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Twin gestation and the burden of adult cardio-renal disease. Pediatr Nephrol 2020; 35:2241-2251. [PMID: 31811539 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-019-04418-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The rate of twin births has increased by nearly 80% in recent decades largely due to advanced reproductive technologies. Twins are often born preterm and/or growth restricted which are independently associated with impaired renal and vascular development. Many preterm and twin infants are surviving into adulthood, albeit with an increased burden of chronic health conditions. Twinning as a research tool offers the unique opportunity to investigate the impact of genetics versus the environment on clinical outcomes. This educational review will focus on delineating our current understanding of the renal and cardiovascular development and long-term outcomes among twin born individuals. Specifically, existing literature regarding how twins differ in kidney size and function as well as vascular stiffness and hypertension profiles from singletons will be discussed. The unique situation of twin-twin transfusion syndrome which is associated with distinct short- and long-term cardio-renal disease will be highlighted. Ultimately, the ability to stratify risk of future cardio-renal disease at birth for infants born preterm and/or growth restricted, including twins, is important to guide clinical follow up. In addition, this early risk stratification could direct research efforts to better understand the mechanisms driving impaired organogenesis and allow for discovery of therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying disease progression and improving longevity in the most vulnerable infant subgroups.
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Liu HW, Wei DX, He DW, Deng JZ, Zhu JJ, Xu K, Hu D, Li J, Hu WH, Wang Y, Xiao SH, Fu LG. The rs6427384 and rs6692977 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of the Fc Receptor-Like 5 (FCRL5) Gene and the Risk of Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Case Control Study in a Single Center in China. MEDICAL SCIENCE MONITOR : INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2020; 26:e920956. [PMID: 32892204 PMCID: PMC7493454 DOI: 10.12659/msm.920956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aimed to explore the genetic association of Fc receptor-like 5 (FCRL5) gene variants (rs6427384 and rs6692977) with ankylosing spondylitis risk in Chinese Han population. MATERIAL AND METHODS Genotyping for FCRL5 gene variations rs6427384 and rs6692977 was implemented among 130 ankylosing spondylitis cases and 135 healthy persons, through polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Frequency dissimilarity for 2 polymorphisms was compared between 2 groups using chi-square test. The association strength of FCRL5 gene polymorphism with ankylosing spondylitis risk was estimated by odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS The frequencies of rs6427384 CC genotype and C allele were significantly lower in the case group than that in the control group (P<0.05), which suggested that C allele of rs6427384 polymorphism might offer protection against ankylosing spondylitis onset. Whereas only 2 genotypes of rs6692977 were detected in the control group, and no significant association was found with ankylosing spondylitis susceptibility. CONCLUSIONS FCRL5 gene polymorphism rs6427384 was correlated to ankylosing spondylitis occurrence among Chinese Han population, while rs6692977 was not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Wei Liu
- Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Dai-Xu Wei
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xian, Shaanxi, China (mainland)
| | - Da-Wei He
- Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Jiu-Zheng Deng
- Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Jian-Jin Zhu
- Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Kai Xu
- Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Dong Hu
- Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Wen-Hao Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Song-Hua Xiao
- Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Li-Gong Fu
- Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China (mainland)
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