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Kittilä T, Calero P, Fredslund F, Lowe PT, Tezé D, Nieto-Domínguez M, O'Hagan D, Nikel PI, Welner DH. Oligomerization engineering of the fluorinase enzyme leads to an active trimer that supports synthesis of fluorometabolites in vitro. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 15:1622-1632. [PMID: 35084776 PMCID: PMC9049626 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The fluorinase enzyme represents the only biological mechanism capable of forming stable C–F bonds characterized in nature thus far, offering a biotechnological route to the biosynthesis of value‐added organofluorines. The fluorinase is known to operate in a hexameric form, but the consequence(s) of the oligomerization status on the enzyme activity and its catalytic properties remain largely unknown. In this work, this aspect was explored by rationally engineering trimeric fluorinase variants that retained the same catalytic rate as the wild‐type enzyme. These results ruled out hexamerization as a requisite for the fluorination activity. The Michaelis constant (KM) for S‐adenosyl‐l‐methionine, one of the substrates of the fluorinase, increased by two orders of magnitude upon hexamer disruption. Such a shift in S‐adenosyl‐l‐methionine affinity points to a long‐range effect of hexamerization on substrate binding – likely decreasing substrate dissociation and release from the active site. A practical application of trimeric fluorinase is illustrated by establishing in vitro fluorometabolite synthesis in a bacterial cell‐free system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiia Kittilä
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Patricia Calero
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Folmer Fredslund
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Phillip T Lowe
- School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - David Tezé
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Manuel Nieto-Domínguez
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - David O'Hagan
- School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Pablo I Nikel
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Ditte H Welner
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
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