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Eltayeb S, Carroll LL, Dippel L, Mostaghimi M, Riedel W, Moskaleva LV, Risse T. Selective Oxidation of Methanol to Methyl Formate on Gold: The Role of Low-Coordinated Sites Revealed by Isothermal Pulsed Molecular Beam Experiments and AIMD Simulations. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2024; 128:14978-14988. [PMID: 39291271 PMCID: PMC11403654 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.4c03959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
To elucidate the role of low-coordinated sites in the partial methanol oxidation to methyl formate (MeFo), the isothermal reactivity of flat Au(111) and stepped Au(332) in pulsed molecular beam experiments was compared for a broad range of reaction conditions. Low-coordinated step sites were found to enhance MeFo selectivity, especially at low coverage conditions, as found at higher temperatures. The analysis of the transient kinetics provides evidence for the essential role of Au x O y phases for MeFo formation and the complex interplay of different oxygen species for the observed selectivity. Ab initio molecular dynamic simulations yielded microscopic insights in the formation of Au x O y phases on flat and stepped gold surfaces emphasizing the role of low-coordinated sites in their formation. Moreover, associated surface restructuring provides atomic-scale insights which align with the experimentally observed transient kinetics in MeFo formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Eltayeb
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lenard L Carroll
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
- Institute of Fundamental Physics, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lukas Dippel
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mersad Mostaghimi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Wiebke Riedel
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lyudmila V Moskaleva
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Thomas Risse
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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2
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Eltayeb S, Carroll LL, Dippel L, Mostaghimi M, Riedel W, Moskaleva LV, Risse T. Partial Oxidation of Methanol on Gold: How Selectivity Is Steered by Low-Coordinated Sites. ACS Catal 2024; 14:7901-7906. [PMID: 38779185 PMCID: PMC11106737 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c04578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Partial methanol oxidation proceeds with high selectivity to methyl formate (MeFo) on nanoporous gold (npAu) catalysts. As low-coordinated sites on npAu were suggested to affect the selectivity, we experimentally investigated their role in the isothermal selectivity for flat Au(111) and stepped Au(332) model surfaces using a molecular beam approach under well-defined conditions. Direct comparison shows that steps enhance desired MeFo formation and lower undesired overoxidation. DFT calculations reveal differences in oxygen distribution that enhance the barriers to overoxidation at steps. Thus, these results provide an atomic-level understanding of factors controlling the complex reaction network on gold catalysts, such as npAu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Eltayeb
- Institut
für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität
Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lenard L. Carroll
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Lukas Dippel
- Institut
für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität
Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mersad Mostaghimi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), P.O.
Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Wiebke Riedel
- Institut
für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität
Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lyudmila V. Moskaleva
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Thomas Risse
- Institut
für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität
Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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3
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Wittstock G, Bäumer M, Dononelli W, Klüner T, Lührs L, Mahr C, Moskaleva LV, Oezaslan M, Risse T, Rosenauer A, Staubitz A, Weissmüller J, Wittstock A. Nanoporous Gold: From Structure Evolution to Functional Properties in Catalysis and Electrochemistry. Chem Rev 2023; 123:6716-6792. [PMID: 37133401 PMCID: PMC10214458 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanoporous gold (NPG) is characterized by a bicontinuous network of nanometer-sized metallic struts and interconnected pores formed spontaneously by oxidative dissolution of the less noble element from gold alloys. The resulting material exhibits decent catalytic activity for low-temperature, aerobic total as well as partial oxidation reactions, the oxidative coupling of methanol to methyl formate being the prototypical example. This review not only provides a critical discussion of ways to tune the morphology and composition of this material and its implication for catalysis and electrocatalysis, but will also exemplarily review the current mechanistic understanding of the partial oxidation of methanol using information from quantum chemical studies, model studies on single-crystal surfaces, gas phase catalysis, aerobic liquid phase oxidation, and electrocatalysis. In this respect, a particular focus will be on mechanistic aspects not well understood, yet. Apart from the mechanistic aspects of catalysis, best practice examples with respect to material preparation and characterization will be discussed. These can improve the reproducibility of the materials property such as the catalytic activity and selectivity as well as the scope of reactions being identified as the main challenges for a broader application of NPG in target-oriented organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunther Wittstock
- Carl
von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, School of Mathematics and Science, Institute of Chemistry, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Bäumer
- University
of Bremen, Institute for Applied
and Physical Chemistry, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- University
of Bremen, MAPEX Center for
Materials and Processes, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Wilke Dononelli
- University
of Bremen, MAPEX Center for
Materials and Processes, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- University
of Bremen, Bremen Center for
Computational Materials Science, Hybrid Materials Interfaces Group, Am Fallturm 1, Bremen 28359, Germany
| | - Thorsten Klüner
- Carl
von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, School of Mathematics and Science, Institute of Chemistry, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Lührs
- Hamburg
University of Technology, Institute of Materials
Physics and Technology, 21703 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Mahr
- University
of Bremen, MAPEX Center for
Materials and Processes, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- University
of Bremen, Institute of Solid
State Physics, Otto Hahn
Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Lyudmila V. Moskaleva
- University
of the Free State, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Mehtap Oezaslan
- Technical
University of Braunschweig Institute of Technical Chemistry, Technical Electrocatalysis Laboratory, Franz-Liszt-Strasse 35a, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Thomas Risse
- Freie
Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Arnimallee
22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Rosenauer
- University
of Bremen, MAPEX Center for
Materials and Processes, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- University
of Bremen, Institute of Solid
State Physics, Otto Hahn
Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Anne Staubitz
- University
of Bremen, MAPEX Center for
Materials and Processes, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- University
of Bremen, Institute for Organic
and Analytical Chemistry, Leobener Strasse 7, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Jörg Weissmüller
- Hamburg
University of Technology, Institute of Materials
Physics and Technology, 21703 Hamburg, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Hereon, Institute of Materials Mechanics, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Arne Wittstock
- University
of Bremen, MAPEX Center for
Materials and Processes, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- University
of Bremen, Institute for Organic
and Analytical Chemistry, Leobener Strasse 7, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
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4
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Lee JD, Miller JB, Shneidman AV, Sun L, Weaver JF, Aizenberg J, Biener J, Boscoboinik JA, Foucher AC, Frenkel AI, van der Hoeven JES, Kozinsky B, Marcella N, Montemore MM, Ngan HT, O'Connor CR, Owen CJ, Stacchiola DJ, Stach EA, Madix RJ, Sautet P, Friend CM. Dilute Alloys Based on Au, Ag, or Cu for Efficient Catalysis: From Synthesis to Active Sites. Chem Rev 2022; 122:8758-8808. [PMID: 35254051 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of new catalyst materials for energy-efficient chemical synthesis is critical as over 80% of industrial processes rely on catalysts, with many of the most energy-intensive processes specifically using heterogeneous catalysis. Catalytic performance is a complex interplay of phenomena involving temperature, pressure, gas composition, surface composition, and structure over multiple length and time scales. In response to this complexity, the integrated approach to heterogeneous dilute alloy catalysis reviewed here brings together materials synthesis, mechanistic surface chemistry, reaction kinetics, in situ and operando characterization, and theoretical calculations in a coordinated effort to develop design principles to predict and improve catalytic selectivity. Dilute alloy catalysts─in which isolated atoms or small ensembles of the minority metal on the host metal lead to enhanced reactivity while retaining selectivity─are particularly promising as selective catalysts. Several dilute alloy materials using Au, Ag, and Cu as the majority host element, including more recently introduced support-free nanoporous metals and oxide-supported nanoparticle "raspberry colloid templated (RCT)" materials, are reviewed for selective oxidation and hydrogenation reactions. Progress in understanding how such dilute alloy catalysts can be used to enhance selectivity of key synthetic reactions is reviewed, including quantitative scaling from model studies to catalytic conditions. The dynamic evolution of catalyst structure and composition studied in surface science and catalytic conditions and their relationship to catalytic function are also discussed, followed by advanced characterization and theoretical modeling that have been developed to determine the distribution of minority metal atoms at or near the surface. The integrated approach demonstrates the success of bridging the divide between fundamental knowledge and design of catalytic processes in complex catalytic systems, which can accelerate the development of new and efficient catalytic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer D Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Jeffrey B Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Anna V Shneidman
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Lixin Sun
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Jason F Weaver
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Joanna Aizenberg
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.,John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Juergen Biener
- Nanoscale Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - J Anibal Boscoboinik
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Alexandre C Foucher
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Anatoly I Frenkel
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States.,Division of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Jessi E S van der Hoeven
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.,John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Boris Kozinsky
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Nicholas Marcella
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Matthew M Montemore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Hio Tong Ngan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Christopher R O'Connor
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Cameron J Owen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.,John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Dario J Stacchiola
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Eric A Stach
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Robert J Madix
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Philippe Sautet
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Cynthia M Friend
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.,John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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5
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Feldt CD, Kirschbaum T, Low JL, Riedel W, Risse T. Methanol oxidation on Au(332): methyl formate selectivity and surface deactivation under isothermal conditions. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy02034j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Surface deactivation for partial methanol oxidation to methyl formate on Au(332) under oxygen-deficient conditions at low temperatures suggests a small number of highly active sites for methyl formate formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph D. Feldt
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thorren Kirschbaum
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jian Liang Low
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wiebke Riedel
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Risse
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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6
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Feldt CD, Gimm T, Moreira R, Riedel W, Risse T. Methanol oxidation on Au(332): an isothermal pulsed molecular beam study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:21599-21605. [PMID: 34558565 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03436g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Isothermal molecular beam experiments on the methanol oxidation over the stepped Au(332) surface were conducted under well-defined ultra-high vacuum conditions. In the measurements, a continuous flux of methanol at excess in the gas phase and pulses of atomic oxygen were provided to the surface kept at 230 K. The formation of the partial oxidation product methyl formate under the applied conditions was evidenced by time-resolved mass spectrometry, and accumulation of formate species, which resulted in a deactivation of the surface for methyl formate formation, was followed by in situ Infrared Reflection Absorption Spectroscopy measurements. The results suggest a different reactivity of oxygen accumulated during the oxygen pulses and atomic oxygen for the competing reaction pathways in the oxidation of methanol to the desired partial and the unwanted overoxidation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph D Feldt
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Thorren Gimm
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany. .,Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Raphaell Moreira
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Wiebke Riedel
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Thomas Risse
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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7
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Behravesh E, Melander MM, Wärnå J, Salmi T, Honkala K, Murzin DY. Oxidative dehydrogenation of ethanol on gold: Combination of kinetic experiments and computation approach to unravel the reaction mechanism. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2020.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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8
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Liu H, Wu Z, Wang R, Dong M, Wang G, Qin Z, Ma J, Huang Y, Wang J, Fan W. Structural and electronic feature evolution of Au-Pd bimetallic catalysts supported on graphene and SiO2 in H2 and O2. J Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2019.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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9
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Demirci C, Marras S, Prato M, Pasquale L, Manna L, Colombo M. Design of catalytically active porous gold structures from a bottom-up method: The role of metal traces in CO oxidation and oxidative coupling of methanol. J Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2019.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Dononelli W, Tomaschun G, Klüner T, Moskaleva LV. Understanding Oxygen Activation on Nanoporous Gold. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b00682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wilke Dononelli
- Institute of Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Gabriele Tomaschun
- Institute of Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Klüner
- Institute of Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Lyudmila V. Moskaleva
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
- Institute of Applied and Physical Chemistry and Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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11
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Tomaschun G, Klüner T. Methanol oxidation on the Pt(321) surface: a theoretical approach on the role of surface morphology and surface coverage effects. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:18227-18239. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03291f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigated methanol oxidation, decomposition and carbonylation reactions on a high indexed Pt(321) surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Tomaschun
- Department of Chemistry
- Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg
- 26129 Oldenburg
- Germany
| | - Thorsten Klüner
- Department of Chemistry
- Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg
- 26129 Oldenburg
- Germany
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