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Park JK, Park SJ, Jeong B. Poly(l-alanine- co-l-threonine succinate) as a Biomimetic Cryoprotectant. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:58092-58102. [PMID: 38060278 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
We synthesized a series of [(l-Ala)x-co-(l-Thr succinate)y] (PATs), which are analogous to natural antifreezing glycoprotein with the structure of [l-Ala-l-Ala-l-Thr disaccharide]n, by varying the composition and degree of succinylation while fixing their molecular weight (Mn) and Ala/Thr ratio at approximately 10-12 kDa and 2:1, respectively. We investigated their ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI), ice nucleation inhibition (INI), dynamic ice shaping (DIS), thermal hysteresis (TH), and protein cryopreservation activities. Both IRI and INI activities were greater for PATs with higher l-Ala content (PATs-3 and PATs-4) than those with lower l-Ala content (PATs-1 and PATs-2). DIS activity with faceted crystal growth was clearly observed in PATs-2 and PATs-4 with a high degree of succinylation. TH was small with <0.1 °C for all PATs and slightly greater for PATs with a high l-Ala content. Except for PATs-1, the protein (lactate dehydrogenase, LDH) stabilization activity was excellent for all PATs studied, maintaining LDH activity as high as that of fresh LDH even after 15 freeze-thaw cycles. To conclude, the cryo-active biomimetic PATs were synthesized by controlling the l-Ala content and degree of succinylation. Our results showed that PATs with an l-Ala content of 65-70% and degree of succinylation of 12-19% exhibited the cryo-activities of IRI, INI, and DIS, and particularly promising properties for the cryoprotection of LDH protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Kyung Park
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - So-Jung Park
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Byeongmoon Jeong
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea
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Parveen S, Khan A, Jahan N, Aaliya K, Muzaffar A, Tabassum B, Inayatullah S, Moeezullah S, Tariq M, Rehmat Z, Ali N, Hussain A. Expression of Chitinase and shRNA Gene Exhibits Resistance to Fungi and Virus. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051090. [PMID: 37239450 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increasing global population, saving crops from diseases caused by different kinds of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and nematodes is essential. Potato is affected by various diseases, destroying many crops in the field and storage. In this study, we developed potato lines resistant to fungi and viruses, Potato Virus X (PVX) and Potato Virus Y (PVY), by inoculating chitinase for fungi and shRNA designed against the mRNA of the coat protein of PVX and PVY, respectively. The construct was developed using the pCAMBIA2301 vector and transformed into AGB-R (red skin) potato cultivar using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The crude protein extract of the transgenic potato plant inhibited the growth of Fusarium oxysporum from ~13 to 63%. The detached leaf assay of the transgenic line (SP-21) showed decreased necrotic spots compared to the non-transgenic control when challenged with Fusarium oxysporum. The transgenic line, SP-21, showed maximum knockdown when challenged with PVX and PVY, i.e., 89 and 86%, while transgenic line SP-148 showed 68 and 70% knockdown in the PVX- and PVY-challenged conditions, respectively. It is concluded from this study that the developed transgenic potato cultivar AGB-R showed resistance against fungi and viruses (PVX and PVY).
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Parveen
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Anwar Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Nusrat Jahan
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Khadija Aaliya
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Muzaffar
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Tabassum
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Syed Inayatullah
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Syed Moeezullah
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Zainia Rehmat
- Department of Biotechnology, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University Balochistan, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Niaz Ali
- Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan
| | - Abrar Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
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Chen Y, Sui X, Zhang T, Yang J, Zhang L, Han Y. Ice recrystallization inhibition mechanism of zwitterionic poly(carboxybetaine methacrylate). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:2752-2757. [PMID: 36633178 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04445e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI) mechanism is of fundamental importance for the rational design of novel antifreeze protein mimetics and reducing IR-related damage. In this communication, using quantitive experimental methods and molecular dynamics simulations we demonstrate that zwitterionic poly(carboxybetaine methacrylate) (PCBMA) can serve as a novel IRI-active substance. This work unravels the atomic-level details of the IRI mechanism of zwitterionic antifreeze protein mimetics and provides insight into the development of next-generation antifreeze protein mimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaojie Sui
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Tiantong Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China. .,Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China. .,Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - You Han
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China. .,Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
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