1
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Jung J, An H, Lee J, Han S. Modified Activation-Relaxation Technique (ARTn) Method Tuned for Efficient Identification of Transition States in Surface Reactions. J Chem Theory Comput 2024. [PMID: 39240127 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.4c00767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Exploring potential energy surfaces (PES) is essential for unraveling the underlying mechanisms of chemical reactions and material properties. While the activation-relaxation technique (ARTn) is a state-of-the-art method for identifying saddle points on PES, it often faces challenges in complex energy landscapes, especially on surfaces. In this study, we introduce iso-ARTn, an enhanced ARTn method that incorporates constraints on an orthogonal hyperplane and employs an adaptive active volume. By leveraging a neural network potential (NNP) to conduct an exhaustive saddle point search on the Pt(111) surface with 0.3 monolayers of surface oxygen coverage, iso-ARTn achieves a success rate that is 8.2% higher than the original ARTn, with 40% fewer force calls. Moreover, this method effectively finds various saddle points without compromising the success rate. Combined with kinetic Monte Carlo simulations for event table construction, iso-ARTn with NNP demonstrates the capability to reveal structures consistent with experimental observations. This work signifies a substantial advancement in the investigation of PES, enhancing both the efficiency and breadth of saddle point searches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisu Jung
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hyungmin An
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jinhee Lee
- Fuel Cell Center, Hyundai Motor Company, Yongin 16891, Korea
| | - Seungwu Han
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Seoul 02455, Korea
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2
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Kordatos A, Mohammed K, Vakili R, Manyar H, Goguet A, Gibson E, Carravetta M, Wells P, Skylaris CK. Bridging the size gap between experiment and theory: large-scale DFT calculations on realistic sized Pd particles for acetylene hydrogenation. RSC Adv 2024; 14:27799-27808. [PMID: 39224642 PMCID: PMC11367406 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03369h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles, often supported on metal oxide promoters, are a cornerstone of heterogeneous catalysis. Experimentally, size effects are well-established and are manifested through changes to catalyst selectivity, activity and durability. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations have provided an attractive way to study these effects and rationalise the change in nanoparticle properties. However such computational studies are typically limited to smaller nanoparticles (approximately up to 50 atoms) due to the large computational cost of DFT. How well can such simulations describe the electronic properties of the much larger nanoparticles that are often used in practice? In this study, we use the ONETEP code, which is able to achieve more favourable computational scaling for metallic nanoparticles, to bridge this size gap. We present DFT calculations on entire Pd and Pd carbide nanoparticles of more than 300 atoms (approximately 2.5 nm diameter), and find major differences in the electronic structure of such large nanoparticles, in comparison to the commonly investigated smaller clusters. These differences are also manifested in the calculated chemical properties such as adsorption energies for C2H2, C2H4 and C2H6 on the pristine Pd and PdC x nanoparticles which are significantly larger (up to twice in value) for the ∼300 atoms structures. Furthermore, the adsorption of C2H2 and C2H4 on PdC x nanoparticles becomes weaker as more C is introduced in the Pd lattice whilst the impact of C concentration is also observed in the calculated reaction energies towards the hydrogenation of C2H2, where the formation of C2H6 is hindered. Our simulations show that PdC x nanoparticles of about 5% C per atom fraction and diameter of 2.5 nm could be potential candidate catalysts of high activity in hydrogenation reactions. The paradigm presented in this study will enable DFT to be applied on similar sized metal catalyst nanoparticles as in experimental investigations, strengthening the synergy between simulation and experiment in catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apostolos Kordatos
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Southampton UK
| | - Khaled Mohammed
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Southampton UK
| | - Reza Vakili
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast UK
| | - Haresh Manyar
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast UK
| | - Alexandre Goguet
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast UK
| | - Emma Gibson
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow UK
| | - Marina Carravetta
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Southampton UK
| | - Peter Wells
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Southampton UK
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3
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Lin M, Wang H, Takei T, Miura H, Shishido T, Li Y, Hu J, Inomata Y, Ishida T, Haruta M, Xiu G, Murayama T. Selective formation of acetate intermediate prolongs robust ethylene removal at 0 °C for 15 days. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2885. [PMID: 37210396 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38686-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient ethylene (C2H4) removal below room temperatures, especially near 0 °C, is of great importance to suppress that the vegetables and fruits spoil during cold-chain transportation and storage. However, no catalysts have been developed to fulfill the longer-than-2-h C2H4 removal at this low temperature effectively. Here we prepare gold-platinum (Au-Pt) nanoalloy catalysts that show robust C2H4 (of 50 ppm) removal capacity at 0 °C for 15 days (360 h). We find, by virtue of operando Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy and online temperature-programmed desorption equipped mass spectrometry, that the Au-Pt nanoalloys favor the formation of acetate from selective C2H4 oxidation. And this on-site-formed acetate intermediate would partially cover the catalyst surface at 0 °C, thus exposing active sites to prolong the continuous and effective C2H4 removal. We also demonstrate, by heat treatment, that the performance of the used catalysts will be fully recovered for at least two times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Lin
- Shanghai Environmental Protection Key Laboratory on Environmental Standard and Risk Management of Chemical Pollutants, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
- Research Center for Hydrogen Energy-based Society, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Takashi Takei
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Hiroki Miura
- Research Center for Hydrogen Energy-based Society, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts & Batteries, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8520, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Shishido
- Research Center for Hydrogen Energy-based Society, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts & Batteries, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8520, Japan
| | - Yuhang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Jinneng Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Yusuke Inomata
- Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
| | - Tamao Ishida
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Masatake Haruta
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Guangli Xiu
- Shanghai Environmental Protection Key Laboratory on Environmental Standard and Risk Management of Chemical Pollutants, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China.
| | - Toru Murayama
- Research Center for Hydrogen Energy-based Society, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan.
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Gold Catalysis and Engineering, Shandong Applied Research Center of Gold Nanotechnology (Au-SDARC), School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China.
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4
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Kordatos A, Mohammed K, Vakili R, Goguet A, Manyar H, Gibson E, Carravetta M, Wells P, Skylaris CK. Atomistic simulations on the carbidisation processes in Pd nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2023; 13:5619-5626. [PMID: 36798744 PMCID: PMC9926891 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07462a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of interstitial PdC x nanoparticles (NPs) is investigated through DFT calculations. Insights on the mechanisms of carbidisation are obtained whilst the material's behaviour under conditions of increasing C-concentration is examined. Incorporation of C atoms in the Pd octahedral interstitial sites is occurring through the [111] facet with an activation energy barrier of 19.3-35.7 kJ mol-1 whilst migration through the [100] facet corresponds to higher activation energy barriers of 124.5-127.4 kJ mol-1. Furthermore, interstitial-type diffusion shows that C will preferentially migrate and reside at the octahedral interstitial sites in the subsurface region with limited mobility towards the core of the NP. For low C-concentrations, migration from the surface into the interstitial sites of the NPs is thermodynamically favored, resulting in the formation of interstitial carbide. Carbidisation reaction energies are exothermic up to 11-14% of C-concentration and slightly vary depending on the shape of the structure. The reaction mechanisms turn to endothermic for higher concentration levels showing that C will preferentially reside on the surface making the interstitial carbide formation unfavorable. As experimentally observed, our simulations confirm that there is a maximum concentration of C in Pd carbide NPs opening the way for further computational investigations on the activity of Pd carbides in directed catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Reza Vakili
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Queen's University BelfastBT7 1NNUK
| | - Alexandre Goguet
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Queen's University BelfastBT7 1NNUK
| | - Haresh Manyar
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Queen's University BelfastBT7 1NNUK
| | - Emma Gibson
- School of Chemistry, University of GlasgowG12 8QQUK
| | | | - Peter Wells
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
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5
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Koo JJ, Kim ZH. Radical-Mediated C-C Coupling of Alcohols Induced by Plasmonic Hot Carriers. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:3740-3747. [PMID: 35446033 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The C-C coupling reactions of aliphatic alcohols to aromatics and larger-mass compounds have large endothermicities and activation energies, calling for catalysts operating at high temperatures. Here, we demonstrate that plasmon-excited nanoparticles catalyze the C-C coupling of aliphatic alcohols at room temperature to produce polyaromatic hydrocarbons and graphene oxide. The conversion is quenched by radical and electron scavengers and by the surface passivation of metals, suggesting that the reaction proceeds through alkoxy, peroxyl, hydroxyalkyl, and alkyl radical intermediates created by the metal to molecule transfer of plasmonic hot carriers. Besides being the first realization of C-C coupling of aliphatic alcohols at room temperature, the result constitutes a rare example of an endothermic plasmon-induced reaction producing new bonds and a new method for photogenerating graphene derivatives. More importantly, the result demonstrates the facile generation of organic radicals directly from alcohols, which may be used as precursors for radical-based organic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ja-Jung Koo
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Zee Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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6
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7
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Rötzer MD, Krause M, Huber M, Schweinberger FF, Crampton AS, Heiz U. Ethylene hydrogenation on supported Pd nanoparticles: Influence of support on catalyst activity and deactivation. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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8
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Shenoy CS, Khan TS, Verma K, Tsige M, Jha KC, Haider MA, Gupta S. Understanding the origin of structure sensitivity in hydrodechlorination of trichloroethylene on a palladium catalyst. REACT CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1re00252j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Mechanistic understanding on the origin of structure sensitivity in the hydrodechlorination of trichloroethylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaitra S. Shenoy
- Renewable Energy and Chemicals Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Tuhin S. Khan
- Light Stock Processing Division, CSIR – Indian Institute of Petroleum, Mohkampur, Dehradun 248005, India
| | - Kirti Verma
- Renewable Energy and Chemicals Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Mesfin Tsige
- College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA
| | - Kshitij C. Jha
- College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA
- Biena Tech LLC, 526 S Main St, Akron, Ohio 44311, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - M. Ali Haider
- Renewable Energy and Chemicals Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Shelaka Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana 502285, India
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9
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Réocreux R, Kress PL, Hannagan RT, Çınar V, Stamatakis M, Sykes ECH. Controlling Hydrocarbon (De)Hydrogenation Pathways with Bifunctional PtCu Single-Atom Alloys. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:8751-8757. [PMID: 32940467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The conversions of surface-bound alkyl groups to alkanes and alkenes are important steps in many heterogeneously catalyzed reactions. On the one hand, while Pt is ubiquitous in industry because of its high activity toward C-H activation, many Pt-based catalysts tend to overbind reactive intermediates, which leads to deactivation by carbon deposition and coke formation. On the other hand, Cu binds intermediates more weakly than Pt, but activation barriers tend to be higher on Cu. We examine the reactivity of ethyl, the simplest alkyl group that can undergo hydrogenation and dehydrogenation via β-elimination, and show that isolated Pt atoms in Cu enable low-temperature hydrogenation of ethyl, unseen on Cu, while avoiding the decomposition pathways on pure Pt that lead to coking. Furthermore, we confirm the predictions of our theoretical model and experimentally demonstrate that the selectivity of ethyl (de)hydrogenation can be controlled by changing the surface coverage of hydrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Réocreux
- Thomas Young Centre and Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Roberts Building, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
| | - Paul L Kress
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, 62 Talbot Avenue, Medford 02155, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Ryan T Hannagan
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, 62 Talbot Avenue, Medford 02155, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Volkan Çınar
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, 62 Talbot Avenue, Medford 02155, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Michail Stamatakis
- Thomas Young Centre and Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Roberts Building, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom
| | - E Charles H Sykes
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, 62 Talbot Avenue, Medford 02155, Massachusetts, United States
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10
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Usoltsev OA, Pnevskaya AY, Kamyshova EG, Tereshchenko AA, Skorynina AA, Zhang W, Yao T, Bugaev AL, Soldatov AV. Dehydrogenation of Ethylene on Supported Palladium Nanoparticles: A Double View from Metal and Hydrocarbon Sides. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1643. [PMID: 32825750 PMCID: PMC7560039 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption of ethylene on palladium, a key step in various catalytic reactions, may result in a variety of surface-adsorbed species and formation of palladium carbides, especially under industrially relevant pressures and temperatures. Therefore, the application of both surface and bulk sensitive techniques under reaction conditions is important for a comprehensive understanding of ethylene interaction with Pd-catalyst. In this work, we apply in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy to follow the evolution of the bulk and surface structure of an industrial catalysts consisting of 2.6 nm supported palladium nanoparticles upon exposure to ethylene under atmospheric pressure at 50 °C. Experimental results were complemented by ab initio simulations of atomic structure, X-ray absorption spectra and vibrational spectra. The adsorbed ethylene was shown to dehydrogenate to C2H3, C2H2 and C2H species, and to finally decompose to palladium carbide. Thus, this study reveals the evolution pathway of ethylene on industrial Pd-catalyst under atmospheric pressure at moderate temperatures, and provides a conceptual framework for the experimental and theoretical investigation of palladium-based systems, in which both surface and bulk structures exhibit a dynamic nature under reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg A. Usoltsev
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, 178/24 Sladkova, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (O.A.U.); (A.Y.P.); (E.G.K.); (A.A.T.); (A.A.S.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Anna Yu. Pnevskaya
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, 178/24 Sladkova, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (O.A.U.); (A.Y.P.); (E.G.K.); (A.A.T.); (A.A.S.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Elizaveta G. Kamyshova
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, 178/24 Sladkova, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (O.A.U.); (A.Y.P.); (E.G.K.); (A.A.T.); (A.A.S.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Andrei A. Tereshchenko
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, 178/24 Sladkova, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (O.A.U.); (A.Y.P.); (E.G.K.); (A.A.T.); (A.A.S.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Alina A. Skorynina
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, 178/24 Sladkova, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (O.A.U.); (A.Y.P.); (E.G.K.); (A.A.T.); (A.A.S.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Wei Zhang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China; (W.Z.); (T.Y.)
| | - Tao Yao
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China; (W.Z.); (T.Y.)
| | - Aram L. Bugaev
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, 178/24 Sladkova, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (O.A.U.); (A.Y.P.); (E.G.K.); (A.A.T.); (A.A.S.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Alexander V. Soldatov
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, 178/24 Sladkova, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (O.A.U.); (A.Y.P.); (E.G.K.); (A.A.T.); (A.A.S.); (A.V.S.)
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11
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Mechanistic study of site blocking catalytic deactivation through accelerated kinetic Monte Carlo. J Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2019.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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12
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Hess F. Efficient Implementation of Cluster Expansion Models in Surface Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulations with Lateral Interactions: Subtraction Schemes, Supersites, and the Supercluster Contraction. J Comput Chem 2019; 40:2664-2676. [PMID: 31418885 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
While lateral interaction models for reactions at surfaces have steadily gained popularity and grown in terms of complexity, their use in chemical kinetics has been impeded by the low performance of current kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) algorithms. The origins of the additional computational cost in KMC simulations with lateral interactions are traced back to the more elaborate cluster expansion Hamiltonian, the more extensive rate updating, and to the impracticality of rate-catalog-based algorithms for interacting adsorbate systems. Favoring instead site-based algorithms, we propose three ways to reduce the cost of KMC simulations: (1) representing the lattice energy by a smaller Supercluster Hamiltonian without loss of accuracy, (2) employing the subtraction schemes for updating key quantities in the simulation that undergo only small, local changes during a reaction event, and (3) applying efficient search algorithms from a set of established methods (supersite approach). The cost of the resulting algorithm is fixed with respect to the number of lattice sites for practical lattice sizes and scales with the square of the range of lateral interactions. The overall added cost of including a complex lateral interaction model amounts to less than a factor 3. Practical issues in implementation due to finite numerical accuracy are discussed in detail, and further suggestions for treating long-range lateral interactions are made. We conclude that, while KMC simulations with complex lateral interaction models are challenging, these challenges can be overcome by modifying the established variable step-size method by employing the supercluster, subtraction, and supersite algorithms (SSS-VSSM). © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Hess
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Landoltweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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13
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Zhao W, Chizallet C, Sautet P, Raybaud P. Dehydrogenation mechanisms of methyl-cyclohexane on γ-Al2O3 supported Pt13: Impact of cluster ductility. J Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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14
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Markova VK, Philbin JP, Zhao W, Genest A, Silvestre-Albero J, Rupprechter G, Rösch N. Catalytic Transformations of 1-Butene over Palladium. A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b01013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Velina K. Markova
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - John P. Philbin
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Weina Zhao
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Alexander Genest
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Joaquín Silvestre-Albero
- Laboratorio de Materiales Avanzados, Departamento de Química Inorgánica-Instituto Universitario de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, Ap. 99 E-03080 Alicante, Spain
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Günther Rupprechter
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Notker Rösch
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
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15
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Tetlow H, Curcio D, Baraldi A, Kantorovich L. Hydrocarbon decomposition kinetics on the Ir(111) surface. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:6083-6099. [PMID: 29303172 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp07526j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The kinetics of the thermal decomposition of hydrocarbons on the Ir(111) surface is determined using kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) and rate equations simulations, both based on the density functional theory (DFT) calculated energy barriers of the involved reaction processes. This decomposition process is important for understanding the early stages of epitaxial graphene growth where the deposited hydrocarbon acts as a carbon feedstock for graphene formation. The methodology of the kMC simulations and the rate equation approaches is discussed and a comparison between the results obtained from both approaches is made in the case of the temperature programmed decomposition of ethylene for different initial coverages. The theoretical results are verified against experimental data from in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) experiments. Both theoretical approaches give reasonable results; however we find that, as expected, rate equations are less reliable at high coverages. We find that the agreement between experiment and theory can be improved in all cases if slight adjustments are made to the energy barriers in order to account for the intrinsic errors in DFT. Finally we extend our approach to the case where hydrocarbon species are dosed onto the substrate continuously, as in the chemical vapour deposition (CVD) graphene growth method. For ethylene and methane the thermal decomposition mechanism is determined, and it is found that in both cases the formation of C monomers is to be expected, which is limited by the presence of hydrogen atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tetlow
- Physics Department, King's College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS, UK.
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16
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Aleksandrov HA, Kozlov SM, Vayssilov GN, Neyman KM. Approaching complexity of alkyl hydrogenation on Pd via density-functional modelling. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:21514-21521. [PMID: 28762423 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03516k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Pd is widely used to catalyse hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions. One of them is the hydrogenation of ethylene, which includes the transformation of ethyl species to ethane. Herein, by means of density-functional calculations we address several still insufficiently understood factors affecting the latter process. In particular, we shed light on the following aspects of hydrogenation of alkyls on Pd: (i) the mechanistic details of how subsurface H accelerates the reaction on a (111) surface; (ii) the role of nanoparticle edges; and (iii) the influence of a common spectator ethylidyne, [triple bond, length as m-dash]C-CH3. These factors are identified as significant for the height of the ethyl hydrogenation barrier on Pd. Moreover, we show that butyl hydrogenation on Pd is also governed by very similar interactions, which suggests a broader applicability of our conclusions. This study highlights the complexity of alkyl hydrogenation and analyses the factors that need to be taken into account for a more realistic description of the hydrogenation processes on metal surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hristiyan A Aleksandrov
- Departament de Ciència dels Materials i Química Física and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Zaera
- Department of Chemistry and
UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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18
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Shi XR, Kong H, Wang S, Wang H, Qin Z, Wang J. Mechanistic Insights into Ethylene Transformations on Ir(111) by Density Functional Calculations and Microkinetic Modeling. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:906-916. [PMID: 28195415 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201700051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Ethylidyne, ethane, and carbon monomer formations from ethylene over Ir(111) at different coverages are investigated using density functional theory methods. Two possible reaction mechanisms for ethylidyne formation are investigated. The calculations show that vinyl prefers the dehydrogenation to yield vinylidene (M2) over the hydrogenation to produce ethylidene (M1) kinetically and thermodynamically at 1/9 (1/3) ML. Ethylidyne formation could be a competitive side reaction of ethylene hydrogenation, however, the ethylidyne species does not directly participate in the ethylene hydrogenation mechanism. The mechanism for C monomer formation is also studied. Microkinetic modeling shows that the ethylene hydrogenation reactivity decreases in the sequence Ir(111)>Rh(111)>Pd(111)>Pt(111) under typical hydrogenation conditions. The catalytic activity of ethylene hydrogenation decreases with increased stability of ethylene adsorption and reaction barrier of the rate-limiting step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Rong Shi
- College of Materials Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, P.R. China
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Haijuan Kong
- College of Materials Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, P.R. China
| | - Shengguang Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, 77204-4004, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P.R. China
| | - Zhangfeng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, P. R. China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, P. R. China
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19
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Wang Y, Dong X, Yu Y, Zhang M. Investigation on the conversion of ethylene to ethylidyne on Pt(100) and Pd(100) using density functional theory. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:26949-26955. [PMID: 27711617 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04295c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The comprehensive formation network of ethylidyne (CH3C) from ethylene (CH2CH2) is investigated on Pt(100) and Pd(100) using the density functional theory method. The structural and energetic features of all intermediate products were considered. We found that the trend of the activation barriers in each pathway on Pt(100) and Pd(100) are the same, whereas the barriers on Pt(100) are higher than that on Pd(100). The activation barriers of 1,2-H shift reactions are relatively high compared with the other reactions. We screened three possible pathways and selected the optimal route as CH2CH2(ethylene) → CH2CH(vinyl) → CH2C(vinylidene) → CH3C(ethylidyne).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchun Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, R&D Center for Petrochemical Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China and Tianjin University R&D Center for Petrochemical Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiuqin Dong
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, R&D Center for Petrochemical Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China and Tianjin University R&D Center for Petrochemical Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingzhe Yu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, R&D Center for Petrochemical Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China and Tianjin University R&D Center for Petrochemical Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Minhua Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, R&D Center for Petrochemical Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China and Tianjin University R&D Center for Petrochemical Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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20
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Moskaleva L, Chiu CC, Genest A, Rösch N. Transformations of Organic Molecules over Metal Surfaces: Insights from Computational Catalysis. CHEM REC 2016; 16:2388-2404. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201600048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila Moskaleva
- Institute of Applied and Physical Chemistry and Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology Universität Bremen; 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Cheng-chau Chiu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences; Academia Sinica Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Alexander Genest
- Institute of High Performance Computing Agency for Science, Technology and Research; 1 Fusionopolis Way Connexis #16-16 Singapore 138632 Singapore
| | - Notker Rösch
- Institute of High Performance Computing Agency for Science, Technology and Research; 1 Fusionopolis Way Connexis #16-16 Singapore 138632 Singapore
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center; Technische Universität München; 85747 Garching Germany
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21
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Heard CJ, Hu C, Skoglundh M, Creaser D, Grönbeck H. Kinetic Regimes in Ethylene Hydrogenation over Transition-Metal Surfaces. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b02708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Heard
- Department
of Applied Physics, ‡Competence Centre for Catalysis, and §Department of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Chaoquan Hu
- Department
of Applied Physics, ‡Competence Centre for Catalysis, and §Department of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Magnus Skoglundh
- Department
of Applied Physics, ‡Competence Centre for Catalysis, and §Department of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Derek Creaser
- Department
of Applied Physics, ‡Competence Centre for Catalysis, and §Department of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Grönbeck
- Department
of Applied Physics, ‡Competence Centre for Catalysis, and §Department of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
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22
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Tetlow H, Posthuma de Boer J, Ford IJ, Vvedensky DD, Curcio D, Omiciuolo L, Lizzit S, Baraldi A, Kantorovich L. Ethylene decomposition on Ir(111): initial path to graphene formation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:27897-27909. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp03638d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The complete mechanism behind the thermal decomposition of ethylene (C2H4) on Ir(111), which is the first step of graphene growth, is established for the first time employing a combination of experimental and theoretical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ian J. Ford
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and London Centre for Nanotechnology
- University College London
- London WC1E 6BT
- UK
| | | | - Davide Curcio
- Physics Department
- University of Trieste
- 34127 Trieste
- Italy
| | - Luca Omiciuolo
- Physics Department
- University of Trieste
- 34127 Trieste
- Italy
| | - Silvano Lizzit
- Elettra – Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A
- AREA Science Park
- 34149 Trieste
- Italy
| | - Alessandro Baraldi
- Physics Department
- University of Trieste
- 34127 Trieste
- Italy
- Elettra – Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A
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23
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Huang Y, Dong X, Yu Y. Surface carbon species formation from ethylene decomposition on Pd(100): a first-principles-based kinetic Monte Carlo study. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra13977a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the activation barriers and reaction energies from periodic density functional calculations, we conducted kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) simulations of surface carbon species formation from ethylene decomposition on a Pd(100) surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Huang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education
- R&D Center for Petrochemical Technology
- Tianjin University
- P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Xiuqin Dong
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education
- R&D Center for Petrochemical Technology
- Tianjin University
- P. R. China
| | - Yingzhe Yu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education
- R&D Center for Petrochemical Technology
- Tianjin University
- P. R. China
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24
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Zhao ZJ, Chiu CC, Gong J. Molecular understandings on the activation of light hydrocarbons over heterogeneous catalysts. Chem Sci 2015; 6:4403-4425. [PMID: 29142696 PMCID: PMC5665090 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc01227a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the depletion of petroleum and the recent shale gas revolution, the dropping of the price for light alkanes makes alkanes an attractive feedstock for the production of light alkenes and other valuable chemicals. Understanding the mechanism for the activation of C-H bonds in hydrocarbons provides fundamental insights into this process and a guideline for the optimization of catalysts used for the processing of light alkanes. In the last two decades, density functional theory (DFT) has become a powerful tool to explore elementary steps and mechanisms of many heterogeneously catalyzed processes at the atomic scale. This review describes recent progress on computational understanding of heterogeneous catalytic dehydrogenation reactions of light alkanes. We start with a short description on basic concepts and principles of DFT as well as its application in heterogeneous catalysis. The activation of C-H bonds over transition metal and alloy surfaces are then discussed in detail, followed by C-H activation over oxides, zeolites and catalysts with single atoms as active sites. The origins of coking formation are also discussed followed by a perspective on directions of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jian Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education , School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 300072 , China .
| | - Cheng-Chau Chiu
- Department Chemie , Technische Universität München , 85747 Garching , Germany
| | - Jinlong Gong
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education , School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 300072 , China .
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25
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Krooswyk JD, Waluyo I, Trenary M. Simultaneous Monitoring of Surface and Gas Phase Species during Hydrogenation of Acetylene over Pt(111) by Polarization-Dependent Infrared Spectroscopy. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b00942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joel D. Krooswyk
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor
Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Iradwikanari Waluyo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor
Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Michael Trenary
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor
Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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26
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Li J, Croiset E, Ricardez-Sandoval L. Carbon nanotube growth: First-principles-based kinetic Monte Carlo model. J Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2015.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Liu DJ, Garcia A, Wang J, Ackerman DM, Wang CJ, Evans JW. Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulation of Statistical Mechanical Models and Coarse-Grained Mesoscale Descriptions of Catalytic Reaction–Diffusion Processes: 1D Nanoporous and 2D Surface Systems. Chem Rev 2015; 115:5979-6050. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500453t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Da-Jiang Liu
- Ames Laboratory—USDOE, Division of Chemical and Biological Sciences, ‡Department of Physics & Astronomy, and §Department of Mathematics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Andres Garcia
- Ames Laboratory—USDOE, Division of Chemical and Biological Sciences, ‡Department of Physics & Astronomy, and §Department of Mathematics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Jing Wang
- Ames Laboratory—USDOE, Division of Chemical and Biological Sciences, ‡Department of Physics & Astronomy, and §Department of Mathematics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - David M. Ackerman
- Ames Laboratory—USDOE, Division of Chemical and Biological Sciences, ‡Department of Physics & Astronomy, and §Department of Mathematics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Chi-Jen Wang
- Ames Laboratory—USDOE, Division of Chemical and Biological Sciences, ‡Department of Physics & Astronomy, and §Department of Mathematics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - James W. Evans
- Ames Laboratory—USDOE, Division of Chemical and Biological Sciences, ‡Department of Physics & Astronomy, and §Department of Mathematics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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28
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Núñez M, Vlachos DG. Steady state likelihood ratio sensitivity analysis for stiff kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:044108. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4905957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. Núñez
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - D. G. Vlachos
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
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29
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Hu P, Duchesne PN, Song Y, Zhang P, Chen S. Self-assembly and chemical reactivity of alkenes on platinum nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:522-528. [PMID: 25511500 DOI: 10.1021/la503995c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Stable platinum nanoparticles were synthesized by the self-assembly of alkene derivatives onto the platinum surface, possibly forming platinum-vinylidene (Pt═C═CH-) or -acetylide (Pt-C≡) interfacial bonds as a result of dehydrogenation and transformation of the olefin moieties catalyzed by platinum. Transmission electron microscopic measurements showed that the nanoparticles were well-dispersed without apparent agglomeration, indicating effective passivation of the nanoparticles by the ligands, and the average core was estimated to be 1.34 ± 0.39 nm. FTIR measurements showed the emergence of a new vibrational band at 2023 cm(-1), which was ascribed to the formation of Pt-H and C≡C from the dehydrogenation of alkene ligands on platinum surfaces. Consistent behaviors were observed in photoluminescence measurements, where the emission profiles were similar to those of alkyne-functionalized Pt nanoparticles that arose from intraparticle charge delocalization between the particle-bound acetylene moieties. Selective reactivity with imine derivatives further confirmed the formation of Pt═C═CH- or Pt-C≡ interfacial linkages, as manifested in NMR and electrochemical measurements. Further structural insights were obtained by X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy and extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis, where the coordinate numbers and bond lengths of the Pt-Pt and Pt-C linkages suggested that the metal-ligand interfacial bonds were in the intermediate between those of Pt-C≡ and Pt-Csp(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiguang Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
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30
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Savara A, Weitz E. Elucidation of Intermediates and Mechanisms in Heterogeneous Catalysis Using Infrared Spectroscopy. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2014; 65:249-73. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-040513-103647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Infrared spectroscopy has a long history as a tool for the identification of chemical compounds. More recently, various implementations of infrared spectroscopy have been successfully applied to studies of heterogeneous catalytic reactions with the objective of identifying intermediates and determining catalytic reaction mechanisms. We discuss selective applications of these techniques with a focus on several heterogeneous catalytic reactions, including hydrogenation, deNOx, water-gas shift, and reverse-water-gas shift. The utility of using isotopic substitutions and other techniques in tandem with infrared spectroscopy is discussed. We comment on the modes of implementation and the advantages and disadvantages of the various infrared techniques. We also note future trends and the role of computational calculations in such studies. The infrared techniques considered are transmission Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy, polarization-modulation infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy, sum-frequency generation, diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy, attenuated total reflectance, infrared emission spectroscopy, photoacoustic infrared spectroscopy, and surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Savara
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830
| | - Eric Weitz
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208
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31
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Nielsen J, d’Avezac M, Hetherington J, Stamatakis M. Parallel kinetic Monte Carlo simulation framework incorporating accurate models of adsorbate lateral interactions. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:224706. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4840395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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32
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Raybaud P, Chizallet C, Mager-Maury C, Digne M, Toulhoat H, Sautet P. From γ-alumina to supported platinum nanoclusters in reforming conditions: 10years of DFT modeling and beyond. J Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2013.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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33
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Zaera F. Key unanswered questions about the mechanism of olefin hydrogenation catalysis by transition-metal surfaces: a surface-science perspective. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:11988-2003. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp50402f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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34
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Stamatakis M, Vlachos DG. Unraveling the Complexity of Catalytic Reactions via Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulation: Current Status and Frontiers. ACS Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/cs3005709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michail Stamatakis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London
WC1E 7JE, U.K
| | - Dionisios G. Vlachos
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark,
Delaware 19716, United States
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35
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Tilekaratne A, Simonovis JP, López Fagúndez MF, Ebrahimi M, Zaera F. Operando Studies of the Catalytic Hydrogenation of Ethylene on Pt(111) Single Crystal Surfaces. ACS Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/cs300411p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aashani Tilekaratne
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521,
United States
| | - Juan Pablo Simonovis
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521,
United States
| | | | - Maryam Ebrahimi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521,
United States
| | - Francisco Zaera
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521,
United States
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36
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Sabbe MK, Reyniers MF, Reuter K. First-principles kinetic modeling in heterogeneous catalysis: an industrial perspective on best-practice, gaps and needs. Catal Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cy20261a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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