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Liu H, Zhen F, Wu D, Wang Z, Kong X, Li Y, Xing T, Sun Y. Co-production of lactate and volatile fatty acids through repeated-batch fermentation of fruit and vegetable waste: Effect of cycle time and replacement ratio. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 387:129678. [PMID: 37579859 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, repeated-batch fermentation was used to convert fruit and vegetable waste to lactate and volatile fatty acids (VFAs), which are essential carbon sources for medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) production. The effect of cycle time and replacement ratio on acidification in long-term fermentation was investigated. The results showed that they had a significant impact on product yield, productivity, and type of products. Considering the yield, productivity, and lactate/VFAs ratio, a replacement ratio of 30% and a cycle time of 2 d may be more suitable for further production of MCFAs. Its productivity and lactate/VFAs ratio were 4.07 ± 0.24 g/(L·d) and 5 ± 0.6, respectively. The lactic acid bacteria, such as Enterococcus (63%) and Lactobacillus (33%), stabilized in the reactor, resulting in the generation of both lactate and VFAs by heterolactic fermentation. The present study demonstrated a new strategy with the potential to recover high-value products from organic waste streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiliang Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feng Zhen
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Di Wu
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiaoying Kong
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ying Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Tao Xing
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Yongming Sun
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
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High-Gravity Fermentation for Bioethanol Production from Industrial Spent Black Cherry Brine Supplemented with Whey. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9020170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
By-products from different industries could represent an available source of carbon and nitrogen which could be used for bioethanol production using conventional Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. Spent cherry brine and whey are acid food by-products which have a high organic matter content and toxic compounds, and their discharges represent significant environmental and economic challenges. In this study, different combinations of urea, yeast concentrations, and whey as a nutrient source were tested for bioethanol production scale-up using 96-well microplates as well as 7.5 L to 100 L bioreactors. For bioethanol production in vials, the addition of urea allowed increasing the bioethanol yield by about 10%. Bioethanol production in the 7.5 L and 100 L bioreactors was 73.2 g·L−1 and 103.5 g·L−1 with a sugar consumption of 81.5% and 94.8%, respectively, using spent cherry brine diluted into whey (200 g·L−1 of total sugars) supplemented with 0.5 g·L−1 urea and 0.5 g·L−1 yeast at 30 °C and a pH of 5.0 after 96 h of fermentation for both systems. The results allow these by-products to be considered low-economic-value alternatives for fuel- or food-grade bioethanol production.
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Repeated-Batch Ethanol Fermentation from Sweet Sorghum Stem Juice under a Very High Gravity Condition Using a Stirred Tank Bioreactor Coupled with a Column Bioreactor by Immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9020159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The ethanol fermentation efficiency of sweet sorghum stem juice (SSJ) under a very high gravity (VHG) condition (250 g/L of sugar) was improved by immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae SSJKKU01, using a stirred tank bioreactor (STR) coupled with a column bioreactor (CR). Dried rattan pieces (as carriers for cell immobilization) at 50% of the working volume of the CR were suitable for use in a batch ethanol fermentation. The average ethanol concentration (PE) and ethanol productivity (QP) of repeated-batch fermentation in the CR for eight successive cycles were 109.85 g/L and 1.88 g/L⋅h, respectively. Then an STR coupled with a CR was applied for repeated-batch ethanol fermentation in two systems. System I was an STR (1.8 L working volume), and System II was an STR (1 L) coupled with a CR, referred to as a CR-F (0.8 L). Both systems were connected to a new CR, called CR-I, containing sterile dried rattan pieces at 50% of its working volume. Active yeast cells were inoculated only into the STR, and the medium circulation rate between bioreactors was 5.2 mL/min. The results showed that at least eight successive cycles could be operated with an average PE of 108.51 g/L for System I and 109.44 g/L for System II. The average QP and SC values of both systems were also similar, with values of 1.87 to 1.88 g/L⋅h and 93 to 94%, respectively. The morphology of the carriers with and without immobilized cells before and after the fermentation was investigated. The obtained results demonstrated that a repeated-batch fermentation by immobilized cells on rattan pieces, using an STR coupled with a CR, was successfully used to produce high levels of ethanol from SSJ under a VHG condition.
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Condor BE, de Luna MDG, Chang YH, Chen JH, Leong YK, Chen PT, Chen CY, Lee DJ, Chang JS. Bioethanol production from microalgae biomass at high-solids loadings. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:128002. [PMID: 36155816 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Industrial adoption of microalgae biofuel technology has always been hindered by its economic viability. To increase the feasibility of bioethanol production from microalgae, fermentation was applied to Chlorella vulgaris FSP-E biomass at high-solids loading conditions. First, Chlorella vulgaris FSP-E was cultivated to produce microalgae biomass with high carbohydrate content. Next, different ethanol-producing microorganisms were screened. Saccharomyces cerevisiae FAY-1 showed no inhibition when fermenting high initial glucose concentrations and was selected for the fermentation experiments at high-solids loadings. Optimization of acid hydrolysis at high biomass loading was also performed. The fermentation of microalgal biomass hydrolysate produced a final ethanol concentration and yield higher than most reported literature using microalgae feedstock. In addition, the kinetics of bioethanol fermentation of microalgae hydrolysate under high-solids loading were evaluated. These results showed the potential of fermenting microalgae biomass at high-solids loading in improving the viability of microalgae bioethanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Billriz E Condor
- Energy Engineering Program, National Graduate School of Engineering, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines
| | - Mark Daniel G de Luna
- Energy Engineering Program, National Graduate School of Engineering, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines; Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines
| | - Yu-Han Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Heng Chen
- Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yoong Kit Leong
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ting Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 71005, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yen Chen
- University Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tang, Hong Kong
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li 32003, Taiwan.
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