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Chizallet C, Bouchy C, Larmier K, Pirngruber G. Molecular Views on Mechanisms of Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Reactions in Zeolites. Chem Rev 2023; 123:6107-6196. [PMID: 36996355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
The Brønsted acidity of proton-exchanged zeolites has historically led to the most impactful applications of these materials in heterogeneous catalysis, mainly in the fields of transformations of hydrocarbons and oxygenates. Unravelling the mechanisms at the atomic scale of these transformations has been the object of tremendous efforts in the last decades. Such investigations have extended our fundamental knowledge about the respective roles of acidity and confinement in the catalytic properties of proton exchanged zeolites. The emerging concepts are of general relevance at the crossroad of heterogeneous catalysis and molecular chemistry. In the present review, emphasis is given to molecular views on the mechanism of generic transformations catalyzed by Brønsted acid sites of zeolites, combining the information gained from advanced kinetic analysis, in situ, and operando spectroscopies, and quantum chemistry calculations. After reviewing the current knowledge on the nature of the Brønsted acid sites themselves, and the key parameters in catalysis by zeolites, a focus is made on reactions undergone by alkenes, alkanes, aromatic molecules, alcohols, and polyhydroxy molecules. Elementary events of C-C, C-H, and C-O bond breaking and formation are at the core of these reactions. Outlooks are given to take up the future challenges in the field, aiming at getting ever more accurate views on these mechanisms, and as the ultimate goal, to provide rational tools for the design of improved zeolite-based Brønsted acid catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Chizallet
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de l'Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3, Solaize 69360, France
| | - Christophe Bouchy
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de l'Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3, Solaize 69360, France
| | - Kim Larmier
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de l'Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3, Solaize 69360, France
| | - Gerhard Pirngruber
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-Point de l'Echangeur de Solaize, BP 3, Solaize 69360, France
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2
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Hajitabar Firouzjaee M, Taghizadeh M. Catalytic Performance and Kinetic Modeling of n-Butane Isomerization over Metal Bearing Silicotungstic Acid Supported on Mesoporous KIT-6. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c04411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Majid Taghizadeh
- Chemical Engineering Department, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, P.O. Box 484, 4714871167Babol, Iran
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3
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Shou H, Dasari PR, Broekhuis RR, Mondal A, Patel A, Nguyen C, Fickel DW. Cracking of Butane on a Pt/H-ZSM-5 Catalyst in the Presence of Hydrogen. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c04545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Shou
- SABIC Global Corporate Research, 1600 Industrial Blvd, Sugar Land, Texas 77478, United States
| | - Prasanna R. Dasari
- SABIC Global Corporate Research, 1600 Industrial Blvd, Sugar Land, Texas 77478, United States
| | - Robert R. Broekhuis
- SABIC Global Corporate Research, 1600 Industrial Blvd, Sugar Land, Texas 77478, United States
| | - Amit Mondal
- Analytical Technology, SABIC Technology Center, Bangalore 562125, India
| | - Ashwin Patel
- SABIC Global Corporate Research, 1600 Industrial Blvd, Sugar Land, Texas 77478, United States
| | - Cong Nguyen
- SABIC Global Corporate Research, 1600 Industrial Blvd, Sugar Land, Texas 77478, United States
| | - Dustin W. Fickel
- SABIC Global Corporate Research, 1600 Industrial Blvd, Sugar Land, Texas 77478, United States
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4
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Potter ME, Le Brocq J, Oakley AE, Cavaye H, Vandegehuchte B, Raja R. Combined spectroscopic and computational study for optimising catalyst design in hydrocarbon transformations. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:10659-10662. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02003c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Molecular interactions of hydrocarbons within the confined pores of heterogeneous catalysts can influence reaction pathways, which play a crucial role in determining the overall efficacy of catalytic transformations. We probe...
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Del Campo P, Martínez C, Corma A. Activation and conversion of alkanes in the confined space of zeolite-type materials. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:8511-8595. [PMID: 34128513 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01459a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Microporous zeolite-type materials, with crystalline porous structures formed by well-defined channels and cages of molecular dimensions, have been widely employed as heterogeneous catalysts since the early 1960s, due to their wide variety of framework topologies, compositional flexibility and hydrothermal stability. The possible selection of the microporous structure and of the elements located in framework and extraframework positions enables the design of highly selective catalysts with well-defined active sites of acidic, basic or redox character, opening the path to their application in a wide range of catalytic processes. This versatility and high catalytic efficiency is the key factor enabling their use in the activation and conversion of different alkanes, ranging from methane to long chain n-paraffins. Alkanes are highly stable molecules, but their abundance and low cost have been two main driving forces for the development of processes directed to their upgrading over the last 50 years. However, the availability of advanced characterization tools combined with molecular modelling has enabled a more fundamental approach to the activation and conversion of alkanes, with most of the recent research being focused on the functionalization of methane and light alkanes, where their selective transformation at reasonable conversions remains, even nowadays, an important challenge. In this review, we will cover the use of microporous zeolite-type materials as components of mono- and bifunctional catalysts in the catalytic activation and conversion of C1+ alkanes under non-oxidative or oxidative conditions. In each case, the alkane activation will be approached from a fundamental perspective, with the aim of understanding, at the molecular level, the role of the active sites involved in the activation and transformation of the different molecules and the contribution of shape-selective or confinement effects imposed by the microporous structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Del Campo
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
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Abstract
The growing demand for isobutane as a vital petrochemical feedstock and chemical intermediate has for many decades surpassed industrial outputs that can be supplied through liquified petroleum gases. Alternative methods to resource the isobutane market have been explored, primarily the isomerization of linear n-butane to the substituted isobutane. To date the isobutane market is valued at over 20 billion US dollars, enticing researchers to seek unique and novel catalytic materials to improve on current commercial practices. Two main classes of catalysts have dominated the butane isomerization literature in the last few decades; namely microporous zeolites and sulfated zirconia. Both have been widely researched for butane isomerization, to the point where key catalytic descriptors such as acidity, framework topology and metal doping are becoming well understood. While this provides new researchers with a roadmap for developing new materials, it is has also begun developing into an invaluable tool for diagnosing and understanding the effect of these individual descriptors on catalytic properties. In this review we explore the different factors that influence the active site behavior of particularly zeolites and sulfated zirconia catalysts towards understanding the use of butane isomerization as a diagnostic tool for solid-acid catalysts.
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Song S, Sun M, Cao M, Liu J, Lv J. Conversion of isobutane to n-butane over bifunctional PtAu-solid superacids catalyst. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01225-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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8
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Wang YL, Wang XX, Zhu YA, Zhu KK, Chen D, Zhou XG. Shape selectivity in acidic zeolite catalyzed 2-pentene skeletal isomerization from first principles. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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9
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Wang P, Wang S, Yue Y, Zhu H, Wang T, Bao X. In Situ Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy Investigations on the Evolution of Surface and Catalysis Properties of Alumina-Promoted Sulfated Zirconia during n-Butane Isomerization. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b05517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengzhao Wang
- National Engineering Research Centre of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Siqi Wang
- National Engineering Research Centre of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Yue
- National Engineering Research Centre of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Haibo Zhu
- National Engineering Research Centre of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Tinghai Wang
- National Engineering Research Centre of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy & Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
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A Comparative Study of n-Butane Isomerization over H-Beta and H-ZSM-5 Zeolites at Low Temperatures: Effects of Acid Properties and Pore Structures. Catal Letters 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-019-02683-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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11
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Wang W, Liu CJ, Wu W. Bifunctional catalysts for the hydroisomerization of n-alkanes: the effects of metal–acid balance and textural structure. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy00499h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The summary of recent advances reveals excellent potentials for the preparation of novel bifunctional catalysts with excellent catalytic performances for n-alkane hydroisomerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- National Center for International Research on Catalytic technology
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process & Technology for High-efficiency Conversion
- College of Heilongjiang Province
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences
- Heilongjiang University
| | - Chang-Jun Liu
- Tianjin Co-Innovation Center of Chemical Science & Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Wei Wu
- National Center for International Research on Catalytic technology
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process & Technology for High-efficiency Conversion
- College of Heilongjiang Province
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences
- Heilongjiang University
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12
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Guisnet M, Pinard L. Characterization of acid-base catalysts through model reactions. CATALYSIS REVIEWS-SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/01614940.2018.1446683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Guisnet
- University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
- Technical University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ludovic Pinard
- CNRS UMR7285, Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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13
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Yang K, Li H, Zhao S, Lai S, Lai W, Lian Y, Fang W. Improvement of Activity and Stability of CuGa Promoted Sulfated Zirconia Catalyst for n-Butane Isomerization. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b04590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Honglin Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Siqi Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Shengsong Lai
- National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Weikun Lai
- National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Yixin Lian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Weiping Fang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 Fujian Province, PR China
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Kurniawan T, Muraza O, Bakare IA, Sanhoob MA, Al-Amer AM. Isomerization of n-Butane over Cost-Effective Mordenite Catalysts Fabricated via Recrystallization of Natural Zeolites. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b04040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teguh Kurniawan
- Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology and Chemical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
- Chemical
Engineering Department, University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Cilegon 42435, Indonesia
| | - Oki Muraza
- Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology and Chemical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Idris A. Bakare
- Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology and Chemical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Sanhoob
- Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology and Chemical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adnan M. Al-Amer
- Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology and Chemical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Klerk AD. Zeolites as Catalysts for Fuels Refining after Indirect Liquefaction Processes. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23010115. [PMID: 29316624 PMCID: PMC6017554 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of zeolite catalysts for the refining of products from methanol synthesis and Fisher-Tropsch synthesis was reviewed. The focus was on fuels refining processes and differences in the application to indirect liquefaction products was compared to petroleum, which is often a case of managing different molecules. Processes covered were skeletal isomerisation of n-butenes, hydroisomerisation of n-butane, aliphatic alkylation, alkene oligomerisation, methanol to hydrocarbons, ethanol and heavier alcohols to hydrocarbons, carbonyls to hydrocarbons, etherification of alkenes with alcohols, light naphtha hydroisomerisation, catalytic naphtha reforming, hydroisomerisation of distillate, hydrocracking and fluid catalytic cracking. The zeolite types that are already industrially used were pointed out, as well as zeolite types that have future promise for specific conversion processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arno de Klerk
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211-116th Street, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada.
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16
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Wang P, Zhang M, Zhang W, Yang C, Li C. Isomerization of n-Butane over SO42–/Al2O3–ZrO2 in a Circulated Fluidized Bed Reactor: Prospects for Commercial Application. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b01858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengzhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy
Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266555, P.R. China
| | - Minxiu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy
Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266555, P.R. China
| | - Wenfang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy
Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266555, P.R. China
| | - Chaohe Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy
Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266555, P.R. China
| | - Chunyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy
Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266555, P.R. China
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17
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Nature of active sites and deactivation mechanism for n-butane isomerization over alumina-promoted sulfated zirconia. J Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2016.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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