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Zhao L, Wang X, Li Z. A novel chimeric recombinant FliC-Pgp3 vaccine promotes immunoprotection against Chlamydia muridarum infection in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128723. [PMID: 38101679 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The Pgp3 subunit vaccine elicits immune protection against Chlamydia trachomatis infection, but additional adjuvants are still required to enhance its immunoprotective efficacy. Flagellin can selectively stimulate immunity and act as an adjuvant. In this research, the FliC-Pgp3 recombinant was successfully expressed and purified. Tri-immunization with the FliC-Pgp3 vaccine in Balb/C mice induced rapid and persistent germinal center B-cell response and Tfh differentiation, promoting a significantly higher IgG antibody titer compared to the Pgp3 group. FliC-Pgp3 immunization primarily induced Th1-type cellular immunity, leading to higher levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2 secreted by CD4+ T cells than in Pgp3-vaccinated mice. Chlamydia muridarum challenge results showed that FliC-Pgp3-vaccinated mice exhibited more rapid clearance of Chlamydia muridarum colonization in the lower genital tract, ensuring a lower hydrosalpinx rate and cumulative score. Histological analysis showed reduced dilation and inflammatory infiltration in the oviduct and uterine horn of FliC-Pgp3-vaccinated mice compared to the PBS and Pgp3 control. Importantly, tri-immunization with FliC-Pgp3 effectively activated CD4+ T cells and dendritic cells, as confirmed by the adoptive transfer, resulting in better immune protection in recipient mice. In summary, the novel FliC-Pgp3 chimeric is hoped to be a novel vaccine with improved immunoprotection against Chlamydia muridarum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanhua Zhao
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinglv Wang
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongyu Li
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Topalidou X, Kalergis AM, Papazisis G. Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines: A Review of the Candidates and the Approved Vaccines. Pathogens 2023; 12:1259. [PMID: 37887775 PMCID: PMC10609699 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12101259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is responsible for a significant proportion of global morbidity and mortality affecting young children and older adults. In the aftermath of formalin-inactivated RSV vaccine development, the effort to develop an immunizing agent was carefully guided by epidemiologic and pathophysiological evidence of the virus, including various vaccine technologies. The pipeline of RSV vaccine development includes messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA), live-attenuated (LAV), subunit, and recombinant vector-based vaccine candidates targeting different virus proteins. The availability of vaccine candidates of various technologies enables adjustment to the individualized needs of each vulnerable age group. Arexvy® (GSK), followed by Abrysvo® (Pfizer), is the first vaccine available for market use as an immunizing agent to prevent lower respiratory tract disease in older adults. Abrysvo is additionally indicated for the passive immunization of infants by maternal administration during pregnancy. This review presents the RSV vaccine pipeline, analyzing the results of clinical trials. The key features of each vaccine technology are also mentioned. Currently, 24 vaccines are in the clinical stage of development, including the 2 licensed vaccines. Research in the field of RSV vaccination, including the pharmacovigilance methods of already approved vaccines, promotes the achievement of successful prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xanthippi Topalidou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Alexis M. Kalergis
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile;
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Georgios Papazisis
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
- Clinical Research Unit, Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Dai P, Ruan P, Mao Y, Tang Z, Bajinka O, Wu G, Tan Y. The antiviral efficacies of small-molecule inhibitors against respiratory syncytial virus based on the F protein. J Antimicrob Chemother 2022; 78:169-179. [PMID: 36322459 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkac370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is one of the three most common causes of death in the infants, pre-schoolers, immunocompromised patients and elderly individuals due to many complications and lack of specific treatment. During RSV infection, the fusion protein (F protein) mediates the fusion of the virus envelope with the host cell membrane. Therefore, the F protein is an effective target for viral inhibition. METHODS We identified potential small-molecule inhibitors against RSV-F protein for the treatment of RSV infection using virtual screening and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The CCK8 assay was used to determine the cytotoxicity and quantitative RT-PCR and indirect fluorescence assay (IFA) were used to determine the viral replication and RSV-induced inflammation in vitro. An RSV-infected mouse model was established, and viral replication was assayed using real-time quantitative PCR and IFA. Virus-induced complications were also examined using histopathological analysis, airway resistance and the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. RESULTS The top three potential inhibitors against the RSV-F protein were screened from the FDA-approved drug database. Z65, Z85 and Z74 significantly inhibited viral replication and RSV-induced inflammation. They also significantly alleviated RSV infection and RSV-induced complications in vivo. Z65 and Z85 had no cytotoxicity and better anti-RSV effects than Z74. CONCLUSIONS Z65 and Z85 may be suitable candidates for the treatment of RSV and serve as the basis for the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Dai
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China.,Second Department of Laboratory, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan 410006, China
| | - Pinglang Ruan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Mao
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Zhongxiang Tang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Ousman Bajinka
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, China-Africa Research Centre of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Guojun Wu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Yurong Tan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, China-Africa Research Centre of Infectious Diseases, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
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4
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Komuczki D, Dutra G, Gstöttner C, Dominguez‐Vega E, Jungbauer A, Satzer P. Media on-demand: Continuous reconstitution of a chemically defined media directly from solids. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:3382-3394. [PMID: 33656168 PMCID: PMC8451748 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chemically defined media are reconstituted batchwise and stored in hold tanks until use. To avoid large hold tanks and batchwise production of media, we developed continuous on-demand reconstitutions directly from solids consisting of a hopper and a screw conveyor capable of feeding dry powdered media with the required precision ±5% at low dosing rates of 0.171 g min-1 . A commercially available dry powdered cell culture medium was continuously fed over a duration of 12 h into a mixer which was connected to a UV-cell for monitoring and the media were compared to a batchwise production. A comparable amino acid, carbohydrate, and osmolality profile to a batchwise reconstitution could be obtained. Cell cultivation showed comparable performance of batch and continuous reconstitution for two CHO cell lines producing the antibodies adalimumab and trastuzumab on a small and benchtop scale. In-depth analysis of the produced antibodies showed the same glycosylation pattern, other posttranslational profiles such as methionine oxidation and deamidation compared to batchwise reconstitution. Therefore, we conclude a continuous reconstitution of the medium results in the same quality of the product. A continuous on-demand media reconstitution will impact the supply chain and significantly reduce the floor space necessary for preparation and storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Komuczki
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioprocess Science and EngineeringUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Gregory Dutra
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioprocess Science and EngineeringUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Christoph Gstöttner
- Center for Proteomics and MetabolomicsLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenNetherlands
| | - Elena Dominguez‐Vega
- Center for Proteomics and MetabolomicsLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenNetherlands
| | - Alois Jungbauer
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioprocess Science and EngineeringUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial BiotechnologyViennaAustria
| | - Peter Satzer
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioprocess Science and EngineeringUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial BiotechnologyViennaAustria
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Gulla K, Cibelli N, Cooper JW, Fuller HC, Schneiderman Z, Witter S, Zhang Y, Changela A, Geng H, Hatcher C, Narpala S, Tsybovsky Y, Zhang B, Vrc Production Program, McDermott AB, Kwong PD, Gowetski DB. A non-affinity purification process for GMP production of prefusion-closed HIV-1 envelope trimers from clades A and C for clinical evaluation. Vaccine 2021; 39:3379-3387. [PMID: 34020817 PMCID: PMC8243839 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Metastable glycosylated immunogens present challenges for GMP manufacturing. The HIV-1 envelope (Env) glycoprotein trimer is covered by N-linked glycan comprising half its mass and requires both trimer assembly and subunit cleavage to fold into a prefusion-closed conformation. This conformation, the vaccine-desired antigenic state, is both metastable to structural rearrangement and labile to subunit dissociation. Prior reported GMP manufacturing for a soluble trimer stabilized in a near-native state by disulfide (SOS) and Ile-to-Pro (IP) mutations has employed affinity methods based on antibody 2G12, which recognizes only ~30% of circulating HIV strains. Here, we develop a scalable manufacturing process based on commercially available, non-affinity resins, and we apply the process to current GMP (cGMP) production of trimers from clades A and C, which have been found to boost cross-clade neutralizing responses in vaccine-test species. The clade A trimer, which we named "BG505 DS-SOSIP.664", contained an engineered disulfide (201C-433C; DS) within gp120, which further stabilized this trimer in a prefusion-closed conformation resistant to CD4-induced triggering. BG505 DS-SOSIP.664 was expressed in a CHO-DG44 stable cell line and purified with initial and final tangential flow filtration steps, three commercially available resin-based chromatography steps, and two orthogonal viral clearance steps. The non-affinity purification enabled efficient scale-up, with a 250 L-scale cGMP run yielding 9.6 g of purified BG505 DS-SOSIP.664. Antigenic analysis indicated retention of a prefusion-closed conformation, including recognition by apex-directed and fusion peptide-directed antibodies. The developed manufacturing process was suitable for 50 L-scale production of a second prefusion-stabilized Env trimer vaccine candidate, ConC-FP8v2 RnS-3mut-2G-SOSIP.664, yielding 7.8 g of this consensus clade C trimer. The successful process development and purification scale-up of HIV-1 Env trimers from different clades by using commercially available materials provide experimental demonstration for cGMP manufacturing of trimeric HIV-Env vaccine immunogens, in an antigenically desired conformation, without the use of costly affinity resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishana Gulla
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nicole Cibelli
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jonathan W Cooper
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Haley C Fuller
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Zachary Schneiderman
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sara Witter
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yaqiu Zhang
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Anita Changela
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hui Geng
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Christian Hatcher
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sandeep Narpala
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yaroslav Tsybovsky
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Baoshan Zhang
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Vrc Production Program
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Adrian B McDermott
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Peter D Kwong
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Daniel B Gowetski
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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