It was verified that this bacterium is a model in constant demand and studies of the expression of recombinant proteins on a large scale are increasing in number. As such, it represents a powerful bacterial host for academic research and industrial purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio Coutinho de Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia da Universidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM, Manaus, AM 69067-005, Brazil
| | - Jander Matos Guimarães
- Centro Multiusuário de Análise de Fenômenos Biomédicos (CMABio) da Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, AM 69065-00, Brazil
| | - Soraya Dos Santos Pereira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ) Unidade de Rondônia, Porto Velho-RO 76812-245, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Experimental, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia-PGBIOEXP/UNIR, Porto Velho-RO 76801-974, Brazil.,Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane (ILMD), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Manaus, AM 69057-070, Brazil
| | - Luis André Morais Mariúba
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia da Universidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM, Manaus, AM 69067-005, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, IOC, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil.,Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane (ILMD), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Manaus, AM 69057-070, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, AM 69067-00, Brazil
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Promchai R, Visessanguan W, Luxananil P. An efficient ABC transporter signal peptide directs heterologous protein secretion in food-grade hosts. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 36:154. [PMID: 32949270 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-020-02932-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
An efficient expression-secretion system for heterologous protein production in food-grade hosts, Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtilis, is still required to broaden their applications. The optimal signal peptide compatible with both the desired protein and the target host is important for the system. Here, we constructed new expression-secretion vectors to be used in both bacteria. A natural plasmid originating from food-grade L. plantarum BCC9546 was used as a core vector combined with a strong constitutive promoter, L-ldh promoter, and various signal peptides from several types of L. plantarum proteins: ABC transporter, cell wall-associated and extracellular proteins. A gene encoding 88-kDa amylase isolated from starch-related L. plantarum TBRC470 was used as a gene model to evaluate the systems. By comparing the amounts of secreted amylase from the recombinant strains to that of wild type, all signal peptides gave higher yields of secreted amylase in recombinant B. subtilis. Interestingly, two ABC transporter signal peptides from glutamine and mannose ABC transporters provided noticeably high levels of secreted amylase in recombinant L. plantarum. Moreover, these signal peptides also gave high yields of secreted amylase in recombinant B. subtilis. From the results, the signal peptide of glutamine ABC transporter, which functions in essential amino acid transportation that is a precursor for synthesis of nitrogen-containing compounds and nitrogen homeostasis, has a potential use in development of an efficient expression-secretion system for heterologous protein production in both food-grade hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruangurai Promchai
- Microbial Cell Factory Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Klong 1, Klong Luang, 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Wonnop Visessanguan
- Microbial Cell Factory Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Klong 1, Klong Luang, 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Plearnpis Luxananil
- Microbial Cell Factory Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Klong 1, Klong Luang, 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand.
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Modulation of Cas9 level for efficient CRISPR-Cas9-mediated chromosomal and plasmid gene deletion in Bacillus thuringiensis. Biotechnol Lett 2020; 42:625-632. [PMID: 31960185 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-020-02809-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To set up an efficient gene editing system in Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) using CRISPR-Cas9 by demonstrating deletion of chromosomal and plasmid genes. RESULTS CRISPR-Cas9 from Streptococcus pyogenes was found to function in Bt cells, resulting in DNA cleavage that is lethal to the cells. The system was assessed for its ability to mediate gene editing by knock-out of the protease genes nprA (neutral protease A) and aprA (alkaline protease A). Gene editing was not detected when the Bacillus-derived pBCX was used to carry CRISPR-Cas9 elements and a DNA repair template. When the Cas9 promoter was replaced with the sporulation-specific promoter cyt2A, a Bt ∆nprA clone was obtained, but this plasmid construct did not give reproducible results. Bt ∆nprA ∆aprA and Bt ∆aprA deletion mutants were finally generated when the Lactobacillus plantarum-derived plasmid pLPPR9 was used, likely due to its lower copy number reducing Cas9 toxicity. Only three to four clones each needed to be screened to identify the desired gene-modified mutants. Conversely, efficient editing of the plasmid vip3A gene required the use of pBCX and longer homology sequences for the repair template. CONCLUSIONS Capitalizing on the differential impact of plasmid copy number and homology arm length, we devised distinct yet simple and efficient approaches to chromosomal and plasmid gene deletion for Bt that condense the screening process, minimize screening, and facilitate multiple consecutive gene editing steps.
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Secretory Expression Fine-Tuning and Directed Evolution of Diacetylchitobiose Deacetylase by Bacillus subtilis. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:AEM.01076-19. [PMID: 31253675 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01076-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diacetylchitobiose deacetylase has great application potential in the production of chitosan oligosaccharides and monosaccharides. This work aimed to achieve high-level secretory production of diacetylchitobiose deacetylase by Bacillus subtilis and perform molecular engineering to improve catalytic performance. First, we screened 12 signal peptides for diacetylchitobiose deacetylase secretion in B. subtilis, and the signal peptide YncM achieved the highest extracellular diacetylchitobiose deacetylase activity of 13.5 U/ml. Second, by replacing the HpaII promoter with a strong promoter, the P43 promoter, the activity was increased to 18.9 U/ml. An unexpected mutation occurred at the 5' untranslated region of plasmid, and the extracellular activity reached 1,548.1 U/ml, which is 82 times higher than that of the original strain. Finally, site-directed saturation mutagenesis was performed for the molecular engineering of diacetylchitobiose deacetylase to further improve the catalytic efficiency. The extracellular activity of mutant diacetylchitobiose deacetylase R157T reached 2,042.8 U/ml in shake flasks. Mutant R157T exhibited much higher specific activity (3,112.2 U/mg) than the wild type (2,047.3 U/mg). The Km decreased from 7.04 mM in the wild type to 5.19 mM in the mutant R157T, and the V max increased from 5.11 μM s-1 in the wild type to 7.56 μM s-1 in the mutant R157T.IMPORTANCE We successfully achieved efficient secretory production and improved the catalytic efficiency of diacetylchitobiose deacetylase in Bacillus subtilis, and this provides a good foundation for the application of diacetylchitobiose deacetylase in the production of chitosan oligosaccharides and monosaccharides.
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Zhou C, Ye B, Cheng S, Zhao L, Liu Y, Jiang J, Yan X. Promoter engineering enables overproduction of foreign proteins from a single copy expression cassette in Bacillus subtilis. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:111. [PMID: 31200722 PMCID: PMC6570832 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1159-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacillus subtilis is developed to be an attractive expression host to produce both secreted and cytoplasmic proteins owing to its prominent biological characteristics. Chromosomal integration is a stable expression strategy while the expression level is not ideal compared with plasmid expression. Thus, to meet the requirement of protein overexpression, promoter, as one of the key elements, is important. It is necessary to obtain an ideal promoter for overproduction of foreign proteins from a single copy expression cassette. RESULTS The activity of promoter Pylb was further enhanced by optimizing the - 35, - 10 core region and upstream sequence (UP) by substituting both sequences with consensus sequences. The final engineered promoter exhibited almost 26-fold in β-galactosidase (BgaB) activity and 195-fold in super-folded green fluorescent protein (sfGFP) intensity than that of WT. The two proteins account for 43% and 30% of intracellular proteins, respectively. The promoter was eventually tested by successful extracellular overproduction of Methyl Parathion Hydrolase (MPH) and Chlorothalonil hydrolytic dehalogenase (Chd) to a level of 0.3 g/L (144 U/mL) and 0.27 g/L (4.4 U/mL) on shake-flask culture condition. CONCLUSIONS A strong promoter was engineered for efficient chromosomally integrated expression of heterologous proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyang Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural, Environment of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 6 Tongwei Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Ye
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural, Environment of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 6 Tongwei Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural, Environment of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 6 Tongwei Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Leizhen Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural, Environment of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 6 Tongwei Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanxin Liu
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural, Environment of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 6 Tongwei Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiandong Jiang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural, Environment of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 6 Tongwei Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural, Environment of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 6 Tongwei Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Liu H, Wang X, Yang S, Wang R, Wang T. Saturation mutagenesis and self-inducible expression of trehalose synthase in Bacillus subtilis. Biotechnol Prog 2019; 35:e2826. [PMID: 31021505 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose is a nonreducing disaccharide synthesized by trehalose synthase (TreS), which catalyzes the reversible interconversion of maltose and trehalose. We aimed to enhance the catalytic conversion of maltose to trehalose by saturation mutagenesis, and constructed a self-inducible TreS expression system by generating a robust Bacillus subtilis recombinant. We found that the conversion yield and enzymatic activity of TreS was enhanced by saturation mutations, especially by the combination of V407M and K490L mutations. At the same time, these saturation mutations were contributing to reducing by-products in the reaction. Compared to WT TreS, the conversion yield of maltose to trehalose was increased by 11.9%, and the kcat /Km toward trehalose was 1.33 times higher in the reaction catalyzed by treSV407M-K490L . treSV407M-K490L expression was further observed in the recombinant B. subtilis W800N(ΔσF ) under the influence of PsrfA , Pcry3Aa , and PsrfA-cry3Aa promoters without an inducer. It was shown that PsrfA-cry3Aa was evidently a stronger promoter for treSV407M-K490L expression, with the intracellular enzymatic activity of recombinant treSV407M-K490L being over 5,800 U/g at 35 hr in TB medium. These results suggested the combination of two mutations, V407M and K490L, was conducive for the production of trehalose. In addition, the self-inducible TreSV407M/K490L mutant in the B. subtilis host provides a low-cost choice for the industrial production of endotoxin-free trehalose with high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering, QiLu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science &Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xihui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering, QiLu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaojie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering, QiLu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering, QiLu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tengfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering, QiLu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Liu Q, Jin X, Fang F, Li J, Du G, Kang Z. Food-grade expression of an iron-containing acid urease in Bacillus subtilis. J Biotechnol 2019; 293:66-71. [PMID: 30703469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic degradation of urea, the precursor of carcinogenic compound ethylcarbamate in rice wine, is always attractive. In the present study, we achieved high efficient production of Bacillus paralicheniformis iron-containing urease (Bp_Urease) in B. subtilis with the food-grade expression system. After reassembly of the urease gene cluster with inserting ribosome binding site (RBS), the production was increased from 38 U/L to 187 U/L. After altering the position of ureC and co-expressing the iron transporter encoding gene ureH, the activity was further increased to 1307 U/L. Eventually, the urease production was improved to 21,964 U/L in 3-L fermentor, which is the highest reported value to date. Food-grade production of the iron-containing urease would be favorable to the practical applications in food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingtao Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Xuerong Jin
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Fang Fang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Jianghua Li
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Guocheng Du
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.
| | - Zhen Kang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.
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Advances and prospects of Bacillus subtilis cellular factories: From rational design to industrial applications. Metab Eng 2018; 50:109-121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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13
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Promchai R, Boonchalearn A, Visessanguan W, Luxananil P. Rapid production of extracellular thermostable alkaline halophilic protease originating from an extreme haloarchaeon, Halobacterium salinarum by recombinant Bacillus subtilis. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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14
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Yang S, Du G, Chen J, Kang Z. Characterization and application of endogenous phase-dependent promoters in Bacillus subtilis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:4151-4161. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8142-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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