Efficient hydrodesulfurization catalysts derived from Strandberg P Mo Ni polyoxometalates

Insights into organic-inorganic hybrid molecular materials: organoimido functionalized polyoxomolybdates

Polyoxometalates (POMs) are polyatomic anions that comprise transition metal group 5 (V, Nb, Ta) or group 6 (Mo, W) oxyanions connected together by shared oxygen atoms. POMs are fascinating because of their exclusive and remarkable characteristics. One of the most interesting features of POMs is their capability to function as an electron relay by performing stepwise multi-electron redox reactions while maintaining their structural integrity. Functionalization of POMs with amino organic compounds results in organoimido derivatives of polyoxometalates, which have aroused interest due to augmentation of their properties. Comprehensive study has shown that the synthesis methodologies to obtain desired organoimido derivatives of POMs by employing various imido-releasing reagents have progressed drastically in recent decades, particularly the innovative DCC-dehydrating technique. These organoimido functionalized POMs have been used as major building blocks to develop unique nanostructured organic-inorganic hybrid molecular materials. Many conventional organic synthesis processes such as Pd-catalyzed carbon-carbon coupling and esterification reactions have been performed with organoimido functionalized POMs where the presence of POM triggered the reaction process. Thus, investigation of the reactivity of organoimido derivatives of POMs foreshadows the intriguing future of POMs chemistry.

Constructing superior Co-Mo HDS catalyst from a crystalline precursor separated from the impregnating solution

In this paper, a Co tetra-capped Keggin crystalline Co4Mo12 was separated from the impregnating solution through the self-assembly strategy. The crystalline Co4Mo12 was structurally characterized and used as a molecular...

A blend hydrogel based on polyoxometalate for long-term and repeatedly localized antibacterial application study

Herein, a polyoxometalate (POM)-based blend hydrogel system was in situ constructed by incorporating cetyltrimethylammoniumbromide (CTAB)-encapsulated POM cationic micelles to bare hydrogel matrixes followed by copolymerization of multivalent crosslinking groups. It was demonstrated that the fabricated blend hydrogel possessed tunable physicochemical properties, good swelling behavior (maximum swelling rate of 229% in buffer solution of pH 8.0), excellent local action and sustained release of POM component (release ratio achieved nearly 100% at the time of 120 min). Antibacterial activity study revealed that the introduction of POM greatly improved the bioavailability of itself, namely, leading to a more effective enhancement of therapeutic effects (survival ratio of both strains less than 5%). Besides, bactericidal rates (ca. 51%) were achieved even after six runs repeated, thereby verifying the biological application potential of this material. Finally, the practical application potentials were investigated and future prospects in relevant research areas were forecasted.

Structural Screening and Design of Dendritic Micro-Mesoporous Composites for Efficient Hydrodesulfurization of Dibenzothiophene and 4,6-Dimethyldibenzothiophene

Novel dendritic micro-mesoporous TS-1/dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticle (DMSN) composites (TD) were assembled by TS-1 nanocrystals with ultrasmall particle size and strong acidity. TS-1 seeds and DMSNs were composited via the Ti-O-Si chemical bond, which stimulate the generation of Brønsted (B) and Lewis (L) acids. The spillover d-electrons produced by the Ti element of TS-1 seeds produced a spillover of d-electrons, which could interact with the surface of MoS₂ phases, thereby reducing Mo-S interactions and create sulfur vacancies that are favorable for dibenzothiophene (DBT) and 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT) hydrodesulfurization (HDS) reactions. The increased amount of B&L acid of NiMo/TD-2.0 with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide/sodium salicylate molar ratio of 2.0 played an important role in facilitating the hydrogenation (HYD) route of DBT HDS and the isomerization (ISO) route of 4,6-DMDBT HDS, which is more favorable for the reduction of steric hindrance of DBT and 4,6-DMDBT reactants in the HDS reaction process. The NiMo/TD-2.0 catalyst exhibited the highest turnover frequency (TOF) value and HDS reaction rate constant (k_HDS) of DBT and 4,6-DMDBT due to its ultrasmall particle size, uniform spherical dendritic morphology, strong B&L acidity, and good stacking degree.

Epitaxial synthesis of Ni-MoS2/Ti3C2T x MXene heterostructures for hydrodesulfurization

Hierarchical structures of 2D layered Ti₃C₂T_x MXene hold potential for a range of applications. In this study, catalysts comprising few-layered MoS₂ with Ti₃C₂T_x have been formulated for hydrodesulfurization (HDS). The support Ti₃C₂T_x was derived from MAX phases (Ti₃AlC₂) via a liquid-phase exfoliation process, while MoS₂ was obtained from synthesized aqueous ammonium tetrathiomolybdate (ATM). Furthermore, a series of catalysts with different architectures was synthesized by confinement of ATM and/or the promoter Ni in Ti₃C₂T_x at different mole ratios, through a thermal conversion process. The synthesized MoS₂/Ti₃C₂T_x and Ni–MoS₂/Ti₃C₂T_x catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) measurements. The number of MoS₂ layers formed on the Ti₃C₂T_x support was calculated using Raman spectroscopy. The heterostructured few-layered MoS₂/Ti₃C₂T_x catalysts were applied in sulfur removal efficiency experiments involving thiophene. The active MoS₂ sites confined by the Ti₃C₂T_x enhanced hydrogen activation by proton saturation, and the electron charge stabilized the sulfur atom to facilitate hydrogenation reactions, leading to predominant formation of C₄ hydrocarbons. The Ni–MoS₂/Ti₃C₂T_x showed the best activity at a promoter molar ratio of 0.3 when compared to the other catalysts. In particular, it is evident from the results that ATM and Ti₃C₂T_x are potential materials for the in situ fabrication of hierarchical few-layered MoS₂/Ti₃C₂T_x catalysts for enhancing hydrodesulfurization activity in clean fuel production.

A facile and efficient method is adopted to intercalate promoter and few-layered MoS₂ in Ti₃C₂T_x MXene for high hydrodesulfurization activity via an in situ thermal conversion process.

Ultradeep hydrodesulfurization of fuel over superior NiMoS phases constructed by a novel Ni(MoS4)2(C13H30N)2 precursor

Ni(MoS₄)₂(C₁₃H₃₀N)₂ was synthesized and adopted for preparing a NiMoS/γ-Al₂O₃ hydrodesulfurization catalyst, and the as-prepared catalyst exhibits superior 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene hydrodesulfurization activity.

Effective inhibitory activity against MCF-7, A549 and HepG2 cancer cells by a phosphomolybdate based hybrid solid

A novel P₂Mo₅ cluster based hybrid solid [{4,4′-H₂bpy}{4,4′-Hbpy}₂{H₂P₂Mo₅O₂₃}]·5H₂O with effective anti-proliferation activity against MCF-7, HepG2 and A549 cancer cells comparable with a routinely used chemotherapeutic agent, methotrexate (MTX).

Effect of reduction temperature on the structure and hydrodesulfurization performance of Na doped Ni2P/MCM-41 catalysts

The removal of sulfur compounds from petroleum is increasingly important because of the environmental pollution caused by sulfur compounds.

Synthesis of Mesoporous γ-Al₂O₃ with Spongy Structure: In-Situ Conversion of Metal-Organic Frameworks and Improved Performance as Catalyst Support in Hydrodesulfurization

Over the past decades, extensive efforts have been devoted to modulating the textural properties, morphology and microstructure of γ-Al₂O₃, since the physiochemical properties of γ-Al₂O₃ have close correlations with the performance of hydrotreating catalysts. In this work, a spongy mesoporous γ-alumina (γ-Al₂O₃) was synthesized using Al-based metal-organic frameworks (Al-MOFs) as precursor by two-step pyrolysis, and this Al-MOF-derived γ-Al₂O₃ was used as hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalyst support, to explore the effect of support on the HDS performance. Compared with industrial γ-Al₂O₃, the spongy alumina displayed well-developed porosity with relatively high surface area, large pore volume, and abundant weak Lewis acid sites. Based on catalyst characterization and performance evaluation, sulfurized molybdenum and cobalt molecules were able to incorporate and highly disperse into channels of the spongy mesoporous alumina, increasing the dispersion of active catalytic species. The spongy γ-Al₂O₃ was also able to enhance the diffusion efficiency and mass transfer of reactant molecules due to its improved texture properties. Therefore, the corresponding catalyst presented higher activities toward HDS of dibenzothiophene (DBT) than that from industrial alumina. The spongy mesoporous γ-alumina synthesized by Al-MOFs provides a new alternative to further develop novel γ-alumina materials with different texture and various nanoporous structures, considering the diversity of MOFs with different compositions, topological structures, and morphology.

A new approach to construct a hydrodesulfurization catalyst from a crystalline precursor: ligand-induced self-assembly, sulfidation and hydrodesulfurization

This paper proposes a new approach for investigating the mechanism of the formation of the active phase of a hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalyst via crystalline polyoxometalate (POM) precursors.

Three new Strandberg-type phenylphosphomolybdate supports for immobilizing horseradish peroxidase and their catalytic oxidation performances

Three new Strandberg-type polyoxometalate TM-(PhP)2Mo5 supports for immobilizing HRP showed high adsorption capacity and good catalytic oxidation activity.