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Lee CH, Decker AM, Cackowski FC, Taichman RS. Bone microenvironment signaling of cancer stem cells as a therapeutic target in metastatic prostate cancer. Cell Biol Toxicol 2019; 36:115-130. [PMID: 31250347 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-019-09483-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prevalent cancers and the second leading cause of cancer death among US males. When diagnosed in an early disease stage, primary tumors of PCa may be treated with surgical resection or radiation, sometimes combined with androgen deprivation therapy, with favorable outcomes. Unfortunately, the treatment efficacy of each approach decreases significantly in later stages of PCa that involve metastasis to soft tissues and bone. Metastatic PCa is a heterogeneous disease containing host cells, mature cancer cells, and subpopulation of cancer stem cells (CSC). CSCs are highly tumorigenic due to their self-renewing and differentiating potential, clinically resulting in recurrence and resistance to standard therapies. Therefore, there is a large unmet clinical need to develop therapies, which target CSC activity. In this review, we summarize the main signaling pathways that are implicated in the current pre-clinical and clinical studies of recurrent metastatic PCa within the bone microenvironment targeting CSCs and discuss the trajectory of therapeutics moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara H Lee
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ann M Decker
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Frank C Cackowski
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Russell S Taichman
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. .,Department of Periodontology, University of Alabama Birmingham School of Dentistry, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
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Ishchenko Y, Shakirzyanova A, Giniatullina R, Skorinkin A, Bart G, Turhanen P, Määttä JA, Mönkkönen J, Giniatullin R. Selective Calcium-Dependent Inhibition of ATP-Gated P2X3 Receptors by Bisphosphonate-Induced Endogenous ATP Analog ApppI. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2017; 361:472-481. [PMID: 28404687 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.116.238840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain is the most unbearable symptom accompanying primary bone cancers and bone metastases. Bone resorptive disorders are often associated with hypercalcemia, contributing to the pathologic process. Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (NBPs) are efficiently used to treat bone cancers and metastases. Apart from their toxic effect on cancer cells, NBPs also provide analgesia via poorly understood mechanisms. We previously showed that NBPs, by inhibiting the mevalonate pathway, induced formation of novel ATP analogs such as ApppI [1-adenosin-5'-yl ester 3-(3-methylbut-3-enyl) triphosphoric acid diester], which can potentially be involved in NBP analgesia. In this study, we used the patch-clamp technique to explore the action of ApppI on native ATP-gated P2X receptors in rat sensory neurons and rat and human P2X3, P2X2, and P2X7 receptors expressed in human embryonic kidney cells. We found that although ApppI has weak agonist activity, it is a potent inhibitor of P2X3 receptors operating in the nanomolar range. The inhibitory action of ApppI was completely blocked in hypercalcemia-like conditions and was stronger in human than in rat P2X3 receptors. In contrast, P2X2 and P2X7 receptors were insensitive to ApppI, suggesting a high selectivity of ApppI for the P2X3 receptor subtype. NBP, metabolite isopentenyl pyrophosphate, and endogenous AMP did not exert any inhibitory action, indicating that only intact ApppI has inhibitory activity. Ca2+-dependent inhibition was stronger in trigeminal neurons preferentially expressing desensitizing P2X3 subunits than in nodose ganglia neurons, which also express nondesensitizing P2X2 subunits. Altogether, we characterized previously unknown purinergic mechanisms of NBP-induced metabolites and suggest ApppI as the endogenous pain inhibitor contributing to cancer treatment with NBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevheniia Ishchenko
- A. I. Virtanen Institute (Y.I., A.Sh., Rai.G., G.B., Ras.G.) and School of Pharmacy (P.T., J. M.), University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan, Russia (A.Sh., A.Sk.); Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland (J.A.M.); and Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia (A.Sh., A.Sk., R.Gas.)
| | - Anastasia Shakirzyanova
- A. I. Virtanen Institute (Y.I., A.Sh., Rai.G., G.B., Ras.G.) and School of Pharmacy (P.T., J. M.), University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan, Russia (A.Sh., A.Sk.); Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland (J.A.M.); and Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia (A.Sh., A.Sk., R.Gas.)
| | - Raisa Giniatullina
- A. I. Virtanen Institute (Y.I., A.Sh., Rai.G., G.B., Ras.G.) and School of Pharmacy (P.T., J. M.), University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan, Russia (A.Sh., A.Sk.); Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland (J.A.M.); and Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia (A.Sh., A.Sk., R.Gas.)
| | - Andrei Skorinkin
- A. I. Virtanen Institute (Y.I., A.Sh., Rai.G., G.B., Ras.G.) and School of Pharmacy (P.T., J. M.), University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan, Russia (A.Sh., A.Sk.); Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland (J.A.M.); and Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia (A.Sh., A.Sk., R.Gas.)
| | - Genevieve Bart
- A. I. Virtanen Institute (Y.I., A.Sh., Rai.G., G.B., Ras.G.) and School of Pharmacy (P.T., J. M.), University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan, Russia (A.Sh., A.Sk.); Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland (J.A.M.); and Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia (A.Sh., A.Sk., R.Gas.)
| | - Petri Turhanen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute (Y.I., A.Sh., Rai.G., G.B., Ras.G.) and School of Pharmacy (P.T., J. M.), University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan, Russia (A.Sh., A.Sk.); Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland (J.A.M.); and Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia (A.Sh., A.Sk., R.Gas.)
| | - Jorma A Määttä
- A. I. Virtanen Institute (Y.I., A.Sh., Rai.G., G.B., Ras.G.) and School of Pharmacy (P.T., J. M.), University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan, Russia (A.Sh., A.Sk.); Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland (J.A.M.); and Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia (A.Sh., A.Sk., R.Gas.)
| | - Jukka Mönkkönen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute (Y.I., A.Sh., Rai.G., G.B., Ras.G.) and School of Pharmacy (P.T., J. M.), University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan, Russia (A.Sh., A.Sk.); Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland (J.A.M.); and Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia (A.Sh., A.Sk., R.Gas.)
| | - Rashid Giniatullin
- A. I. Virtanen Institute (Y.I., A.Sh., Rai.G., G.B., Ras.G.) and School of Pharmacy (P.T., J. M.), University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan, Russia (A.Sh., A.Sk.); Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland (J.A.M.); and Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia (A.Sh., A.Sk., R.Gas.)
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