Iron-catalyzed hydroaminocarbonylation of alkynes to produce succinimides with NH4HCO3

Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylation for General Synthesis of Aurones Using CO2

The carbonylation of alkynes using CO₂ to generate aurones is to date unknown. In this study, a palladium-catalyzed carbonylation of terminal aromatic alkynes and the waste hydrosilane, poly(methylhydrosiloxane) (PMHS), is carried out with 2-iodophenol using CO₂ to produce aurones. A variety of terminal alkynes and substituted 2-iodophenols are transformed into aurones in good yields. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that silyl formate, generated from CO₂ and PMHS, plays a crucial role in the carbonylation reaction.

Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Carbonylative Multifunctionalization of Alkynes

Currently, the construction of new carbon-carbon bonds and value-added structures in an atom- and step economical manner has become a continuous pursuit in the synthetic chemistry community. Since the first transition-metal-catalyzed hydroformylation of ethylene was reported by Otto Roelen in the 1930s, impressive progress has been achieved in the carbonylative functionalization of unsaturated C-C bonds. In contrast to alkenes, the carbonylative functionalization of alkynes offers tremendous potential for the construction of multisubstituted carbonyl-containing derivatives because of their two independently addressable π-systems. This review provides a timely and necessary investigation of transition-metal-catalyzed carbonylative mutifunctionalization of alkynes with the exclusion of carbonylative hydrofunctionalizations. Different transition metals including palladium, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium, iron, copper, etc. were applied to the development of novel carbonylative transformation. Various C-C, C-N, C-O, C-S, C-B, C-Si, and carbon-halogen bonds were formed efficiently and give the corresponding tri- or tetrasubstituted α,β-unsaturated ketones, diesters, and heterocycles.