1
|
Zhou T, Zuo J, Xie H, Zhao X, Zhao MX, Zhang J. Highly active chromium-based selective ethylene tri-/tetramerization catalysts supported by alkenylphosphanyl PNP ligands. Dalton Trans 2024. [PMID: 39105496 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01521e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
A series of novel diphosphinoamine (PNP) ligands bearing a P-alkenyl group were synthesized and applied in chromium-catalyzed selective ethylene tri-/tetramerization by in situ combination of Cr(acac)3 and modified methylalumoxane (MMAO-3A). The ligand substitution and oligomerization conditions have a remarkable influence on the catalytic activity and controllable selectivity. Most of these PNP ligands are highly active for ethylene tri-/tetramerization with considerable selectivity. An asymmetric diisopropenylphosphanyl ligand with an N-cyclohexyl group achieved the highest activity of 2036 kg (g Cr h-1)-1 with a high total selectivity of 81.1 wt% toward valuable 1-hexene (43.0 wt%) and 1-octene (38.1 wt%) at 40 bar ethylene and 60 °C. An asymmetric mixed isopropenyl/ethylphosphanyl ligand with an N-isopropyl group exhibited a high 1-octene selectivity of 65.5 wt% and a high total 1-hexene/1-octene selectivity (91.5 wt%) with a high activity of 1256 kg (g Cr h-1)-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Jing Zuo
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Haojie Xie
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Xing Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Mei-Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Meng X, Ding Z, Gao H, Ma Z, Pan L, Wang B, Li Y. Chromium Catalysts for Selective Ethylene Oligomerization Featuring Binuclear PNP Ligands. Molecules 2024; 29:2158. [PMID: 38731648 PMCID: PMC11085890 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
A series of novel binuclear PNP ligands based on the cyclohexyldiamine scaffold were synthesized for this study. The experimental results showed that positioning the two PNP sites at the para-positions of the cyclohexyl framework led to a significant enhancement in the catalytic activity for selective tri/tetramerization of ethylene. The PNP/Cr(acac)3/MAO(methylaluminoxane) catalytic system exhibited relatively high catalytic activity (up to 3887.7 kg·g-1·h-1) in selective ethylene oligomerization with a total selectivity of 84.5% for 1-hexene and 1-octene at 40 °C and 50 bar. The relationship between the ligand structure and ethylene oligomerization performance was further explored using density functional theory calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Bin Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao X, Wang J, Liu D, Kong W, Zhang J. Chromium Ethylene Tri-/Tetramerization Catalysts Supported by Iminophosphine Ligands. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:34549-34556. [PMID: 37780000 PMCID: PMC10536060 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
A new class of highly active ethylene tri-/tetramerization chromium catalysts supported by iminophosphine ligands has been studied. The impact of electronic and steric changes of these ligands on selectivity and activity has been investigated by varying P- and/or N-substituents. Upon activation with MMAO, the ligand bearing a P-cyclohexyl group displayed a high activity of 307 kg/(g Cr/h) with a high trimerization selectivity of 92.6%. Decreasing the steric hindrance of N-aryl group led to a decrease in 1-hexene selectivity (74.5%), producing more 1-octene (10.3%). X-ray diffraction analysis verifies that the ligands coordinate with the chromium center in a κ2-P,N mode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced
Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry &
Molecular Engineering, East China University
of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jihe Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced
Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry &
Molecular Engineering, East China University
of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Dongchang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced
Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry &
Molecular Engineering, East China University
of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Weihuan Kong
- Key Laboratory for Advanced
Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry &
Molecular Engineering, East China University
of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced
Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry &
Molecular Engineering, East China University
of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu R, Liu Y, Yang W, Li X, Feng L. Chromium-Based Complexes Bearing Aminophosphine and Phosphine-Imine-Pyrryl Ligands for Selective Ethylene Tri/Tetramerization. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:18290-18298. [PMID: 37251183 PMCID: PMC10210187 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A series of Cr-based complexes 6-10 bearing aminophosphine (P,N) ligands Ph2P-L-NH2 [L = CH2CH2 (1), L = CH2CH2CH2 (2), and L = C6H4CH2 (3)] and phosphine-imine-pyrryl (P,N,N) ligands 2-(Ph2P-L-N=CH)C4H3NH [L = CH2CH2CH2 (4) and L = C6H4CH2 (5)] were prepared, and their catalytic properties were examined for ethylene tri/tetramerization. X-ray crystallographic analysis of complex 8 indicated the κ2-P,N bidentate coordination mode at the Cr(III) center and the distorted octahedral geometry of monomeric P,N-CrCl3. Upon activation by methylaluminoxane (MAO), complexes 7-8 bearing P,N (PC3N backbone) ligands 2-3 showed good catalytic reactivity for ethylene tri/tetramerization. On the other hand, complex 6 bearing the P,N (PC2N backbone) ligand 1 was found active for non-selective ethylene oligomerization, while complexes 9-10 bearing P,N,N ligands 4-5 only produced polymerization products. In particular, the high catalytic activity of 458.2 kg/(g·Cr·h), excellent selectivity of 90.9% (1-hexene and 1-octene combined), and extremely low PE content of 0.1% were obtained with complex 7 in toluene at 45 °C and 45 bar. These results suggest that rational control of P,N and P,N,N ligand backbones, including a carbon spacer and rigidity of a carbon bridge, can lead to the high-performance catalyst for the ethylene tri/tetramerization process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological
Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Satellite
Chemical Co., Ltd., Jiaxing 314000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yongqin Liu
- Jiaxing
Fangyuan Certification & Testing Co., Ltd., Jiaxing 314033, P. R. China
| | - Weidong Yang
- Satellite
Chemical Co., Ltd., Jiaxing 314000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Satellite
Chemical Co., Ltd., Jiaxing 314000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Lianfang Feng
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological
Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Computer-assisted design of asymmetric PNP ligands for ethylene tri-/tetramerization: A combined DFT and artificial neural network approach. J Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2023.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
6
|
Zhao X, Ma X, Kong W, Zhang J. Switchable ethylene tri-/tetramerization with high catalytic performance: Subtle effect presented by P-alkyl substituent of PCCP ligands. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
7
|
Kuchkaev AM, Kuchkaev AM, Khayarov KR, Zueva EM, Dobrynin AB, Islamov DR, Yakhvarov DG. PNP Ligands in Cobalt‐Mediated Activation and Functionalization of White Phosphorus. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210973. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Airat M. Kuchkaev
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS Arbuzov Street 8 Kazan 420088 Russian Federation
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry Kazan Federal University Kremlyovskaya Street 18 Kazan 420008 Russian Federation
| | - Aidar M. Kuchkaev
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS Arbuzov Street 8 Kazan 420088 Russian Federation
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry Kazan Federal University Kremlyovskaya Street 18 Kazan 420008 Russian Federation
| | - Khasan R. Khayarov
- Institute of Physics Kazan Federal University Kremlyovskaya Street 18 Kazan 420008 Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina M. Zueva
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS Arbuzov Street 8 Kazan 420088 Russian Federation
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry Kazan National Research Technological University Karl Marx Street 68 Kazan 420015 Russian Federation
| | - Alexey B. Dobrynin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS Arbuzov Street 8 Kazan 420088 Russian Federation
| | - Daut R. Islamov
- Laboratory for Structural Studies of Biomacromolecules FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS Lobachevskogo Street 2/31 Kazan 420111 Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry G. Yakhvarov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS Arbuzov Street 8 Kazan 420088 Russian Federation
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry Kazan Federal University Kremlyovskaya Street 18 Kazan 420008 Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu R, Yang W, Li X, Feng L. Chromium-Based Complexes Bearing N-Substituted Diphosphinoamine Ligands for Ethylene Oligomerization. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:35933-35941. [PMID: 36249395 PMCID: PMC9558249 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A range of novel N-substituted diphosphinoamine (PNP) ligands Ph2PN(R)PPh2 [R = F2CHCH2 (1); R = Me2CHCH2 (2); R = Me2CHCH2CH2 (3)] have been synthesized via one-step salt elimination reaction. The ligand-coordinated chromium carbonyls [Ph2PN(R)PPh2]Cr(CO)4 (4-6) were further synthesized, and X-ray crystallography analysis of complex 6 revealed the κ2-P,P bidentate binding mode of Cr center and the molecular structure of PNP ligand 3. Then the catalytic ethylene oligomerization behaviors of PNP ligands 1-3 bridging chromium chloride complexes {[Ph2PN(R)PPh2]CrCl2(μ-Cl)}2 (7-9) were further discussed in depth. Experimental results showed that complex 7 with the strong electron-withdrawing F2CHCH2 group can promote the nonselective ethylene oligomerization, while both complex 8 and complex 9 with the electron-donating Me2CHCH2 and Me2CHCH2CH2 groups can significantly enhance the selective ethylene tri/tetramerization. The good catalytic activity of 198.3 kg/(g Cr·h), the selectivity toward 1-hexene and 1-octene of 76.4%, and the low PE content of 0.2% were simultaneously achieved with the Al/Cr molar ratio of 600 using the complex 8/MMAO system at 45 °C and 45 bar. These excellent results were mainly attributed to the fact that the β-branching of bridging ligand 2 increased the steric bulk of the N-moiety for complex 8.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological
Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- Satellite
Chemical Co., Ltd, Jiaxing 314000, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Yang
- Satellite
Chemical Co., Ltd, Jiaxing 314000, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Satellite
Chemical Co., Ltd, Jiaxing 314000, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Lianfang Feng
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological
Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
The Backbone of Success of P,N-Hybrid Ligands: Some Recent Developments. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196293. [PMID: 36234830 PMCID: PMC9614609 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Organophosphorus ligands are an invaluable family of compounds that continue to underpin important roles in disciplines such as coordination chemistry and catalysis. Their success can routinely be traced back to facile tuneability thus enabling a high degree of control over, for example, electronic and steric properties. Diphosphines, phosphorus compounds bearing two separated PIII donor atoms, are also highly valued and impart their own unique features, for example excellent chelating properties upon metal complexation. In many classical ligands of this type, the backbone connectivity has been based on all carbon spacers only but there is growing interest in embedding other donor atoms such as additional nitrogen (–NH–, –NR–) sites. This review will collate some important examples of ligands in this field, illustrate their role as ligands in coordination chemistry and highlight some of their reactivities and applications. It will be shown that incorporation of a nitrogen-based group can impart unusual reactivities and important catalytic applications.
Collapse
|
10
|
Ma J, Fan H, Hao B, Jiang Y, Wang L, Wang X, Zhang J, Jiang T. Asymmetric carbon-bridged diphosphine based chromium complexes for selective ethylene tri-/tetramerization with high thermal stability. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
11
|
Fan H, Alam F, Hao B, Ma J, Zhang J, Ma Z, Jiang T. Rationalizing the catalytic performance of Cr(III) complexes stabilized with alkylphosphanyl PNP ligands for selective ethylene tri-/tetramerization: a DFT study. Theor Chem Acc 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-022-02887-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
12
|
Lo Q, Pye D, Gesslbauer S, Sim Y, García F, White AJP, Britovsek GJP. Single- and double-bridged PNP ligands in chromium-catalysed ethylene oligomerisation. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00550f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chromium catalysts with diazaphospholane ligands have shown good activities and selectivities for ethylene tri- and tetramerisation. Oligomerisations with a doubly N-bridged cyclodiphosphazane result in a Schulz–Flory distribution of α-olefins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quintin Lo
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Dominic Pye
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Sami Gesslbauer
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Ying Sim
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, NTU, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Felipe García
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, NTU, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Claveria 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Andrew J. P. White
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - George J. P. Britovsek
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| |
Collapse
|