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Jastaneyah Z, Kamar H, Al Garalleh H. A Review Paper on Thermal Comfort and Ventilation Systems in Educational Buildings: Nano-Mechanical and Mathematical Aspects. JOURNAL OF NANOFLUIDS 2023. [DOI: 10.1166/jon.2023.1902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Thermal comfort has always been an essential factor that affects students’ productivity and success. Students spend considerable time at their schools or universities more than any other building type except their homes. Thus, indicating the importance of providing thermal comfort
in educational buildings. Many studies worldwide are conducted to assess and optimize thermal comfort inside classrooms. However, the results have not been accurate even for similar study conditions due to the differences in the studies’ conditions. This paper focuses on thermal comfort
studies in educational buildings (classrooms). The studies are divided into two sections, the first covering field studies methodologies, objective, and subjective questionnaires, and the second reviewing thermal comfort results based on the climatic zone, educational level, and analysis approach.
It is recommended that thermal comfort studies be carried out using rational and adaptive models as they provide more accurate, reliable results. Also, it is found that thermal comfort standards are generally inadequate to assess thermal comfort in classrooms. Thus, other international standards
should be created and considered for classroom assessment. Over the past few years, the combination between nanotechnology and architecture engineering has been widely used in several disciplines because of its crucial significance in finding new nanodevices to contribute in reducing of energy
consumption, particularly on construction materials. Filling functionalized tools with nanoparticles plays a critical role in improving the thermal and optical properties, particularly with respect to nanofluids applications, i.e., buildings applications of thermal comfort. The experimental
results of long-term studies show that the calculation values of optimization have a consistent agreement with the experimental transmission of nanofluids models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhair Jastaneyah
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Kuala Lampur, 81310, Malaysia
| | - Haslinda Kamar
- Department of Mathematical Science, College of Engineering, University of Business and Technology-Dahban, Jeddah, 21361, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hakim Al Garalleh
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Kuala Lampur, 81310, Malaysia
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Sydorenko J, Mere A, Krunks M, Krichevskaya M, Acik IO. Transparent TiO 2 thin films with high photocatalytic activity for indoor air purification. RSC Adv 2022; 12:35531-35542. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06488j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhanced photocatalytic oxidation of indoor VOC mixtures on transparent polycrystalline spray-deposited TiO2 thin films under ultraviolet and visible light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jekaterina Sydorenko
- Laboratory of Thin Films Chemical Technologies, Department of Materials and Environmental Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Arvo Mere
- Laboratory of Thin Films Chemical Technologies, Department of Materials and Environmental Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Malle Krunks
- Laboratory of Thin Films Chemical Technologies, Department of Materials and Environmental Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Marina Krichevskaya
- Laboratory of Environmental Technology, Department of Materials and Environmental Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Ilona Oja Acik
- Laboratory of Thin Films Chemical Technologies, Department of Materials and Environmental Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
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Liu X, Ruan Z, Zhang L, Li Y, Jiang Y, Fan J, Xu X, Du Y, Yuan Y, Lin K. Porous cauliflower-like molybdenum disulfide/cadmium sulfide hybrid micro/nano structure: Enhanced visible light absorption ability and photocatalytic activity. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 590:352-364. [PMID: 33549894 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Micro-/nanostructured materials can control the diffraction and propagation of light, thereby providing new optical properties that can be exploited to enhance photocatalytic processes. In this work, a series of the cauliflower-like MoS2/CdS hybrid micro-/nanostructures is synthesized. These structures contain numerous cracks and pores that can enhance the absorption and utilization of light as well as shorten the distance for transferring photogenerated electrons to the catalyst surface. The results of ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance absorption spectra show that the composite material has enhanced absorption in the visible light region. Further investigation of the optical characteristics of the synthesized materials using a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation reveals that the cauliflower-like micro-/nanostructure increases the optical absorption intensity at the MoS2/CdS interface. Notably, the MoS2/CdS hybrid micro-/nanostructures exhibits high photocatalytic hydrogen production activity (9.5 mmol g-1 h-1) and long-lasting cycle stability. This work helps us to further understand the enhancement mechanism of light absorption and utilization by porous structural materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Zhaohui Ruan
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Nan Gang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yudong Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yanqiu Jiang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Jizhuang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Xianzhu Xu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yunchen Du
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Nan Gang District, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Kaifeng Lin
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
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Abstract
Metal oxide materials are known for their ability to store thermochemical energy through reversible redox reactions. Metal oxides provide a new category of materials with exceptional performance in terms of thermochemical energy storage, reaction stability and oxygen-exchange and uptake capabilities. However, these characteristics are predicated on the right combination of the metal oxide candidates. In this study, metal oxide materials consisting of pure oxides, like cobalt(II) oxide, manganese(II) oxide, and iron(II, III) oxide (Fe3O4), and mixed oxides, such as (100 wt.% CoO, 100 wt.% Fe3O4, 100 wt.% CoO, 25 wt.% MnO + 75 wt.% CoO, 75 wt.% MnO + 25 wt.% CoO) and 50 wt.% MnO + 50.wt.% CoO), which was subjected to a two-cycle redox reaction, was proposed. The various mixtures of metal oxide catalysts proposed were investigated through the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), energy dispersive X-ray (EDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. The effect of argon (Ar) and oxygen (O2) at different gas flow rates (20, 30, and 50 mL/min) and temperature at thermal charging step and thermal discharging step (30–1400 °C) during the redox reaction were investigated. It was revealed that on the overall, 50 wt.% MnO + 50 wt.% CoO oxide had the most stable thermal stability and oxygen exchange to uptake ratio (0.83 and 0.99 at first and second redox reaction cycles, respectively). In addition, 30 mL/min Ar–20 mL/min O2 gas flow rate further increased the proposed (Fe,Co,Mn)Ox mixed oxide catalyst’s cyclic stability and oxygen uptake ratio. SEM revealed that the proposed (Fe,Co,Mn)Ox material had a smooth surface and consisted of polygonal-shaped structures. Thus, the proposed metallic oxide material can effectively be utilized for high-density thermochemical energy storage purposes. This study is of relevance to the power engineering industry and academia.
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Abstract
TiO2 has been widely used as a photocatalyst and an electrode material toward the photodegradation of organic pollutants and electrochemical applications, respectively. However, the properties of TiO2 are not enough up to meet practical needs because of its intrinsic disadvantages such as a wide bandgap and low conductivity. Incorporation of carbon into the TiO2 lattice is a promising tool to overcome these limitations because carbon has metal-like conductivity, high separation efficiency of photogenerated electron/hole pairs, and strong visible-light absorption. This review would describe and discuss a variety of strategies to develop carbon-doped TiO2 with enhanced photoelectrochemical performances in environmental, energy, and catalytic fields. Emphasis is given to highlight current techniques and recent progress in C-doped TiO2-based materials. Meanwhile, how to tackle the challenges we are currently facing is also discussed. This understanding will allow the process to continue to evolve and provide facile and feasible techniques for the design and development of carbon-doped TiO2 materials.
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Reactor Design and Thermal Performance Analysis for Solar Thermal Energy Storage Application. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13123186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Solar energy is a sustainable and low-cost renewable energy of enormous importance, especially at this time where non-renewable energy sources are unsustainable and costly. However, improving the thermal performance of a solar energy storage reactor poses some challenges. In this study, the location of fluid inlets and outlets in the given reactor design and its impact on the thermal performance were investigated. A P1 approximation radiation model coupled with shallow channel approximation of fluid flow was developed. By taking the frustum base as a reference, four fluid inlets along the edges of the frustum and two outlet locations at the base and side of the reactor were computed. Inlets located 4.81 cm from the base of the frustum and an outlet located at the side of the reactor were found to have a better thermal performance with a short conveyer energy flow system. It was also deduced that radiation applied at the edges of the frustum had better thermal performance than that applied at a quartz edge. Furthermore, increasing the laminar inflow rate from 0.36 (L/h) to 3.6 (L/h) increased the temperature distribution in the reactor. This study provides noteworthy insights of relevance to the power engineering industry and academia.
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Review on heat conduction, heat convection, thermal radiation and phase change heat transfer of nanofluids in porous media: Fundamentals and applications. Chem Eng Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ellert OG, Nikolaev SA, Maslov DA, Bukhtenko OV, Maksimov YV, Imshennik VK, Kirdyankin DI, Averin AA, Tsodikov MV. Structure, Magnetic and Photochemical Properties of Fe–TiO2 Nanoparticles Stabilized in Al2O3 Matrix. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023618110049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Wu W, Li X, Ruan Z, Li Y, Xu X, Yuan Y, Lin K. Fabrication of a TiO2 trapped meso/macroporous g-C3N4 heterojunction photocatalyst and understanding its enhanced photocatalytic activity based on optical simulation analysis. Inorg Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qi00751e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The enhanced photocatalytic performance of a TiO2 nanoparticle trapped meso/macroporous g-C3N4 heterojunction photocatalyst is strongly related to its enhanced light absorption as revealed by optical simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanbao Wu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- China
| | - Xu Li
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- China
| | - Zhaohui Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Thermophysics
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology
- School of Energy Science and Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
| | - Yudong Li
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- China
| | - Xianzhu Xu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Thermophysics
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology
- School of Energy Science and Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
| | - Kaifeng Lin
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- China
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Wang H, Wu H, Shen Z. Nonreciprocal optical properties of thermal radiation with SiC grating magneto-optical materials. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:19609-19618. [PMID: 29041154 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.019609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the nonreciprocal optical phenomenon of SiC gratings on substrate in infrared band, in which the Lorentz-Drude equations of dielectric constant tensor are proposed to describe the nonreciprocal optical properties as magnetic field applied on the magneto-optical materials, under variable intensity and wavelength. Moreover, the properly designed geometrical factors are proposed, and the good nonreciprocal absorption properties of SiC in thermal radiation wavelength band are presented. The dependence of the absorptivity as a function of different structure parameters, such as thickness of different layers, filling ratios, is studied in details. Furthermore, the electric field intensity is also presented for understanding light coupling, propagation. Numerical evidence shows that the nonreciprocal absorption performance is sensitive to the incidence angle, as well as the magnetic field strength. The relative study is useful to the thermal radiative design in photovoltaic and optical instrument.
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