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Kusi PA, McGee D, Tabraiz S, Ahmed A. Bicarbonate concentration influences carbon utilization rates and biochemical profiles of freshwater and marine microalgae. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2400361. [PMID: 39212191 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202400361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Selecting the optimal microalgal strain for carbon capture and biomass production is crucial for ensuring the commercial viability of microalgae-based biorefinery processes. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of varying bicarbonate concentrations on the growth rates, inorganic carbon (IC) utilization, and biochemical composition of three freshwater and two marine microalgal species. Parachlorella kessleri, Vischeria cf. stellata, and Porphyridium purpureum achieved the highest carbon removal efficiency (>85%) and biomass production at 6 g L-1 sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), while Phaeodactylum tricornutum showed optimal performance at 1 g L-1 NaHCO3. The growth and carbon removal rate of Scenedesmus quadricauda increased with increasing NaHCO3 concentrations, although its highest carbon removal efficiency (∼70%) was lower than the other species. Varying NaHCO3 levels significantly impacted the biochemical composition of P. kessleri, S. quadricauda, and P. purpureum but did not affect the composition of the remaining species. The fatty acid profiles of the microalgae were dominated by C16 and C18 fatty acids, with P. purpureum and P. tricornutum yielding relatively high polyunsaturated fatty acid content ranging between 14% and 30%. Furthermore, bicarbonate concentration had a species-specific effect on the fatty acid and chlorophyll-a content. This study demonstrates the potential of bicarbonate as an effective IC source for microalgal cultivation, highlighting its ability to select microalgal species for various applications based on their carbon capture efficiency and biochemical composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Asare Kusi
- Section of Natural and Applied Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, UK
| | | | - Shamas Tabraiz
- Section of Natural and Applied Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, UK
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Asma Ahmed
- Section of Natural and Applied Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, UK
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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2
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Gao X, jing X, Li J, Guo M, Liu L, Li Z, Liu K, Zhu D. Exploitation of inland salt lake water by dilution and nutrient enrichment to cultivate Vischeria sp. WL1 (Eustigmatophyceae) for biomass and oil production. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 41:e00823. [PMID: 38179180 PMCID: PMC10765011 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2023.e00823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Salt lakes are significant components of global inland waters. Salt lake (SL) water can provide precious mineral resource for microbial growth. The prospect of utilizing diluted SL water for cultivation of a terrestrial oil-producing microalga Vischeria sp. WL1 was evaluated under laboratory conditions. Based on the detected mineral element composition, the water from Gouchi Salt Lake was diluted 2, 4, 6 and 8 folds and used with supplementation of additional nitrogen, phosphorus and iron (SL+ water). It was found that 4 folds diluted SL+ water was most favorable for biomass and oil production. When cultivated in this condition, Vischeria sp. WL1 gained a biomass yield of 0.82 g L-1 and an oil yield of 0.56 g L-1 after 24 days of cultivation, which is comparable to the optimum productivity we previously established. In addition, total monounsaturated fatty acid contents (64.4∼68.1 %) of the oils resulted from cultures in diluted SL+waters were higher than that in the control (55.5 %). It was also noteworthy that in all these cultures the oil contents (652.0∼681.0 mg g-1) accounted for the most of the biomass, which are far more than the protein and starch contents. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using SL water as a cost-effective mineral resource to cultivate microalgae for biomass and oil production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Gao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Xin jing
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Jiahong Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Min Guo
- Research Center of Basic Medical Science, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, China
| | - Lei Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Zhengke Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Kaihui Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Derui Zhu
- Research Center of Basic Medical Science, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, China
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3
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Gaysina LA. Influence of pH on the Morphology and Cell Volume of Microscopic Algae, Widely Distributed in Terrestrial Ecosystems. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:357. [PMID: 38337891 PMCID: PMC10857513 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Terrestrial algae are a group of photosynthetic organisms that can survive in extreme conditions. pH is one of the most important factors influencing the distribution of algae in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. The impact of different pH levels on the cell volume and other morphological characteristics of authentic and reference strains of Chlorella vulgaris, Bracteacoccus minor, Pseudoccomyxa simplex, Chlorococcum infusionum, and Vischeria magna were studied. Chlorella vulgaris, Pseudoccomyxa simplex, and Vischeria magna were the most resistant species, retaining their morphology in the range of pH 4-11.5 and pH 3.5-11, respectively. The change in pH towards acidic and alkaline levels caused an increase in the volume of Pseudoccomixa simplex and Vischeria magna cells, according to a polynomial regression model. The volume of Chlorella vulgaris cells increased from a low to high pH according to a linear regression model. Changes in pH levels did not have a significant impact on the volume of Bracteacoccus minor and Chlorococcum infusionum cells. Low and high levels of pH caused an increase in oil-containing substances in Vischeria magna and Bracteacoccus minor cells. Our study revealed a high resistance of the studied species to extreme pH levels, which allows for us to recommend these strains for broader use in biotechnology and conservation studies of natural populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lira A. Gaysina
- Department of Bioecology and Biological Education, M. Akmullah Bashkir State Pedagogical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia;
- All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, 143050 Bolshye Vyazemy, Russia
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4
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Luo Z, Wang Z, Tang Y, Sun Y, Jiang Y, Yang W, Chen G, Huang L. Complete mitochondrial genome of an oleaginous microalga Vischeria punctata (Eustigmatophyceae: Chlorobotryaceae) and phylogenetic analysis. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2024; 9:94-99. [PMID: 38249358 PMCID: PMC10798287 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2023.2301027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Vischeria punctata, as first described by Vischer in 1945, is a member of the family Chlorobotryaceae, within the order Eustigmatales. This species is recognized for its potential as a source of biofuels and other high-value products. In the present investigation, the whole genome of V. punctata was sequenced utilizing the Illumina HiSeq 4000 platform, enabling the assembly and annotation of its complete mitochondrial genome. The resulting circular genome spans 41,528 base pairs (bp) with a guanine-cytosine (GC) content of 27.3%. This genome encompasses 36 protein-coding genes, alongside 28 transfer RNA (tRNA), and three ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. The evolutionary trajectory of V. punctata was further explored by constructing a phylogenetic tree derived from the mitochondrial 33 gene dataset of 16 Ochrophyta species. Comparative analysis reveals that V. punctata bears closer ties to Vischeria sp. CAUP Q202 than to Vischeria stellata strain SAG 33.83, suggesting shared evolutionary pathways and phenotypic traits. This investigation constitutes the inaugural study into the mitochondrial evolution and phylogenetic patterning of the mitogenome in V. punctata. The outcomes from this research bolster our understanding of the genetic diversity and evolutionary processes within the class Eustigmatophyceae. In particular, the mitochondrial genome of V. punctata serves as a valuable resource in elucidating these aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouwei Luo
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yanhang Tang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yuexin Sun
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Wenjie Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Ge Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Luodong Huang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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Yuorieva N, Sinetova M, Messineva E, Kulichenko I, Fomenkov A, Vysotskaya O, Osipova E, Baikalova A, Prudnikova O, Titova M, Nosov AV, Popova E. Plants, Cells, Algae, and Cyanobacteria In Vitro and Cryobank Collections at the Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences-A Platform for Research and Production Center. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:838. [PMID: 37372123 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Ex situ collections of algae, cyanobacteria, and plant materials (cell cultures, hairy and adventitious root cultures, shoots, etc.) maintained in vitro or in liquid nitrogen (-196 °C, LN) are valuable sources of strains with unique ecological and biotechnological traits. Such collections play a vital role in bioresource conservation, science, and industry development but are rarely covered in publications. Here, we provide an overview of five genetic collections maintained at the Institute of Plant Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPPRAS) since the 1950-1970s using in vitro and cryopreservation approaches. These collections represent different levels of plant organization, from individual cells (cell culture collection) to organs (hairy and adventitious root cultures, shoot apices) to in vitro plants. The total collection holdings comprise more than 430 strains of algae and cyanobacteria, over 200 potato clones, 117 cell cultures, and 50 strains of hairy and adventitious root cultures of medicinal and model plant species. The IPPRAS plant cryobank preserves in LN over 1000 specimens of in vitro cultures and seeds of wild and cultivated plants belonging to 457 species and 74 families. Several algae and plant cell culture strains have been adapted for cultivation in bioreactors from laboratory (5-20-L) to pilot (75-L) to semi-industrial (150-630-L) scale for the production of biomass with high nutritive or pharmacological value. Some of the strains with proven biological activities are currently used to produce cosmetics and food supplements. Here, we provide an overview of the current collections' composition and major activities, their use in research, biotechnology, and commercial application. We also highlight the most interesting studies performed with collection strains and discuss strategies for the collections' future development and exploitation in view of current trends in biotechnology and genetic resources conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalya Yuorieva
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Sinetova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Messineva
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Kulichenko
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Artem Fomenkov
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Vysotskaya
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Osipova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Angela Baikalova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Prudnikova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Titova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander V Nosov
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Popova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
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Kholssi R, Lougraimzi H, Moreno-Garrido I. Influence of salinity and temperature on the growth, productivity, photosynthetic activity and intracellular ROS of two marine microalgae and cyanobacteria. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 186:105932. [PMID: 36863077 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.105932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Global Climate Change could change physical parameters in oceans, such as salinity and temperature. The impact of such changes in phytoplankton has not been well stated yet. In this study the effect of combination of three levels of temperature (20, 23, and 26 °C), and three levels of salinity (33, 36, and 39) on growth of a mixture co-cultivation of three common species from phytoplankton (one cyanobacteria, Synechococcus sp., and two microalgae, Chaetoceros gracilis, and Rhodomonas baltica), is monitored by flow cytometry under controlled cultivation conditions in a 96 h study. Chlorophyll content, enzymes activities and oxidative stress were also measured. Results demonstrate that cultures of Synechococcus sp. Exhibited a high growth at the highest temperature chosen in this study (26 °C) combined with the three selected salinity levels 33, 36, and 39. Nevertheless, Chaetoceros gracilis grew very slowly with the combination of high temperature (39 °C) and all salinities, while Rhodomonas baltica did not grow at temperatures higher than 23 °C. Maximum dry biomass and ash-free dry weight for the microalgal mixture were reached at salinity of 39 and temperature of 20 °C, the but highest chlorophyll fluorescence values were found at 30 salinity and 20 °C, decreasing as salinity and temperature increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajaa Kholssi
- Composting Research Group, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burgos, Burgos, Spain; Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (ICMAN-CSIC), Campus Río San Pedro, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
| | - Hanane Lougraimzi
- Laboratory of Plant, Animal and Agro-Industry Productions, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, BP: 242, 14000, Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Ignacio Moreno-Garrido
- Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (ICMAN-CSIC), Campus Río San Pedro, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
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Yakoviichuk A, Krivova Z, Maltseva S, Kochubey A, Kulikovskiy M, Maltsev Y. Antioxidant Status and Biotechnological Potential of New Vischeria vischeri (Eustigmatophyceae) Soil Strains in Enrichment Cultures. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:654. [PMID: 36978902 PMCID: PMC10045218 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The functional state of enrichment cultures of the Eustigmatophycean strains Vischeria vischeri MZ-E3 and MZ-E4 after 25-day cultivation in the BBM medium was studied. The concentrations of chlorophyll a, total carotenoids, protein, vitamins A and E, fatty acid peroxidation product content, an antioxidant enzyme, and succinate dehydrogenase activity were measured. MZ-E3 succinate dehydrogenase activity was significantly higher by 2.21 times; the MZ-E4 strain had 2.94 times higher glutathione peroxidase activity. The MZ-E3 antioxidant activity index and the MZ-E3 unsaturation of fatty acids were 1.3 and 1.25 times higher than the MZ-E4. The retinol and α-tocopherol content of the MZ-E3 was 28.6% and 38.76% higher than MZ-E4. The main fatty acid profile differences were the 3.46-fold and 3.92-fold higher stearic and eicosapentaenoic acid content in the MZ-E4 biomass. MZ-E3 had higher antioxidant, energy, and metabolic and photosynthetic status than MZ-E4. The antioxidant status of the studied strains showed the dependence of the adaptive mechanisms of each, associated with differences in the ecological conditions of the biotopes from which they were isolated. These strains are promising for producing α-tocopherol and biomass enriched with omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr Yakoviichuk
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, A. Makarenko Melitopol State University, Melitopol 72312, Russia
| | - Zinaida Krivova
- Laboratory of Molecular Systematics of Aquatic Plants, K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, IPP RAS, Moscow 127276, Russia
| | - Svetlana Maltseva
- Laboratory of Molecular Systematics of Aquatic Plants, K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, IPP RAS, Moscow 127276, Russia
| | - Angelica Kochubey
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, A. Makarenko Melitopol State University, Melitopol 72312, Russia
| | - Maxim Kulikovskiy
- Laboratory of Molecular Systematics of Aquatic Plants, K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, IPP RAS, Moscow 127276, Russia
| | - Yevhen Maltsev
- Laboratory of Molecular Systematics of Aquatic Plants, K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, IPP RAS, Moscow 127276, Russia
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8
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Yang Y, Hassan SH, Awasthi MK, Gajendran B, Sharma M, Ji MK, Salama ES. The recent progress on the bioactive compounds from algal biomass for human health applications. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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9
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Tripathi DK, Punj V, Singh NK, Guerriero G, Deshmukh R, Sharma S. Recent biotechnological avenues in crop improvement and stress management. J Biotechnol 2022; 349:21-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Fal S, Aasfar A, Rabie R, Smouni A, Arroussi HEL. Salt induced oxidative stress alters physiological, biochemical and metabolomic responses of green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08811. [PMID: 35118209 PMCID: PMC8792077 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most significant environmental factors limiting microalgal biomass productivity. In the present study, the model microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (C. reinhardtii) was exposed to 200 mM NaCl for eight days to explore the physiological, biochemical and metabolomic changes. C. reinhradtii exhibited a significant decrease in growth rate, and Chl a and Chl b levels. 200 mM NaCl induced ROS generation in C. reinhardtii with increase in H2O2 content. This caused lipid peroxidation with increase in MDA levels. C. reinhardtii also exhibited an increase in carbohydrate and lipid accumulation under 200 mM NaCl conditions as storage molecules in cells to maintain microalgal survival. In addition, NaCl stress increased the content of carotenoids, polyphenols and osmoprotectant molecules such as proline. SOD and APX activities decreased, while ROS-scavenger enzymes (POD and CAT) decreased. Metabolomic response showed an accumulation of the major molecules implicated in membrane remodelling and stress resistance such oleic acid (40.29%), linolenic acid (19.29%), alkanes, alkenes and phytosterols. The present study indicates the physiological, biochemical and metabolomic responses of C. reinhardtii to salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soufiane Fal
- Green Biotechnology Laboratory, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research (MASCIR), Rabat Design Center, Rue Mohamed Al Jazouli – Madinat Al Irfane, Rabat, Morocco
- Plant Physiology and Biotechnology Team, Center of Plant and Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abderahim Aasfar
- Green Biotechnology Laboratory, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research (MASCIR), Rabat Design Center, Rue Mohamed Al Jazouli – Madinat Al Irfane, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Reda Rabie
- Green Biotechnology Laboratory, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research (MASCIR), Rabat Design Center, Rue Mohamed Al Jazouli – Madinat Al Irfane, Rabat, Morocco
- University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Fez, Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Fez, Morocco
| | - Abelaziz Smouni
- Plant Physiology and Biotechnology Team, Center of Plant and Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hicham EL. Arroussi
- Green Biotechnology Laboratory, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research (MASCIR), Rabat Design Center, Rue Mohamed Al Jazouli – Madinat Al Irfane, Rabat, Morocco
- Agrobiosciences Program, University Mohamed 6 Polytechnic (UM6P), Ben-Guerir, Morocco
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Ren Y, Sun H, Deng J, Huang J, Chen F. Carotenoid Production from Microalgae: Biosynthesis, Salinity Responses and Novel Biotechnologies. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:713. [PMID: 34940712 PMCID: PMC8708220 DOI: 10.3390/md19120713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae are excellent biological factories for high-value products and contain biofunctional carotenoids. Carotenoids are a group of natural pigments with high value in social production and human health. They have been widely used in food additives, pharmaceutics and cosmetics. Astaxanthin, β-carotene and lutein are currently the three carotenoids with the largest market share. Meanwhile, other less studied pigments, such as fucoxanthin and zeaxanthin, also exist in microalgae and have great biofunctional potentials. Since carotenoid accumulation is related to environments and cultivation of microalgae in seawater is a difficult biotechnological problem, the contributions of salt stress on carotenoid accumulation in microalgae need to be revealed for large-scale production. This review comprehensively summarizes the carotenoid biosynthesis and salinity responses of microalgae. Applications of salt stress to induce carotenoid accumulation, potentials of the Internet of Things in microalgae cultivation and future aspects for seawater cultivation are also discussed. As the global market share of carotenoids is still ascending, large-scale, economical and intelligent biotechnologies for carotenoid production play vital roles in the future microalgal economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ren
- Institute for Food and Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (H.S.); (J.D.)
- Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Han Sun
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (H.S.); (J.D.)
- Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jinquan Deng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (H.S.); (J.D.)
- Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Junchao Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (H.S.); (J.D.)
- Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (H.S.); (J.D.)
- Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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