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Ademhan Tural D, Emiralioglu N, Ozsezen B, Saribas Z, Ozcan N, Alp A, Sunman B, Hizal M, Eryilmaz Polat S, Yalcin E, Dogru D, Ozcelik U, Kiper N. The frequency and related factors of non-tuberculosis mycobacteria infections among patients with cystic fibrosis. Pediatr Int 2021; 63:1369-1375. [PMID: 33682254 DOI: 10.1111/ped.14688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) can cause chronic lung infection particularly in patients who have structural lung disease such as cystic fibrosis (CF). We evaluated the incidence and management of NTM infections in patients with CF in our center. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was carried out on CF patients having at least one positive NTM isolate between 2012 and 2020. RESULTS Ten patients (2.1%) had at least one positive NTM culture from respiratory samples. All of them were vaccinated with Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, which is in the national vaccination program in our country. Eight patients had the Mycobacterium abscessus complex, one had Mycobacterium avium, and one had Mycobacterium szulgai growth in their respiratory samples. Three patients had transient NTM infection, two had persistent, and five had active NTM infection (NTM pulmonary disease). Patients with NTM pulmonary disease received antibiogram-directed antimycobacterial therapy. In patients with NTM pulmonary disease, the median ppFEV1 and BMI decreased by 17% and 1%, respectively, at the time of the first NTM isolation when compared with the values one year before the first NTM isolation. Culture conversion was not seen in any patient infected with Mycobacteriunm abscessus complex. CONCLUSIONS The NTM infection incidence is lower in our country than in those countries where the BCG vaccine is not routinely applied. The BCG vaccine may be a protective factor for NTM infection. Further studies are needed about the prevalence of NTM infections, facilitating and protective factors, and appropriate management of NTM infections in patients with CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilber Ademhan Tural
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nagehan Emiralioglu
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Beste Ozsezen
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Saribas
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nursun Ozcan
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alpaslan Alp
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Birce Sunman
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mina Hizal
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sanem Eryilmaz Polat
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ebru Yalcin
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Dogru
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ugur Ozcelik
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nural Kiper
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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