1
|
Wendling D. Is psoriatic arthritis doomed to disappear? Joint Bone Spine 2023; 90:105477. [PMID: 36404487 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2022.105477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wendling
- Service de rhumatologie, CHU de Besançon, boulevard Fleming, 25030 Besançon, France; EA 4266, EPILAB, université de Franche-Comté, rue A. Paré, 25030 Besançon, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wendling D, Verhoeven F, Prati C. Is the Difficult-to-Treat (D2T) concept applicable to axial spondyloarthritis? Joint Bone Spine 2022; 90:105512. [PMID: 36528335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2022.105512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wendling
- Service de Rhumatologie, CHU de Besançon, Boulevard Fleming, 25030 Besançon, France; EA 4266, EPILAB, Université de Franche-Comté, Rue A. Paré, 25030 Besançon, France.
| | - Frank Verhoeven
- Service de Rhumatologie, CHU de Besançon, Boulevard Fleming, 25030 Besançon, France; EA 4267, PEPITE and UMR RIGHT 1098, Université de Franche-Comté, Rue A. Paré, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Clément Prati
- Service de Rhumatologie, CHU de Besançon, Boulevard Fleming, 25030 Besançon, France; EA 4267, PEPITE and UMR RIGHT 1098, Université de Franche-Comté, Rue A. Paré, 25030 Besançon, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wendling D, Verhoeven F, Claudepierre P, Goupille P, Pham T, Prati C. Axial psoriatic arthritis: new entity or simple clinical form? Joint Bone Spine 2022; 89:105409. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2022.105409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
4
|
2022 French Society for Rheumatology (SFR) recommendations on the everyday management of patients with spondyloarthritis, including psoriatic arthritis. Joint Bone Spine 2022; 89:105344. [PMID: 35038574 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2022.105344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Update the French Society for Rheumatology (SFR) recommendations on the everyday management of patients with spondyloarthritis, including psoriatic arthritis. METHODS Following standardized procedures, a systematic literature review was done by four supervised rheumatology residents based on questions defined by a task force of 16 attending rheumatologists. The findings were reviewed during three working meetings that culminated in each recommendation receiving a grade and the level of agreement among experts being determined. RESULTS Five general principles and 15 recommendations were developed. They take into account pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures along with treatment methods based on the dominant phenotype present (axial, articular, enthesitis/dactylitis) and the extra-articular manifestations (psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, uveitis). NSAIDs are the first-line pharmacological treatment in the various presentations. Conventional synthetic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) are not indicated in the axial and isolated entheseal forms. If the response to conventional treatment is not adequate, targeted therapies (biologics, synthetics) should be considered; the indications depend on the clinical phenotype and presence of extra-articular manifestations. CONCLUSION This update incorporates recent data (published since the prior update in 2018) and the predominant clinical phenotype concept. It aims to help physicians with the everyday management of patients affected by spondyloarthritis, including psoriatic arthritis.
Collapse
|
5
|
Wendling D, Claudepierre P, Goupille P, Pham T, Prati C. Tight control and treat-to-target in axial spondyloarthritis. Where are we? Joint Bone Spine 2021; 89:105263. [PMID: 34506936 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2021.105263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wendling
- Department of rheumatology, CHRU de Besançon, boulevard Fleming, 25030 Besançon, France; EA 4266, EPILAB, université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.
| | - Pascal Claudepierre
- EpiDermE, université Paris Est Créteil, 94010 Créteil, France; Service de rhumatologie, hôpital Henri-Mondor, AP-HP, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Philippe Goupille
- Department of rheumatology, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France; EA 7501, GICC, université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Thao Pham
- Department of rheumatology, Aix Marseille université, CHU Sainte-Marguerite, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Clément Prati
- Department of rheumatology, CHRU de Besançon, boulevard Fleming, 25030 Besançon, France; EA 4267, PEPITE, université de Franche-Comté, FHU INCREASE, Besançon, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wendling D, Prati C, Lequerré T, Miceli C, Dougados M, Molto A, Guillot X. Uveitis occurrence in early inflammatory back pain. Five years data from the prospective French nationwide DESIR cohort. Joint Bone Spine 2020; 88:105100. [PMID: 33166730 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2020.105100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Uveitis is a frequent extra rheumatological manifestation in axial Spondyloarthritis (SpA). The aim of study was to evaluate the prevalence and incidence of uveitis over the first five years of a prospective nationwide cohort of patients with high suspicion of early axial SpA, and to evaluate its associated factors. METHODS DESIR is a prospective observational cohort of patients with recent onset inflammatory back pain (more than 3 months, less than 3 years), suggestive of axial SpA, All available factors in the database were compared between patients with and without uveitis at 5 years, by uni and then multivariate analysis. Baseline factors associated with new cases of uveitis occurrence over the 5 years were also analyzed. SIGNIFICANCE P less than 0.05. RESULTS After 5 years, 91 patients (out of 480 with complete follow-up) had at least one uveitis episode, giving an estimated prevalence of 18.9% [95% CI: 15.4-22.4]. In multivariate analysis, uveitis was significantly associated with dactylitis, and elevated ESR. New incident uveitis occurred in 31 cases over 5 years, giving an estimated incidence rate of 1.29 [0.84-1.74]/100 patient-years. Incidence of new uveitis was associated in multivariate analysis with baseline factors: diagnosis of SpA, sacro iliac MRI inflammatory SPARCC score, dactylitis, syndesmophyte score. No significant association was found with HLA-B27, DMARDs, BASDAI, ASDAS, BASFI. CONCLUSION Five-years data of the DESIR cohort allowed an estimation of incidence rate of uveitis of 1.3/100p-y; over five years, uveitis was associated with dactylitis, biologic and sacro iliac MRI inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wendling
- Service de Rhumatologie, CHRU de Besançon, Besançon, France; EA 4266, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.
| | - Clément Prati
- Service de Rhumatologie, CHRU de Besançon, Besançon, France; EA4267, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Thierry Lequerré
- Service de Rhumatologie, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U 1234, CIC-CRB 1404, 76031 Rouen, France; CHU de Rouen, Service de Rhumatologie, 76031 Rouen, France
| | | | | | - Anna Molto
- Rhumatologie, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wendling D, Goupille P. From observational studies to personalized treatment in spondylarthritis: focus on IL-17 inhibition. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2020; 20:837-840. [DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2020.1782382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wendling
- Service de Rhumatologie, CHRU de Besançon; EA 4266, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Philippe Goupille
- Service de Rhumatologie, CHRU de Tours; EA 7501, GICC, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wendling D, Goupille P. Deciding who to treat with biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in axial spondyloarthritis. Immunotherapy 2020; 12:857-860. [PMID: 32635788 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2020-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wendling
- Service de Rhumatologie, CHRU de Besançon EA 4266, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Philippe Goupille
- Service de Rhumatologie, CHRU de Tours EA 7501, GICC, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
Wendling D, Prati C, Chouk M, Verhoeven F. Effects of anti-IL-23 and anti-IL-17: The hidden side of spondyloarthritis polymorphism? Joint Bone Spine 2020; 87:5-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2019.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
11
|
Wendling D. Local sacroiliac injections in the treatment of spondyloarthritis. What is the evidence? Joint Bone Spine 2019; 87:209-213. [PMID: 31216488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Local sacroiliac injections represent an available treatment option in spondyloarthritis (SpA). There is no synthetic data about efficacy of this procedure in SpA. The aim of this review is to analyze the available data of the literature of local sacroiliac injections in SpA. METHODS A Pubmed search of papers published after 1990 was performed. RESULTS Pubmed search retained 15 publications in spondyloarthritis, 12 with corticosteroids (total of 468 injections in 268 patients), including 2 small-sized controlled studies, and 3 with TNF blockers (24 patients in open studies). With steroids, the two controlled studies (with a total number of 30 patients only) demonstrated significant results over placebo. In open studies, good response was reported in more than 80% of the cases, with a mean duration of improvement over 8 months. Reduction of sacroiliac inflammation on MRI was also found in several studies after injection. There is no consensus about the technique of injection or the type of steroid injected. No particular safety concern was reported. Many limitations have to be considered in the interpretation of these results. CONCLUSION This kind of procedure should be kept in the therapeutic armament in the current setting of costly targeted systemic treatments of spondyloarthritis. However, definition of a clear position in the treatment strategy needs further well-conducted studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wendling
- Department of Rheumatology, University Teaching Hospital, CHRU de Besançon, boulevard Fleming, 25030 Besançon, France; EA4266, EPILAB, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25030 Besançon, France.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wendling D. New targeted therapies in spondyloarthritis: what are the limits? Immunotherapy 2019; 11:557-560. [DOI: 10.2217/imt-2019-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wendling
- Professor of Rheumatology, Head of Department; Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Besançon & EA 4266 EPILAB, University of Franche-Comté, F-25030 Besançon, France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wendling D, Verhoeven F, Prati C. Anti-IL-17 monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2018; 19:55-64. [DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2019.1554053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wendling
- Department of Rheumatology, CHRU de BESANCON, University Teaching Hospital, Besançon, France
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Frank Verhoeven
- Department of Rheumatology, CHRU de BESANCON, University Teaching Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Clément Prati
- Department of Rheumatology, CHRU de BESANCON, University Teaching Hospital, Besançon, France
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Actualisation 2018 des recommandations de la Société française de rhumatologie (SFR) pour la prise en charge en pratique courante des malades atteints de spondyloarthrite. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rhum.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
15
|
Wendling D, Lukas C, Prati C, Claudepierre P, Gossec L, Goupille P, Hudry C, Miceli-Richard C, Molto A, Pham T, Saraux A, Dougados M. 2018 update of French Society for Rheumatology (SFR) recommendations about the everyday management of patients with spondyloarthritis. Joint Bone Spine 2018; 85:275-284. [PMID: 29407043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To update French Society for Rheumatology recommendations about the management in clinical practice of patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA). SpA is considered across the range of clinical phenotypes (axial, peripheral, and entheseal) and concomitant manifestations. Psoriatic arthritis is included among the SpA phenotypes. METHODS According to the standard procedure advocated by the EULAR for developing recommendations, we first reviewed the literature published since the previous version of the recommendations issued in June 2013. A task force used the results to develop practice guidelines, which were then revised and graded using AGREE II. RESULTS Four general principles and 15 recommendations were developed. The first four recommendations deal with treatment goals and general considerations (assessment tools and comorbidities). Recommendations 5 and 6 are on non-pharmacological treatments. Recommendation 7 is about nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which are the cornerstone of the treatment, and recommendations 8 to 10 are on analgesics, glucocorticoid therapy, and conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. Biologics are the focus of recommendations 11 through 14, which deal with newly introduced drug classes, including their indications (active disease despite conventional therapy and, for nonradiographic axial SpA, objective evidence of inflammation) and monitoring, and with patient management in the event of treatment failure or disease remission. Finally, recommendation 15 is about surgical treatments. CONCLUSION This update incorporates recent data into a smaller number of more simply formulated recommendations, with the goal of facilitating their use for guiding the management of patients with SpA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wendling
- Service de rhumatologie, CHRU de Besançon, boulevard Fleming, 25030 Besançon, France; EA4266, université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, place Goudimel, 25030 Besançon, France.
| | - Cédric Lukas
- EA2415, département de rhumatologie, institut universitaire de recherche clinique, université de Montpellier, CHU de Lapeyronie, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Clément Prati
- Service de rhumatologie, CHRU de Besançon, boulevard Fleming, 25030 Besançon, France; EA4267, FHU Increase, université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Pascal Claudepierre
- Service de rhumatologie, groupe hospitalier Henri-Mondor, AP-HP, Créteil, 94000, France; EA 7379-épiderme, université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, 94000, France
| | - Laure Gossec
- UPMC universié Paris 06, Sorbonne universités, institut Pierre-Louis d'épidémiologie et de santé publique (UMRS 1136), 75252 Paris, France; Rheumatology department, hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Goupille
- Service de rhumatologie, CHRU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France; UMR CNRS 7292, université François-Rabelais, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Christophe Hudry
- Cabinet de rhumatologie, 75008 Paris, France; Paris Descartes university, department of rheumatology, hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, EULAR center of excellence, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Corinne Miceli-Richard
- Paris Descartes university, department of rheumatology, hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, EULAR center of excellence, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Anna Molto
- Paris Descartes university, department of rheumatology, hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, EULAR center of excellence, 75014 Paris, France; INSERM (UU1153), clinical epidemiology and biostatistics, PRES Sorbonne Paris-Cité, 75014 Paris 14, France
| | - Thao Pham
- Service de rhumatologie, hôpital Sainte-Marguerite, Aix-Marseille université, AP-HM, 13000 Marseille, France
| | - Alain Saraux
- Service de rhumatologie, CHU de Brest, 29609 Brest cedex, France; UMR1227, université de Bretagne Occidentale, labex IGO, Brest, 29000 France
| | - Maxime Dougados
- Paris Descartes university, department of rheumatology, hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, EULAR center of excellence, 75014 Paris, France; INSERM (UU1153), clinical epidemiology and biostatistics, PRES Sorbonne Paris-Cité, 75014 Paris 14, France
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Brinster A, Guillot X, Prati C, Wendling D. Evolution over thirty years of the profile of inpatients with reactive arthritis in a tertiary rheumatology unit. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 14:36-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reuma.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
17
|
|
18
|
Wendling D, Prati C. Targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in spondyloarthritis. Immunotherapy 2017; 9:221-223. [DOI: 10.2217/imt-2017-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wendling
- EA 4266, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon; &, CHRU de Besançon (University Teaching Hospital), Boulevard Fleming, F-25030, Besançon, France
| | - Clément Prati
- EA 4267, FHU INCREASE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon; &, Department of Rheumatology, CHRU de Besançon (University Teaching Hospital), Boulevard Fleming, F-25030, Besançon, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
|
20
|
Wendling D, Prati C. Kinases inhibitors and small molecules: A new treatment tool for axial spondyloarthropathy? Joint Bone Spine 2016; 83:473-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
21
|
Wendling D, Prati C. Spondyloarthritis and fibromyalgia: interfering association or differential diagnosis? Clin Rheumatol 2016; 35:2141-3. [DOI: 10.1007/s10067-016-3353-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
22
|
|
23
|
Prati C, Claudepierre P, Goupille P, Pham T, Wendling D. TNFα antagonist therapy in axial spondyloarthritis: Can we do better? Joint Bone Spine 2016; 83:247-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2016.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
24
|
Wendling D, Prati C. Flare in axial spondyloarthritis. The dark side of the outcome. Ann Rheum Dis 2016; 75:950-1. [PMID: 26979105 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-209218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wendling
- Department of Rheumatology, University Teaching Hospital, Besançon, France EA 4266, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Clément Prati
- Department of Rheumatology, University Teaching Hospital, Besançon, France EA 4267, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Besançon, France
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wendling D. An overview of investigational new drugs for treating ankylosing spondylitis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2015; 25:95-104. [DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2016.1116519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
26
|
Wendling D. Interleukin-17 targeted therapies in axial spondyloarthritis. Immunotherapy 2015; 7:1125-8. [DOI: 10.2217/imt.15.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wendling
- Department of Rheumatology, CHRU de Besançon (University Teaching Hospital), Boulevard Fleming, F–25030 Besançon, France
- Université de Franche-Comté, Boulevard Fleming, F–25030 Besançon, France
| |
Collapse
|