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Hallford DJ, Rusanov D, Yeow JJE, Barry TJ. Reduced specificity and increased overgenerality of autobiographical memory persist as cognitive vulnerabilities in remitted major depression: A meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Psychother 2022; 29:1515-1529. [PMID: 36129959 PMCID: PMC9828164 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Difficulty in accessing specific memories, referred to as reduced memory specificity or overgeneral memory (OGM), has been established as a marker of clinical depression. However, it is not clear if this deficit persists following the remission of depressive episodes. The current study involved a systematic review and meta-analysis of empirical studies with the aim of establishing whether remitted depression was associated with retrieving fewer specific and more overgeneral autobiographical memories. Seventeen studies were identified as eligible. The results indicated that people with remitted depression recalled fewer specific memories (k = 15; g = -0.314, 95% CI [-0.543; -0.085], z = -2.69, p = .007) and more categoric memories (k = 9; g = 0.254, 95% CI [0.007; 0.501], z = 2.02, p = .043) compared to people who had never been depressed. Given these deficits have elsewhere been shown to be prognostic of future depressive symptoms, these findings suggest that reduced memory specificity/overgeneral memory persists following remission and may be a risk factor for future episodes of depression in those that are in remission. The findings are discussed in terms of how this knowledge might influence clinical understanding of relapse prevention and maintenance of remission in those with a history of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- David John Hallford
- School of PsychologyDeakin UniversityGeelongVictoriaAustralia,School of PsychologyDeakin UniversityBurwoodVictoriaAustralia
| | | | | | - Tom Joseph Barry
- Faculty of Social SciencesUniversity of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong Kong
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Coutelle R, Goltzene MA, Canton M, Campiglia-Sabourin M, Rabot J, Bizet É, Schoenberger M, Berna F, Danion JM. Episodic Autobiographical Memory in Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Exploration With the Autobiographical Interview. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:593855. [PMID: 33597897 PMCID: PMC7882615 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.593855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The literature has provided contradictory results regarding the status of episodic memory in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This might be explained by methodological differences across studies. In the present one, the well-recommended Autobiographical Interview was used in which important aspects of episodic memory were assessed, namely, the number and richness of phenomenological memory details, before and after a retrieval support. Method: Twenty-five well-documented adults with ASD without Intellectual Disability (nine women) and 25 control participants were included and asked to recall six specific autobiographical events. The number and richness of details were assessed globally and for five categories of details (perceptual/sensory, temporal, contextual, emotional, and cognitive), firstly before and then after a specific cueing phase consisting in a series of specific questions to elicit more precise memory details. Results: Cumulatively, from the spontaneous recall to the cueing phase, the number of internal details was lower in ASD individuals compared to controls, but this difference was relevant only after the specific cueing procedure and observed only for contextual details. In contrast, no relevant group difference was observed during spontaneous recall. The detail richness was not impaired in ASD throughout the Autobiographical Interview procedure. Conclusion: Our results speak against a clear impairment of episodicity of autobiographical memory in ASD individuals. They thus challenge previous ones showing both a reduced specificity and episodicity of autobiographical memory in this population and call for further studies to get a better understanding on the status of episodic autobiographical memory in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Coutelle
- Department of Psychiatry, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marc-André Goltzene
- Service de pathologie professionnelle et environnementale, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie Canton
- Unité de Neuropédiatrie, Centre référent pour les troubles du langage et des apprentissages (CLAP), Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU Brabois, Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Mélodie Campiglia-Sabourin
- Unité de Neuropédiatrie, Centre référent pour les troubles du langage et des apprentissages (CLAP), Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU Brabois, Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Juliette Rabot
- Department of Psychiatry, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Éric Bizet
- Centre hospitalier spécialisé de Rouffach, Centre Ressources Autisme Alsace, Rouffach, France.,UFR de psychologie, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie Schoenberger
- Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy, Centre Ressources Autisme de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Fabrice Berna
- Department of Psychiatry, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Marie Danion
- Department of Psychiatry, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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Walters M, Hines-Martin V. Overview of executive functions in mood and depressive disorders: A review of the literature. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2018; 32:617-637. [PMID: 30029757 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Walters
- Indiana Wesleyan University, School of Nursing, 4201 South Washington Street, Marion, IN 46953, United States; University of Louisville, School of Nursing, 555 South Floyd St., Louisville, KY 40202, United States.
| | - Vicki Hines-Martin
- University of Louisville, School of Nursing, 555 South Floyd St., Louisville, KY 40202, United States
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Effects of handedness & saccadic bilateral eye movements on the specificity of past autobiographical memory & episodic future thinking. Brain Cogn 2017; 114:40-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Overgeneral autobiographical memory at baseline predicts depressive symptoms at follow-up in patients with first-episode depression. Psychiatry Res 2016; 243:123-7. [PMID: 27392229 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that overgeneral autobiographical memory (OGM) is a characteristic of depression. However, there are no studies to explore the association between baseline OGM and depressive symptoms at follow-up in patients with first-episode depression (FE). This study investigated whether baseline OGM predicts depressive symptoms at follow-up in patients with FE. We recruited 125 patients with FE. The participants were divided into remitted group and non-remitted group according to the severity of their depression at 12 months follow-up. The measures consisted of the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Ruminative Response Scale, and Autobiographical Memory Test. Hierarchical linear regression analyses and bootstrap mediation analyses were conducted. The results showed that non-remitted patients had more OGM at baseline. Baseline OGM predicted depressive symptoms at follow-up in patients with FE. Rumination mediated the relationship between baseline OGM and depressive symptoms at follow-up. Our findings highlight OGM as a vulnerability factor involved in the maintenance of depression in patients with FE.
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