1
|
Bruňáková K, Bálintová M, Petijová L, Čellárová E. Does phenotyping of Hypericum secondary metabolism reveal a tolerance to biotic/abiotic stressors? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1042375. [PMID: 36531362 PMCID: PMC9748567 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1042375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this review we summarize the current knowledge about the changes in Hypericum secondary metabolism induced by biotic/abiotic stressors. It is known that the extreme environmental conditions activate signaling pathways leading to triggering of enzymatic and non-enzymatic defense systems, which stimulate production of secondary metabolites with antioxidant and protective effects. Due to several groups of bioactive compounds including naphthodianthrones, acylphloroglucinols, flavonoids, and phenylpropanes, the world-wide Hypericum perforatum represents a high-value medicinal crop of Hypericum genus, which belongs to the most diverse genera within flowering plants. The summary of the up-to-date knowledge reveals a relationship between the level of defense-related phenolic compounds and interspecific differences in the stress tolerance. The chlorogenic acid, and flavonoids, namely the amentoflavone, quercetin or kaempferol glycosides have been reported as the most defense-related metabolites associated with plant tolerance against stressful environment including temperature, light, and drought, in association with the biotic stimuli resulting from plant-microbe interactions. As an example, the species-specific cold-induced phenolics profiles of 10 Hypericum representatives of different provenances cultured in vitro are illustrated in the case-study. Principal component analysis revealed a relationship between the level of defense-related phenolic compounds and interspecific differences in the stress tolerance indicating a link between the provenance of Hypericum species and inherent mechanisms of cold tolerance. The underlying metabolome alterations along with the changes in the activities of ROS-scavenging enzymes, and non-enzymatic physiological markers are discussed. Given these data it can be anticipated that some Hypericum species native to divergent habitats, with interesting high-value secondary metabolite composition and predicted high tolerance to biotic/abiotic stresses would attract the attention as valuable sources of bioactive compounds for many medicinal purposes.
Collapse
|
2
|
Entensa Y, González-Morales A, Linares C, Vázquez JG, Martínez-Montero ME, Zevallos-Bravo BE, Hajari E, Höfer M, Villalobos-Olivera A, Lorenzo JC. Cryopreservation of Seeds of the Highly Valued Tropical Timber Species Swietenia Mahagoni . CRYOLETTERS 2022. [DOI: 10.54680/fr22610110412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Swietenia mahagoni wood is one of the most valuable in world trade and, as a result, natural populations have been decimated due to unsustainable harvesting. The decline in natural population levels is being exacerbated by climate change. In order to ensure
the preservation of valuable genotypes, there is an urgent need to develop strategies to conserve the genetic diversity present within this species. At present, cryopreservation is the most viable option for the long-term storage of plant germplasm, particularly for long-lived species which
are challenging to maintain in the field. OBJECTIVE:To cryopreserve intact seeds of S. mahagoni, with the dual goal of retaining the biosynthetic capacity of plants, which is critical since this species is highly valued for medicinal purposes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seeds
at a moisture content of 6% were immersed in liquid nitrogen (LN) before warming and recovery. Plantlet establishment and growth were assessed over a period of 70 days and anthraquinone synthesis was determined in roots, stems and leaves. RESULTS: The results showed an initial lag in
the germination rate of cryopreserved seeds compared with control seeds; however, this difference disappeared over time. The lag in seedling emergence observed in cryostored seeds was also evident in the plant characteristics measured following 30 days of culture when all plant parameters
measured were significantly higher in plants produced from control than cryostored seeds. However, after 70 days of growth, these differences were no longer apparent. Anthraquinone levels were also initially lower (at 30 days) in plants regenerated from cryopreserved seeds than those from
control seeds, however, this difference was substantially reduced by 70 days thereby indicating the ability of these plants to accumulate secondary metabolites, albeit at a reduced rate, during the early stages of development. CONCLUSION: In S. mahagoni, the delay in anthraquinone
production in plants regenerated from cryostored seeds during the early stages of development may have occurred as a consequence of the preferential allocation of resources towards the initiation of recovery processes in response to the stresses imposed by cryopreservation. Once the stresses
were overcome and plant growth resumed, resources could be directed to secondary processes such as anthraquinone synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ysmel Entensa
- Laboratory for Plant Breeding and Conservation of Genetic Resources, Bioplant Centre, University of Ciego de Ávila, Ciego de Ávila, 69450, Cuba
| | - Abel González-Morales
- Laboratory for Plant Breeding and Conservation of Genetic Resources, Bioplant Centre, University of Ciego de Ávila, Ciego de Ávila, 69450, Cuba
| | - Claudia Linares
- Laboratory for Plant Breeding and Conservation of Genetic Resources, Bioplant Centre, University of Ciego de Ávila, Ciego de Ávila, 69450, Cuba
| | - José Gerardo Vázquez
- Laboratory for Plant Breeding and Conservation of Genetic Resources, Bioplant Centre, University of Ciego de Ávila, Ciego de Ávila, 69450, Cuba
| | - Marcos Edel Martínez-Montero
- Laboratory for Plant Breeding and Conservation of Genetic Resources, Bioplant Centre, University of Ciego de Ávila, Ciego de Ávila, 69450, Cuba
| | | | - Elliosha Hajari
- Plant Improvement; Agricultural Research Council-Tropical and Subtropical Crops; Private Bag X11208, Nelspruit, 1200, South Africa
| | - Monika Höfer
- Julius Kühn Institute, Institute for Breeding Research on Fruit Crops, Pillnitzer Platz 3a, 01326 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ariel Villalobos-Olivera
- Laboratory for Plant Breeding and Conservation of Genetic Resources, Bioplant Centre, University of Ciego de Ávila, Ciego de Ávila, 69450, Cuba
| | - José Carlos Lorenzo
- Laboratory for Plant Breeding and Conservation of Genetic Resources, Bioplant Centre, University of Ciego de Ávila, Ciego de Ávila, 69450, Cuba
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
The Hypericum genus contains one of the few genera of flowering plants that contains a species with authorization for marketing as a traditional medicine, H. perforatum. Due to the fact that this is a large genus, comprising numerous species, a large amount of interest has been shown over the years in the study of its various pharmacological activities. The chemical composition of these species is quite similar, containing compounds belonging to the class of phloroglucinol derivatives, naphthodianthrones, phenols, flavonoids and essential oils. Taking all of this into consideration, the present study aims to offer an overview of the species of the genus from the point of view of their extraction techniques and analysis methods. An extensive study on the scientific literature was performed, and it revealed a wide range of solvents and extraction methods, among which ethanol and methanol, together with maceration and ultrasonication, are the most frequent. Regarding analysis methods, separation and spectral techniques are the most employed. Therefore, the present study provides necessary data for future studies on the species of the genus, offering a complete overview and a possible basis for their development.
Collapse
|
4
|
Dou L, Sun Y, Li S, Ge C, Shen Q, Li H, Wang W, Mao J, Xiao G, Pang C. Transcriptomic analyses show that 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) promotes cold tolerance in cotton seedlings. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245070. [PMID: 33524020 PMCID: PMC7850480 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In plants, brassinosteroids (BRs) are a class of steroidal hormones that are involved in numerous physiological responses. However, the function of BRs in cold tolerance in cotton has not been explored. In this study, cotton seedlings were treated with five concentrations (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/L) of 24-Epibrassinolide (EBR) at 4°C. We measured the electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, proline content, and net photosynthesis rate (Pn) of the seedlings, which showed that EBR treatment increased cold tolerance in cotton in a dose-dependent manner, and that 0.2 mg/L is an optimum concentration for enhancing cold tolerance. The function of EBR in cotton cotyledons was investigated in the control 0 mg/L (Cold+water) and 0.2 mg/L (Cold+EBR) treatments using RNA-Seq. A total of 4,001 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 2,591 up-regulated genes and 1,409 down-regulated genes were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) and biochemical pathway enrichment analyses showed that EBR is involved in the genetic information process, secondary metabolism, and also inhibits abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene (ETH) signal transduction. In this study, physiological experiments showed that EBR can increase cold tolerance in cotton seedlings, and the comprehensive RNA-seq data shed light on the mechanisms through which EBR increases cold tolerance in cotton seedlings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Dou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yaru Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Shuye Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Changwei Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Qian Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Huaizhu Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiayi Mao
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Guanghui Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
- * E-mail: (GX); (CP)
| | - Chaoyou Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, China
- * E-mail: (GX); (CP)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kimáková K, Petijová L, Bruňáková K, Čellárová E. Relation between hypericin content and morphometric leaf parameters in Hypericum spp.: A case of cubic degree polynomial function. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 271:94-99. [PMID: 29650162 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Higher plants often accumulate secondary metabolites in multicellular structures or in secretory reservoirs. Biotechnological production of such compounds by cell cultures lacking proper morphological structures is difficult, therefore possibilities for an efficient increase of their formation by organ cultures are being searched. The genus Hypericum comprises many species that store photoactive and phototoxic naphthodianthrones in the dark nodules on their above-ground parts. To date, the relation between the content of hypericins and their proto-forms accumulated in the nodules, and morphological characters of the plant parts containing these structures has not been sufficiently explained. The content of hypericins and leaf morphology characters were measured in 12 selected diploid seed-derived Hypericum species cultured in vitro. The leaf volume and the volume of the nodules per leaf were calculated. Based on these data, a cubic degree polynomial regression model with high reliability was constructed. The model enables an estimate of the biosynthetic capacity of the cultures, and may be useful in designing the experiments aimed at elicitation of these unique secondary metabolites in shoot cultures of Hypericum spp. An analogous model may be developed for interpretation of experimental results for other plant species which accumulate metabolites in specialized morphological structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Kimáková
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Mánesova 23, 041 54, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Linda Petijová
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Mánesova 23, 041 54, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Katarína Bruňáková
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Mánesova 23, 041 54, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Eva Čellárová
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Mánesova 23, 041 54, Košice, Slovakia.
| |
Collapse
|