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Tateishi I, Kuwahara S, Furukawa M, Katsumata H, Kaneco S. O-doped g-C 3N 4 prepared in pyridine for efficiently photocatalytic hydrogen production. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023:1-11. [PMID: 38032269 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2283799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen-doped g-C3N4 with pyridine ring (POCN) was synthesized by easily thermal polymerization of urea, pyridine solution, and ammonium acetate to improve photocatalytic hydrogen production. The experimental results indicate that pyridine was incorporated into the tri-s-triazine structure of g-C3N4. The O atoms were modified to g-C3N4 by replacing the N atoms (C-N=C) of the triazine ring. The photocatalytic activity for the hydrogen production rate of optimized POCN was 1018 µmol g-1 h-1, approximately 30 times higher than that of bulk g-C3N4 (CN) under visible light irradiation (λ > 420 nm). The high stability of POCN was confirmed through cycling tests for 30-h, XRD patterns, and SEM images. The pyridine incorporation can significantly enhance surface charge transfer efficiency. The oxygen modification can greatly promote visible light absorption (600 nm) and photogenerated electron-hole pairs separation. This work provides a suitable strategy to synthesize g-C3N4 based on metal-free photocatalysts for highly efficient photocatalytic hydrogen generation performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikki Tateishi
- Global Environment Center for Education and Research, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Shuhei Kuwahara
- Department of Chemistry for Materials, Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Mai Furukawa
- Department of Chemistry for Materials, Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Katsumata
- Department of Chemistry for Materials, Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kaneco
- Department of Chemistry for Materials, Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
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Alshammari AH, Alshammari M, Alhassan S, Alshammari K, Alotaibi T, Taha TAM. MoO 3/S@g-C 3N 4 Nanocomposite Structures: Synthesis, Characterization, and Hydrogen Catalytic Performance. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:820. [PMID: 36903698 PMCID: PMC10005639 DOI: 10.3390/nano13050820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen production as a source of clean energy is high in demand nowadays to avoid environmental issues originating from the use of conventional energy sources i.e., fossil fuels. In this work and for the first time, MoO3/S@g-C3N4 nanocomposite is functionalized for hydrogen production. Sulfur@graphitic carbon nitride (S@g-C3N4)-based catalysis is prepared via thermal condensation of thiourea. The MoO3, S@g-C3N4, and MoO3/S@g-C3N4 nanocomposites were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), STEM, and spectrophotometer. The lattice constant (a = 3.96, b = 13.92 Å) and the volume (203.4 Å3) of MoO3/10%S@g-C3N4 were found to be the highest compared with MoO3, MoO3/20-%S@g-C3N4, and MoO3/30%S@g-C3N4, and that led to highest band gap energy of 4.14 eV. The nanocomposite sample MoO3/10%S@g-C3N4 showed a higher surface area (22 m2/g) and large pore volume (0.11 cm3/g). The average nanocrystal size and microstrain for MoO3/10%S@g-C3N4 were found to be 23 nm and -0.042, respectively. The highest hydrogen production from NaBH4 hydrolysis ~22,340 mL/g·min was obtained from MoO3/10%S@g-C3N4 nanocomposites, while 18,421 mL/g·min was obtained from pure MoO3. Hydrogen production was increased when increasing the masses of MoO3/10%S@g-C3N4.
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Dang TT, Nguyen TKA, Bhamu KC, Mahvelati-Shamsabadi T, Van VKH, Shin EW, Chung KH, Hur SH, Choi WM, Kang SG, Chung JS. Engineering Holey Defects on 2D Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheets by Solvolysis in Organic Solvents. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Truong Dang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Thi Kim Anh Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan44610, Republic of Korea
| | - K. C. Bhamu
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan44610, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Vo Kim Hieu Van
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Woo Shin
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Koo-Hyun Chung
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Hur
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Mook Choi
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Gu Kang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Suk Chung
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan44610, Republic of Korea
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Torres-Pinto A, Silva CG, Faria JL, Silva AM. The effect of precursor selection on the microwave-assisted synthesis of graphitic carbon nitride. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2022.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Mafa PJ, Malefane ME, Idris AO, Liu D, Gui J, Mamba BB, Kuvarega AT. Multi-elemental doped g-C3N4 with enhanced visible light photocatalytic Activity: Insight into naproxen Degradation, Kinetics, effect of Electrolytes, and mechanism. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.120089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Lin YS, Lin KS, Chen Y, Mdlovu NV. Synthesis, characterization, and application of gene conjugated polymerized nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots carriers for in vivo bio-targeting in neuroblastoma treatment. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2021.104167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Li L, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Wang X, Dai WL. Superior sponge-like carbon self-doping graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets derived from supramolecular pre-assembly of a melamine-cyanuric acid complex for photocatalytic H 2 evolution. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:155604. [PMID: 33361568 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abd6d1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The photocatalytic evolution of hydrogen (H2) from water splitting is considered a promising route to overcome the energy crisis, and the key lies in the preparation of efficient photocatalysts. Herein, superior ordered sponge-like carbon self-doped graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets (SCCNS) were prepared via a combined strategy of melamine-cyanuric acid complex supramolecular pre-assembly and solvothermal pre-treatment using ethylene glycol (EG) aqueous solutions (EG:water = 50:50 vol.%) as a solvent and carbon doping source. The following pyrolysis converts the naturally arranged melamine-EG-cyanuric acid supramolecular intermediates to highly crystalline SCCNS with large specific surface areas. The optimal SCCNS-180 exhibits superior photocatalytic H2 evolution activities (∼4393 and 11 320 μmol h-1 g-1) when irradiated with visible light and simulated sunlight; these values are up to ∼17- and ∼18-fold higher than that of bulk g-C3N4. The quantum efficiency of SCCNS-180 at λ = 420 nm can reach 6.0%. The excellent photocatalytic performance of SCCNS-180 derives from its distinct ordered sponge-like nanosheet structure with highly crystallinity and the carbon doping, leading to its improved optical absorption, accelerated photoinduced electron-hole pair transfer and separation rate and enlarged specific surface area (134.4 m2 g-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Li
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Juhua Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohao Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Lin Dai
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
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Chen Z, Chen Y, Zhao Y, Qiu F, Jiang K, Huang S, Ke C, Zhu J, Tranca D, Zhuang X. B/N-Enriched Semi-Conductive Polymer Film for Micro-Supercapacitors with AC Line-Filtering Performance. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:2523-2531. [PMID: 33570418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microsupercapacitors (MSCs) have drawn great attention for use as miniaturized electrochemical energy storage devices in portable, wearable, as well as implantable electronics. Many materials have been developed as electrodes for MSCs. However, the thin-film fabrication for most of these materials involves multistep operations, including filtration, spray coating, and sputtering. Most importantly, these methods present challenges for the preparation of thin films at the atomic or molecular scale. Therefore, the understanding of performance of ultrathin-film-based MSCs remains challenge. Herein, a B/N-enriched polymer film is successfully prepared using the photoassisted interfacial approach. The as-synthesized polymer film exhibits typical semiconductive characteristics and can be easily scaled up to a large area of up to tens of square centimeters. This ultrathin polymer film can be directly transferred to silicon wafers to fabricate MSC through laser scribing. The prepared MSC exhibits specific volumetric capacitance as high as 20.9 F cm-3, corresponding to volumetric energy density of 2.9 mWh cm-3 (at 0.1 V s-1). Moreover, the volumetric power density can reach 1461 W cm-3, surpassing most existing semiconductive polymer film-based MSC devices. In addition, the prepared MSC exhibits typical AC line-filtering ability (-67° at 120 Hz). This study offers a facile interfacial approach to preparing semiconductive polymer films with aromatic moieties for microsized energy storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenying Chen
- The meso-Entropy Matter Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yuanhai Chen
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, P. R. China
| | - Yazhen Zhao
- The meso-Entropy Matter Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, P. R. China
| | - Kaiyue Jiang
- The meso-Entropy Matter Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Senhe Huang
- The meso-Entropy Matter Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Changchun Ke
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jinhui Zhu
- The meso-Entropy Matter Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Diana Tranca
- The meso-Entropy Matter Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Zhuang
- The meso-Entropy Matter Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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Mohanraj J, Durgalakshmi D, Saravanan R. Water-soluble graphitic carbon nitride for clean environmental applications. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 269:116172. [PMID: 33280911 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The removal of halogenated dye and sensing of pharmaceutical products in the water bodies with quick purification time is of high need due to the scarcity of drinking water. The present work reported on the preparation of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) for quick time water contaminant adsorption, followed by synthesizing silver nanoparticles decorated graphitic carbon nitride for pharmaceutical product sensing using in-situ SERS technique. The prepared graphitic carbon nitride is used to study the adsorption behavior of water contaminants at room temperature, in the presence of methylene blue (MB) as an adsorbate model. The water-soluble graphitic carbon nitride, even at low concentration, possesses an excellent ability to adsorb halogenated organic dye. As a result, the dyes are found to adsorb within ∼5s even without any additional physical or chemical activation. From the UV-Vis absorption investigations, it has been perceived that in the presence of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) the dye adsorption efficacy is observed nearly 80% with the well fitted linearly of R2 = 0.9731. Effective in-situ surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) studies for Ag nanoparticles decorated graphitic carbon nitride has been carried out and the obtained result shows good sensing performance of the material towards acetaminophen drug. This method opens the possibility of the Nobel metal decorated graphitic carbon nitride for real-time sensing of SERS-based drug products along with the development of high-performance sensing of the target analyte in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagannathan Mohanraj
- Department of Medical Physics, CEG Campus, Anna University, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | | | - Rajendran Saravanan
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Ambientales Zonas Áridas, Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Tarapacá, Avda. General Velásquez, 1775, Arica, Chile
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10
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Wang X, Qiu S, Feng J, Tong Y, Zhou F, Li Q, Song L, Chen S, Wu KH, Su P, Ye S, Hou F, Dou SX, Liu HK, Max Lu GQ, Sun C, Liu J, Liang J. Confined Fe-Cu Clusters as Sub-Nanometer Reactors for Efficiently Regulating the Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction Reaction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2004382. [PMID: 32876982 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) over nonprecious-metal and single-atom catalysts has received increasing attention as a sustainable strategy to synthesize ammonia. However, the atomic-scale regulation of such active sites for NRR catalysis remains challenging because of the large distance between them, which significantly weakens their cooperation. Herein, the utilization of regular surface cavities with unique microenvironment on graphitic carbon nitride as "subnano reactors" to precisely confine multiple Fe and Cu atoms for NRR electrocatalysis is reported. The synergy of Fe and Cu atoms in such confined subnano space provides significantly enhanced NRR performance, with nearly doubles ammonia yield and 54%-increased Faradic efficiency up to 34%, comparing with the single-metal counterparts. First principle simulation reveals this synergistic effect originates from the unique Fe-Cu coordination, which effectively modifies the N2 absorption, improves electron transfer, and offers extra redox couples for NRR. This work thus provides new strategies of manipulating catalysts active centers at the sub-nanometer scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Applied Physics Department, College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, No. 393 Binshui West Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300387, China
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Siyao Qiu
- Science & Technology Innovation Institute, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523000, China
| | - Jianmin Feng
- Applied Physics Department, College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, No. 393 Binshui West Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Yueyu Tong
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Fengling Zhou
- Science & Technology Innovation Institute, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523000, China
| | - Qinye Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, and Centre for Translational Atomaterials, FSET, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, 3122, Australia
| | - Li Song
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, China
| | - Shuangming Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, China
| | - Kuang-Hsu Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Panpan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Sheng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Feng Hou
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Shi Xue Dou
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Hua Kun Liu
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Gao Qing Max Lu
- DICP-Surrey Joint Centre for Future Materials, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, and Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guilford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Chenghua Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, and Centre for Translational Atomaterials, FSET, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, 3122, Australia
| | - Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China
- DICP-Surrey Joint Centre for Future Materials, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, and Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guilford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Ji Liang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
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1D-2D Ag nanowire/g-C3N4 hybrid obtained via a post-mechanical-mixing route for photocatalytic Rhodamine B degradation. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-020-04229-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Yu HY, Li HJ, Ma YY, Feng YX, Qian DJ. Interfacial self-assembly of carbon nitride-based nanocomposites with zinc terpyridyl coordination polymers for photocurrent generation and the photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Zhang H, Tian W, Duan X, Sun H, Shen Y, Shao G, Wang S. Functional carbon nitride materials for water oxidation: from heteroatom doping to interface engineering. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:6937-6952. [PMID: 32196063 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr00652a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric carbon nitrides (PCNs) are promising photocatalysts and electrocatalysts for water oxidation, as they are environmentally benign materials with an adjustable structure and facilely synthesized from inexpensive and abundant starting materials. In this minireview, we examine the state-of-the-art strategies for tailoring PCNs for efficient photocatalytic, electrocatalytic, and photoelectrochemical water oxidation, including heteroatom doping and interface engineering from band structure alignment (e.g., by coupling inorganic or organic semiconductors) to hybridization with nanoscale cocatalysts (e.g., nanosheets, nanoarrays, nanoparticles, and quantum dots) and sub-nanoscale cocatalysts (e.g., metallic molecular clusters and single-atom catalysts). Through establishing the structure-activity correlations, we aim to present a clear roadmap for providing insights into the design strategies, structure modification, and the improved catalytic performances of PCN-based materials in different catalytic water oxidation processes. For future guidance, we also propose some outlooks on the perspective and challenges of PCNs towards a better application in catalytic water oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayang Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
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14
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Eid K, Sliem MH, Abdullah AM. Unraveling template-free fabrication of carbon nitride nanorods codoped with Pt and Pd for efficient electrochemical and photoelectrochemical carbon monoxide oxidation at room temperature. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:11755-11764. [PMID: 31183488 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr02571e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The tailored synthesis of carbon nitrides (CNs) is of particular interest in multidisciplinary catalytic applications. However, their fabrication in the form of one-dimensional (1D) nanorods for electrocatalytic carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation is not hitherto reported. Herein, a facile roadmap is presented for the rational design of Pt- and Pd-codoped CN (PtPd/CNs) nanorods via protonation of melamine in an ethylene glycol solution containing Pt and Pd precursors using NaNO3 and HCl and subsequent annealing. The protonation induces the polymerization of melamine to melon nanosheets that consequently roll up to CN nanorods. This tailored the prompt high mass production of uniform 1D CN nanorods (94 ± 2 nm) with a high surface area (155.2 m2 g-1) and they were atomically codoped with Pt and Pd (1.5 wt%) without a template and/or multiple complicated steps. The electrocatalytic CO oxidation activity of PtPd/CNs is 2.01 and 23.41 times greater than that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst and metal-free CNs, respectively, at room temperature. Meanwhile, the UV-vis light irradiation enhanced the CO oxidation activity of PtPd/CNs nanorods by 1.48 fold compared to that in the dark, emanated from the coupling between the drastic inbuilt catalytic merits of PtPd and the inimitable physicochemical properties of CNs. The presented study may pave the way for using CN-based materials in gas conversion reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamel Eid
- Center for advanced materials, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
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15
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Jiang L, Yuan X, Zeng G, Liang J, Wu Z, Yu H, Mo D, Wang H, Xiao Z, Zhou C. Nitrogen self-doped g-C3N4 nanosheets with tunable band structures for enhanced photocatalytic tetracycline degradation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 536:17-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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16
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Sun X, Li HJ, Ou N, Lyu B, Gui B, Tian S, Qian D, Wang X, Yang J. Visible-Light Driven TiO₂ Photocatalyst Coated with Graphene Quantum Dots of Tunable Nitrogen Doping. Molecules 2019; 24:E344. [PMID: 30669386 PMCID: PMC6359080 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs) were successfully prepared via a hydrothermal method using citric acid and urea as the carbon and nitrogen precursors, respectively. Due to different post-treatment processes, the obtained NGQDs with different surface modifications exhibited blue light emission, while their visible-light absorption was obviously different. To further understand the roles of nitrogen dopants and N-containing surface groups of NGQDs in the photocatalytic performance, their corresponding composites with TiO₂ were utilized to degrade RhB solutions under visible-light irradiation. A series of characterization and photocatalytic performance tests were carried out, which demonstrated that NGQDs play a significant role in enhancing visible-light driven photocatalytic activity and the carrier separation process. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of the NGQDs/TiO₂ composites can possibly be attributed to an enhanced visible light absorption ability, and an improved separation and transfer rate of photogenerated carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Sun
- School of Materials Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jungong Rd., Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Hui-Jun Li
- School of Materials Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jungong Rd., Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Nanquan Ou
- School of Materials Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jungong Rd., Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Bowen Lyu
- School of Materials Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jungong Rd., Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Bojie Gui
- School of Materials Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jungong Rd., Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Shiwei Tian
- School of Materials Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jungong Rd., Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Dongjin Qian
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, No. 220 Handan Rd., Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Xianying Wang
- School of Materials Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jungong Rd., Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Junhe Yang
- School of Materials Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jungong Rd., Shanghai 200093, China.
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17
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Wang C, Fan H, Ren X, Ma J, Fang J, Wang W. Hydrothermally Induced Oxygen Doping of Graphitic Carbon Nitride with a Highly Ordered Architecture and Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity. CHEMSUSCHEM 2018; 11:700-708. [PMID: 29285895 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201702278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
As an amorphous or semicrystalline material, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3 N4 ) displays poor photocatalytic activity owing to rapid recombination of the photogenerated charge carriers, which is mainly caused by a high density of defects in the graphitic structure. In this work, a porous O-doped g-C3 N4 (P-CNO) nanosheet with a highly ordered architecture is fabricated by introducing a novel hydrothermal treatment to the precursor before the final thermal condensation. The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate (HER) and HER per surface area of P-CNO are 13.9 and 1.7 times higher than that of bulk g-C3 N4 . The improved photocatalytic activity is ascribed to a synergistic effect of O doping, a porous sheet-like morphology, and increased crystallinity. This work also provides a new approach for the synthesis of other polymer-based photocatalysts with high crystallinity and excellent performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China
| | - Huiqing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China
| | - Xiaohu Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China
| | - Jiangwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China
| | - Jiawen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China
| | - Weijia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China
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18
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Sethi YA, Praveen CS, Panmand RP, Ambalkar A, Kulkarni AK, Gosavi SW, Kulkarni MV, Kale BB. Perforated N-doped monoclinic ZnWO4 nanorods for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen generation and RhB degradation under natural sunlight. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy00521d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A perforated N-doped monoclinic ZnWO4 nanorod photocatalyst for excellent hydrogen production via water splitting under sunlight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh A. Sethi
- Nanocrystalline Laboratory
- Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology (CMET)
- Department of Information Technology
- Pune 411007
- India
| | - C. S. Praveen
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences
- ETH Zurich
- 8093 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Rajendra P. Panmand
- Nanocrystalline Laboratory
- Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology (CMET)
- Department of Information Technology
- Pune 411007
- India
| | - Anuradha Ambalkar
- Nanocrystalline Laboratory
- Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology (CMET)
- Department of Information Technology
- Pune 411007
- India
| | - Aniruddha K. Kulkarni
- Prof. John Barnabas School of Biological Studies
- Department of Chemistry
- Ahmednagar College
- Ahmednagar
- India
| | | | - Milind V. Kulkarni
- Nanocrystalline Laboratory
- Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology (CMET)
- Department of Information Technology
- Pune 411007
- India
| | - Bharat B. Kale
- Nanocrystalline Laboratory
- Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology (CMET)
- Department of Information Technology
- Pune 411007
- India
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19
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Zhao Z, Ge G, Zhang D. Heteroatom-Doped Carbonaceous Photocatalysts for Solar Fuel Production and Environmental Remediation. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201700707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongkui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; Department of Catalysis Chemistry and Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 P.R. China
| | - Guifang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; Department of Catalysis Chemistry and Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 P.R. China
| | - Di Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; Department of Catalysis Chemistry and Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 P.R. China
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20
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Hong Y, Li C, Li D, Fang Z, Luo B, Yan X, Shen H, Mao B, Shi W. Precisely tunable thickness of graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets for visible-light-driven photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:14103-14110. [PMID: 28901369 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr05155g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) nanosheets with unique physicochemical properties have received increasing attention in the area of photocatalysis, yet tunable thickness for the straightforward production of this graphite-like two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterial remains a challenge. In this work, GCN nanosheets with different thicknesses were firstly prepared by a direct calcination of melamine supramolecular aggregates (MSA) obtained from a hydrochloric acid (HCl)-induced hydrothermal assembly approach. The resultant nanosheets over nanometer scale thickness could be precisely controlled via simply adjusting the HCl concentration. Compared to the bulk GCN (BGCN), the thinner nanosheets possessed a high specific surface area, a large electronic-band structure, and fast charge separation ability. The thinnest nanosheets with a thickness of approximately 4 nm exhibited excellent visible-light-driven photocatalytic water splitting performance in hydrogen evolution (524 μmol h-1 g-1), which is over 9-fold higher than the BGCN powder. This work provides a thickness-dependent strategy for the preparation of metal-free GCN nanosheets and develops a promising 2D photocatalyst for application in solar energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhi Hong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
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21
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Lima MJ, Silva AM, Silva CG, Faria JL. Graphitic carbon nitride modified by thermal, chemical and mechanical processes as metal-free photocatalyst for the selective synthesis of benzaldehyde from benzyl alcohol. J Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2017.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Multiple-shell ZnSe core-shell spheres and their improved photocatalytic activity. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 502:1-7. [PMID: 28463683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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23
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Zhao D, Chen J, Dong CL, Zhou W, Huang YC, Mao SS, Guo L, Shen S. Interlayer interaction in ultrathin nanosheets of graphitic carbon nitride for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. J Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2017.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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Direct Growth of CuO Nanorods on Graphitic Carbon Nitride with Synergistic Effect on Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate. MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10050484. [PMID: 28772844 PMCID: PMC5458993 DOI: 10.3390/ma10050484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Novel graphitic carbon nitride/CuO (g-C3N4/CuO) nanocomposite was synthesized through a facile precipitation method. Due to the strong ion-dipole interaction between copper ions and nitrogen atoms of g-C3N4, CuO nanorods (length 200–300 nm, diameter 5–10 nm) were directly grown on g-C3N4, forming a g-C3N4/CuO nanocomposite, which was confirmed via X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Finally, thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) in the absence and presence of the prepared g-C3N4/CuO nanocomposite was examined by differential thermal analysis (DTA), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The g-C3N4/CuO nanocomposite showed promising catalytic effects for the thermal decomposition of AP. Upon addition of 2 wt % nanocomposite with the best catalytic performance (g-C3N4/20 wt % CuO), the decomposition temperature of AP was decreased by up to 105.5 °C and only one decomposition step was found instead of the two steps commonly reported in other examples, demonstrating the synergistic catalytic activity of the as-synthesized nanocomposite. This study demonstrated a successful example regarding the direct growth of metal oxide on g-C3N4 by ion-dipole interaction between metallic ions, and the lone pair electrons on nitrogen atoms, which could provide a novel strategy for the preparation of g-C3N4-based nanocomposite.
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25
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Khan MA, Xia M, Mutahir S, Muhmood T, Lei W, Wang F. Encapsulating nano rods of copper–biphenylamines framework on g-C3N4 photocatalysts for visible-light-driven organic dyes degradation: promoting charge separation efficiency. Catal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy00420f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
For the first time we have successfully constructed semi conductive copper–biphenylamines framework hybrid photocatalysts to degrade organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asim Khan
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P.R. China
| | - Mingzhu Xia
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P.R. China
| | - Sadaf Mutahir
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P.R. China
| | - Tahir Muhmood
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P.R. China
| | - Wu Lei
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P.R. China
| | - Fengyun Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- P.R. China
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26
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Zhou L, Zhang H, Sun H, Liu S, Tade MO, Wang S, Jin W. Recent advances in non-metal modification of graphitic carbon nitride for photocatalysis: a historic review. Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cy01195k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive survey and critical comments on the development of photocatalysts with a focus on the metal-free materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Curtin University
- Australia
| | - Huayang Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Curtin University
- Australia
| | - Hongqi Sun
- School of Engineering
- Edith Cowan University
- Joondalup
- Australia
| | - Shaomin Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Curtin University
- Australia
| | - Moses O. Tade
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Curtin University
- Australia
| | - Shaobin Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Curtin University
- Australia
| | - Wanqin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
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27
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Du C, Li D, He Q, Liu J, Li W, He G, Wang Y. Design and simple synthesis of composite Bi12TiO20/Bi4Ti3O12 with a good photocatalytic quantum efficiency and high production of photo-generated hydroxyl radicals. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:26530-26538. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp05223a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid Bi12TiO20/Bi4Ti3O12 composites with a good photocatalytic quantum efficiency explained using a Z-scheme mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, and Institute for Advanced Materials
- School of Physics and Telecommunication of South China Normal University
- Guangzhou 510006
- People's Republic of China
| | - Donghai Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, and Institute for Advanced Materials
- School of Physics and Telecommunication of South China Normal University
- Guangzhou 510006
- People's Republic of China
| | - Qinyu He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, and Institute for Advanced Materials
- School of Physics and Telecommunication of South China Normal University
- Guangzhou 510006
- People's Republic of China
| | - Junming Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, and Institute for Advanced Materials
- School of Physics and Telecommunication of South China Normal University
- Guangzhou 510006
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, and Institute for Advanced Materials
- School of Physics and Telecommunication of South China Normal University
- Guangzhou 510006
- People's Republic of China
| | - Guannan He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, and Institute for Advanced Materials
- School of Physics and Telecommunication of South China Normal University
- Guangzhou 510006
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yinzhen Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, and Institute for Advanced Materials
- School of Physics and Telecommunication of South China Normal University
- Guangzhou 510006
- People's Republic of China
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