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Vyletelová V, Nováková M, Pašková Ľ. Alterations of HDL's to piHDL's Proteome in Patients with Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, and HDL-Targeted Therapies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1278. [PMID: 36297390 PMCID: PMC9611871 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, steatohepatitis, periodontitis, chronic kidney disease, and others are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, which persists even after accounting for traditional cardiac risk factors. The common factor linking these diseases to accelerated atherosclerosis is chronic systemic low-grade inflammation triggering changes in lipoprotein structure and metabolism. HDL, an independent marker of cardiovascular risk, is a lipoprotein particle with numerous important anti-atherogenic properties. Besides the essential role in reverse cholesterol transport, HDL possesses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antithrombotic properties. Inflammation and inflammation-associated pathologies can cause modifications in HDL's proteome and lipidome, transforming HDL from atheroprotective into a pro-atherosclerotic lipoprotein. Therefore, a simple increase in HDL concentration in patients with inflammatory diseases has not led to the desired anti-atherogenic outcome. In this review, the functions of individual protein components of HDL, rendering them either anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory are described in detail. Alterations of HDL proteome (such as replacing atheroprotective proteins by pro-inflammatory proteins, or posttranslational modifications) in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases and their impact on cardiovascular health are discussed. Finally, molecular, and clinical aspects of HDL-targeted therapies, including those used in therapeutical practice, drugs in clinical trials, and experimental drugs are comprehensively summarised.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ľudmila Pašková
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, 83232 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor-targeted therapeutics in rheumatic diseases. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2022; 18:335-351. [PMID: 35508810 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-022-00784-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), which acts via G protein-coupled S1P receptors (S1PRs), is a bioactive lipid essential for vascular integrity and lymphocyte trafficking. The S1P-S1PR signalling axis is a key component of the inflammatory response in autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Several drugs that target S1PRs have been approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease and are under clinical testing for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Preclinical studies support the hypothesis that targeting the S1P-S1PR axis would be beneficial to patients with SLE, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic sclerosis (SSc) by reducing pathological inflammation. Whereas most preclinical research and development efforts are focused on reducing lymphocyte trafficking, protective effects of circulating S1P on endothelial S1PRs, which maintain the vascular barrier and enable blood circulation while dampening leukocyte extravasation, have been largely overlooked. In this Review, we take a holistic view of S1P-S1PR signalling in lymphocyte and vascular pathobiology. We focus on the potential of S1PR modulators for the treatment of SLE, RA and SSc and summarize the rationale, pathobiology and evidence from preclinical models and clinical studies. Improved understanding of S1P pathobiology in autoimmune rheumatic diseases and S1PR therapeutic modulation is anticipated to lead to efficacious and safer management of these diseases.
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Jahangir S, John P, Bhatti A, Aslam MM, Mehmood Malik J, Anderson JR, Peffers MJ. LC-MS/MS-Based Serum Protein Profiling for Identification of Candidate Biomarkers in Pakistani Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12030464. [PMID: 35330214 PMCID: PMC8955720 DOI: 10.3390/life12030464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder of complex disease etiology. Currently available serological diagnostic markers lack in terms of sensitivity and specificity and thus additional biomarkers are warranted for early disease diagnosis and management. We aimed to screen and compare serum proteome profiles of rheumatoid arthritis serotypes with healthy controls in the Pakistani population for identification of potential disease biomarkers. Serum samples from rheumatoid arthritis patients and healthy controls were enriched for low abundance proteins using ProteoMinerTM columns. Rheumatoid arthritis patients were assigned to one of the four serotypes based on anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies and rheumatoid factor. Serum protein profiles were analyzed via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The changes in the protein abundances were determined using label-free quantification software ProgenesisQITM followed by pathway analysis. Findings were validated in an independent cohort of patients and healthy controls using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A total of 213 proteins were identified. Comparative analysis of all groups (false discovery rate < 0.05, >2-fold change, and identified with ≥2 unique peptides) identified ten proteins that were differentially expressed between rheumatoid arthritis serotypes and healthy controls including pregnancy zone protein, selenoprotein P, C4b-binding protein beta chain, apolipoprotein M, N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase, catalytic chain, oncoprotein-induced transcript 3 protein, Carboxypeptidase N subunit 2, Apolipoprotein C-I and Apolipoprotein C-III. Pathway analysis predicted inhibition of liver X receptor/retinoid X receptor activation pathway and production of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species pathway in macrophages in all serotypes. A catalogue of potential serum biomarkers for rheumatoid arthritis were identified. These biomarkers can be further evaluated in larger cohorts from different populations for their diagnostic and prognostic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidrah Jahangir
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (S.J.); (A.B.)
| | - Peter John
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (S.J.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +92-051-9085-6151
| | - Attya Bhatti
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (S.J.); (A.B.)
| | - Muhammad Muaaz Aslam
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15216, USA;
| | | | - James R. Anderson
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK; (J.R.A.); (M.J.P.)
| | - Mandy J. Peffers
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK; (J.R.A.); (M.J.P.)
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Liu W, Yang Z, Yan T, Zhang H, Liu R. Associations of the IL-1B level, IL-1A and IL-1B gene polymorphisms and ankylosing spondylitis risk in a Chinese Han population. Cytokine 2019; 126:154918. [PMID: 31726259 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of interleukin (IL)-1A and IL-1B gene polymorphisms on ankylosing spondylitis (AS) susceptibility in a Chinese population. Additionally, we examined the association of IL-1B level with different genotype of rs2853550 polymorphism and clinicopathological features of AS patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS The IL-1B concentration in plasma was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The IL-1A rs3783546, IL-1A rs3783550 and IL-1B rs2853550 gene polymorphisms were determined by using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RESULTS Our data indicated that the average plasma IL-1B concentration in the AS patients was markedly higher than in the control samples. Subgroup analyses suggested that there was no significant association between plasma IL-1B concentration and sex, age, HLA-B27, C-reactive protein (CRP), or grade of the sacroiliac joint in AS patients. We also found that the IL-1B rs2853550 AG genotype showed significantly correlation with an increased risk of AS. In comparing AS patients to control participants, elevated plasma concentrations were observed in AS patients while significant differences were found between the IL-1B rs2853550 AA genotypes. There is a negative correlation between the IL-1A rs3783550 and IL-1A rs3783546 polymorphisms in the AS patients in relation to controls. CONCLUSIONS The IL-1B concentration in plasma was markedly higher in cases and AA genotype carriers. Furthermore, IL-1B rs2853550 AG was a genetic contributor to AS risk in a Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixi Liu
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Zhicheng Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Ting Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Ruiping Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China.
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Du W, Shen T, Li H, Liu Y, He L, Tan L, Hu M, Ren Y. Low apolipoprotein M serum levels correlate with Systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity and apolipoprotein M gene polymorphisms with Lupus. Lipids Health Dis 2017; 16:88. [PMID: 28476116 PMCID: PMC5420091 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-017-0476-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sequence variation in gene promoters is often associated with disease risk. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that common promoter variation in the APOM gene is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) risk and SLE-related clinical phenotypes in a Chinese cohort. Meanwhile, we investigated the expression of apolipoprotein M (APOM) in the serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its relationship with disease activity. METHODS We used a case-control design and genotyped 52 SLE patients and 52 healthy controls for 19 APOM promoter single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs113947529, rs1143030, rs114826514, rs116715239, rs12525463, rs1266078, rs2273612, rs28432254, rs34490746, rs4947251, rs55880811, rs707921, rs74890500, rs75629491, rs76611345, rs76794541, rs805264, rs805297, rs9267528). Genotyping was done by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The blood serum concentration of APOM was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in SLE patients and controls. RESULTS The average concentration of APOM in serum was significantly lower in SLE patients compared to controls and APOM levels in SLE patients with positive anti-dsDNA antibodies were dramatically lower than that of patients with negative anti-dsDNA antibodies (P = 0.011). It was interesting that APOM levels correlated with systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) scores (r = -0.396, P = 0.004). No association between APOM and SLE susceptibility was detected in our Han Chinese cohort. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that lower APOM levels in SLE patients and correlated with disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhan Du
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Ting Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yinyin Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Lagu He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Li Tan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
| | - Yaping Ren
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
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Ahmad A, Sundquist K, Zöller B, Dahlbäck B, Svensson PJ, Sundquist J, Memon AA. Identification of polymorphisms in Apolipoprotein M gene and their relationship with risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism. Thromb Haemost 2016; 116:432-41. [PMID: 27277397 DOI: 10.1160/th16-03-0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein M (ApoM) plasma levels have been reported to be associated with risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) recurrence. However, the role of genetic alterations in the ApoM gene in VTE recurrence remains unknown. The aim of this study was to identify genetic aberrations in ApoM gene in VTE recurrence and their role in prediction of VTE recurrence in a prospective follow-up study of 1465 VTE patients. During follow-up, 156 (10.6 %) patients had VTE recurrence. First screening of whole ApoM gene was performed by Sanger's sequencing in selected age and sex matched non-recurrent and recurrent patients (n=95). In total six polymorphisms were identified and two polymorphisms (rs805297 and rs9404941) with minor allele frequency (MAF) ≥5 % were further genotyped in the whole cohort by Taqman PCR. ApoM rs805297 polymorphism was significantly associated with higher risk of VTE recurrence in males but not in females on both univariate (p= 0.038, hazard ratio = 1.72, confidence interval = 1.03-2.88) and on multivariate analysis adjusted with mild and severe thrombophilia, family history, location and acquired risk factors for VTE. However, ApoM rs9404941 polymorphism showed no significant association with risk of VTE recurrence in all patients as well as in different gender groups. Moreover, ApoM rs805297 and rs9404941 polymorphisms were not associated with the ApoM plasma levels. In conclusion, for the first time we have sequenced whole ApoM gene in VTE and identified six polymorphisms. ApoM rs805297 was significantly associated with higher risk of VTE recurrence in male but not in female patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrar Ahmad
- Abrar Ahmad, Wallenberg Laboratory, 6th floor, Inga Marie Nilsson's gata 53, S-20502 Malmö, Sweden, E-mail:
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Borup A, Christensen PM, Nielsen LB, Christoffersen C. Apolipoprotein M in lipid metabolism and cardiometabolic diseases. Curr Opin Lipidol 2015; 26:48-55. [PMID: 25551802 DOI: 10.1097/mol.0000000000000142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This review will address recent findings on apolipoprotein M (apoM) and its ligand sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in lipid metabolism and inflammatory diseases. RECENT FINDINGS ApoM's likely role(s) in health and disease has become more diverse after the discovery that apoM functions as a chaperone for S1P. Hence, apoM has recently been implicated in lipid metabolism, diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis through in-vivo, in-vitro and genetic association studies. It remains to be established to which degree such associations with apoM can be attributed to its ability to bind S1P. SUMMARY The apoM/S1P axis and its implications in atherosclerosis and lipid metabolism have been thoroughly studied. Owing to the discovery of the apoM/S1P axis, the scope of apoM research has broadened. ApoM and S1P have been implicated in lipid metabolism, that is by modulating HDL particles. Also, the importance in regulating endothelial function is being investigated. Furthermore, both apoM and S1P have been linked to diabetes and glucose and insulin metabolism. Finally, genetic variations in the apoM gene are associated with lipid disturbances, diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis. These findings suggest not only diverse effects of apoM, but also the important question of whether apoM mainly acts as a S1P carrier, if apoM carries other substances with biological effects as well, or whether the apoM protein has effects on its own.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Borup
- aDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet bInstitute of Biomedical Sciences cInstitute of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark *Dr Anna Borup and Pernille M. Christensen contributed equally to the writing of this article
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Nesan D, Ng DS. Revising the high-density lipoprotein targeting strategies - insights from human and preclinical studies. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2014; 51:321-31. [PMID: 25115413 DOI: 10.3109/10408363.2014.937523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) hypothesis has been challenged. Several completed randomized clinical trials continue to fall short in demonstrating HDL, or at least HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, as being a consistent target in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. However, population studies and findings in lipid modifying trials continue to strongly support HDL-C as a superb risk predictor. It is increasingly evident that the complexity of HDL metabolism confounds the use of HDL-C concentration as a unified target. However, important insights continue to emerge from the post hoc analyses of recently completed (i) fibrate-based FIELD and ACCORD trials, including the unexpected beneficial effect of fibrates in microvascular diseases, (ii) the niacin-based AIM-HIGH and HPS2-THRIVE studies, (iii) recombinant HDL-based as well as (iv) the completed CETP inhibitor-based trials. These together with on-going mechanistic studies on novel pathways, which include the unique roles of microRNAs, post-translational remodeling of HDL and novel pathways related to HDL modulators will provide valuable insights to guide how best to refocus and redesign the conceptual framework for selecting HDL-based targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinushan Nesan
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital , Toronto, Ontario , Canada
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