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Hayes S, Rheinberger N, Powley M, Rawnsley T, Brown L, Brown M, Butler K, Clarke A, Crichton S, Henderson M, McCosker H, Musgrave A, Wilcock J, Williams D, Yeaman K, Zaracostas TS, Taylor AC, Wallace G. Variation and Likeness in Ambient Artistic Portraiture. Perception 2018; 47:585-607. [PMID: 29701505 DOI: 10.1177/0301006618770347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An artist-led exploration of portrait accuracy and likeness involved 12 Artists producing 12 portraits referencing a life-size 3D print of the same Sitter. The works were assessed during a public exhibition, and the resulting likeness assessments were compared to portrait accuracy as measured using geometric morphometrics (statistical shape analysis). Our results are that, independently of the assessors' prior familiarity with the Sitter's face, the likeness judgements tended to be higher for less morphologically accurate portraits. The two highest rated were the portrait that most exaggerated the Sitter's distinctive features, and a portrait that was a more accurate (but not the most accurate) depiction. In keeping with research showing photograph likeness assessments involve recognition, we found familiar assessors rated the two highest ranked portraits even higher than those with some or no familiarity. In contrast, those lacking prior familiarity with the Sitter's face showed greater favour for the portrait with the highest morphological accuracy, and therefore most likely engaged in face-matching with the exhibited 3D print. Furthermore, our research indicates that abstraction in portraiture may not enhance likeness, and we found that when our 12 highly diverse portraits were statistically averaged, this resulted in a portrait that is more morphologically accurate than any of the individual artworks comprising the average.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Hayes
- Centre for Archaeological Science, University of Wollongong Australia; Red Point Artists Association, Port Kembla, Australia
| | - Nick Rheinberger
- Australian Broadcasting Commission, ABC Radio Illawarra, Australia
| | - Meagan Powley
- Red Point Artists Association, Port Kembla, Australia
| | | | - Linda Brown
- Red Point Artists Association, Port Kembla, Australia
| | - Malcolm Brown
- Red Point Artists Association, Port Kembla, Australia
| | - Karen Butler
- Red Point Artists Association, Port Kembla, Australia
| | - Ann Clarke
- Red Point Artists Association, Port Kembla, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Ann Musgrave
- Red Point Artists Association, Port Kembla, Australia
| | - Joyce Wilcock
- Red Point Artists Association, Port Kembla, Australia
| | | | - Karin Yeaman
- Red Point Artists Association, Port Kembla, Australia
| | | | - Adam C Taylor
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, 90119 University of Wollongong Australia
| | - Gordon Wallace
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, 90119 University of Wollongong Australia
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Guyomarc'h P, Dutailly B, Charton J, Santos F, Desbarats P, Coqueugniot H. Anthropological facial approximation in three dimensions (AFA3D): computer-assisted estimation of the facial morphology using geometric morphometrics. J Forensic Sci 2014; 59:1502-16. [PMID: 25088006 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.12547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Revised: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study presents Anthropological Facial Approximation in Three Dimensions (AFA3D), a new computerized method for estimating face shape based on computed tomography (CT) scans of 500 French individuals. Facial soft tissue depths are estimated based on age, sex, corpulence, and craniometrics, and projected using reference planes to obtain the global facial appearance. Position and shape of the eyes, nose, mouth, and ears are inferred from cranial landmarks through geometric morphometrics. The 100 estimated cutaneous landmarks are then used to warp a generic face to the target facial approximation. A validation by re-sampling on a subsample demonstrated an average accuracy of c. 4 mm for the overall face. The resulting approximation is an objective probable facial shape, but is also synthetic (i.e., without texture), and therefore needs to be enhanced artistically prior to its use in forensic cases. AFA3D, integrated in the TIVMI software, is available freely for further testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Guyomarc'h
- Université Bordeaux 1, UMR 5199 PACEA, CNRS, MCC, Anthropologie des Populations Passées et Présentes, F-33615, Pessac, France; Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command, Central Identification Laboratory, 310 Worchester Ave, Bldg 45, USA-96853, Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam, HI
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