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Florea AD, Pop LC, Benea HRC, Tomoaia G, Racz CP, Mocanu A, Dobrota CT, Balint R, Soritau O, Tomoaia-Cotisel M. Remineralization Induced by Biomimetic Hydroxyapatite Toothpastes on Human Enamel. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:450. [PMID: 37887581 PMCID: PMC10604461 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8060450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to compare the effect of four new toothpastes (P1-P4) based on pure and biomimetic substituted nano-hydroxyapatites (HAPs) on remineralization of human enamel. Artificially demineralized enamel slices were daily treated for ten days with different toothpastes according to the experimental design. Tooth enamel surfaces were investigated using atomic force microscope (AFM) images and surface roughness (Ra) determined before and after treatment. The surface roughness of enamel slices was statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni's multiple comparison test. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) data revealed the HAP structure with crystal sizes between 28 and 33 nm and crystallinity between 29 and 37%. The average size of HAP particles was found to be between 30 and 40 nm. The Ra values indicated that P3 (HAP-Mg-Zn-Sr-Si) toothpaste was the most effective after 10 days of treatment, leading to the lowest mean roughness. The P3 and P2 (HAP) toothpastes were found to be effective in promoting remineralization. Specifically, their effectiveness can be ranked as follows: P3 = P2 > P4 (HAP-Mg-Zn-Si) > P1 (HAP-Zn), considering both the chemical composition and the size of their constitutive nanoparticles. The proposed toothpastes might be used successfully to treat early tooth decay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra-Diana Florea
- Research Center of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Str., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-D.F.); (L.C.P.); (C.-P.R.); (A.M.); (C.-T.D.); (R.B.)
| | - Lucian Cristian Pop
- Research Center of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Str., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-D.F.); (L.C.P.); (C.-P.R.); (A.M.); (C.-T.D.); (R.B.)
| | - Horea-Rares-Ciprian Benea
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 47 Gen. Traian Mosoiu Str., 400132 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (H.-R.-C.B.); (G.T.)
| | - Gheorghe Tomoaia
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 47 Gen. Traian Mosoiu Str., 400132 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (H.-R.-C.B.); (G.T.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov Str., 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Csaba-Pal Racz
- Research Center of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Str., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-D.F.); (L.C.P.); (C.-P.R.); (A.M.); (C.-T.D.); (R.B.)
| | - Aurora Mocanu
- Research Center of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Str., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-D.F.); (L.C.P.); (C.-P.R.); (A.M.); (C.-T.D.); (R.B.)
| | - Cristina-Teodora Dobrota
- Research Center of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Str., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-D.F.); (L.C.P.); (C.-P.R.); (A.M.); (C.-T.D.); (R.B.)
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, 44 Republicii Str., 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Reka Balint
- Research Center of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Str., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-D.F.); (L.C.P.); (C.-P.R.); (A.M.); (C.-T.D.); (R.B.)
| | - Olga Soritau
- Oncology Institute of Cluj-Napoca, 34-36 Republicii Str., 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Maria Tomoaia-Cotisel
- Research Center of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Str., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-D.F.); (L.C.P.); (C.-P.R.); (A.M.); (C.-T.D.); (R.B.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov Str., 050044 Bucharest, Romania
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Oxilia G, Bortolini E, Martini S, Papini A, Boggioni M, Buti L, Figus C, Sorrentino R, Townsend G, Kaidonis J, Fiorenza L, Cristiani E, Kullmer O, Moggi‐Cecchi J, Benazzi S. The physiological linkage between molar inclination and dental macrowear pattern. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2018; 166:941-951. [PMID: 29633246 PMCID: PMC6120545 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Exact symmetry and perfect balance between opposite jaw halves, as well as between antagonistic teeth, is not frequently observed in natural masticatory systems. Research results show that asymmetry in our body, skull, and jaws is often related to genetic, epigenetic, environmental and individual ontogenetic factors. Our study aims to provide evidence for a significant link between masticatory asymmetry and occlusal contact between antagonist teeth by testing the hypothesis that tooth inclination is one of the mechanisms driving distribution of wear in masticatory phases in addition to dietary and cultural habits. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present work investigates the relationship between dental macrowear patterns and tooth inclinations on a sample of complete maxillary and mandibular 3D models of dental arches from 19 young and adult Yuendumu Aboriginal individuals. The analysis was carried out on first molars (M1) from all quadrants. Occlusal Fingerprint Analysis was used for the quantification of macrowear patterns, and 2D cross-sectional geometric analysis was carried out to investigate asymmetry in dental arches. RESULTS The asymmetry is highly variable on both arches, and it is associated with differences in the inclination of upper M1 crowns. Each molar has variable inclination (buccal/lingual) which influence tooth to tooth contact, producing greater or lesser variation in wear pattern. Interindividual variability of morphological variation of the occlusal relationship has to be considered in macrowear analysis. DISCUSSION Our results suggest that overall asymmetry in the masticatory apparatus in modern humans affects occlusal contact areas between antagonist teeth influencing macrowear and chewing efficiency during ontogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregorio Oxilia
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial SciencesSapienza University, Via Caserta 6Roma 00161Italy
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Florence, Via del Proconsolo, 12Firenze 50122Italy
- Department of Cultural HeritageUniversity of Bologna, Via degli Ariani 1Ravenna 48121Italy
| | - Eugenio Bortolini
- Department of Cultural HeritageUniversity of Bologna, Via degli Ariani 1Ravenna 48121Italy
| | - Sergio Martini
- Dental Lab Technician, via Milani, 1ParonaVerona 37124Italy
| | - Andrea Papini
- Dentist's Surgery, via Walter Tobagi 35Prato 59100Italy
| | - Marco Boggioni
- Dentist's Surgery, via D'Andrade 34/207Genova Sestri Ponente 16154Italy
| | - Laura Buti
- Department of Cultural HeritageUniversity of Bologna, Via degli Ariani 1Ravenna 48121Italy
| | - Carla Figus
- Department of Cultural HeritageUniversity of Bologna, Via degli Ariani 1Ravenna 48121Italy
| | - Rita Sorrentino
- Department of Cultural HeritageUniversity of Bologna, Via degli Ariani 1Ravenna 48121Italy
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences—BiGeAUniversity of Bologna, Via Selmi 3Bologna 40126Italy
| | - Grant Townsend
- Adelaide Dental SchoolThe University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia
| | - John Kaidonis
- Adelaide Dental SchoolThe University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia
| | - Luca Fiorenza
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental BiologyMonash UniversityMelbourneVIC 3800Australia
- Earth SciencesUniversity of New EnglandArmidaleNSW 2351Australia
| | - Emanuela Cristiani
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial SciencesSapienza University, Via Caserta 6Roma 00161Italy
| | - Ottmar Kullmer
- Senckenberg Research Institute, Senckenberganlage 25Frankfurt am Main 60325Germany
- Department of Paleobiology and EnvironmentInstitute of Ecology, Evolution, and Diversity, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Max‐von‐Laue‐Str. 13Frankfurt 60438Germany
| | - Jacopo Moggi‐Cecchi
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Florence, Via del Proconsolo, 12Firenze 50122Italy
| | - Stefano Benazzi
- Department of Cultural HeritageUniversity of Bologna, Via degli Ariani 1Ravenna 48121Italy
- Department of Human EvolutionMax Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6Leipzig 04103Germany
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Oxilia G, Fiorillo F, Boschin F, Boaretto E, Apicella SA, Matteucci C, Panetta D, Pistocchi R, Guerrini F, Margherita C, Andretta M, Sorrentino R, Boschian G, Arrighi S, Dori I, Mancuso G, Crezzini J, Riga A, Serrangeli MC, Vazzana A, Salvadori PA, Vandini M, Tozzi C, Moroni A, Feeney RNM, Willman JC, Moggi-Cecchi J, Benazzi S. The dawn of dentistry in the late upper Paleolithic: An early case of pathological intervention at Riparo Fredian. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2017; 163:446-461. [PMID: 28345756 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Early evidence for the treatment of dental pathology is found primarily among food-producing societies associated with high levels of oral pathology. However, some Late Pleistocene hunter-gatherers show extensive oral pathology, suggesting that experimentation with therapeutic dental interventions may have greater antiquity. Here, we report the second earliest probable evidence for dentistry in a Late Upper Paleolithic hunter-gatherer recovered from Riparo Fredian (Tuscany, Italy). MATERIALS AND METHODS The Fredian 5 human consists of an associated maxillary anterior dentition with antemortem exposure of both upper first incisor (I1 ) pulp chambers. The pulp chambers present probable antemortem modifications that warrant in-depth analyses and direct dating. Scanning electron microscopy, microCT and residue analyses were used to investigate the purported modifications of external and internal surfaces of each I1 . RESULTS The direct date places Fredian 5 between 13,000 and 12,740 calendar years ago. Both pulp chambers were circumferentially enlarged prior to the death of this individual. Occlusal dentine flaking on the margin of the cavities and striations on their internal aspects suggest anthropic manipulation. Residue analyses revealed a conglomerate of bitumen, vegetal fibers, and probable hairs adherent to the internal walls of the cavities. DISCUSSION The results are consistent with tool-assisted manipulation to remove necrotic or infected pulp in vivo and the subsequent use of a composite, organic filling. Fredian 5 confirms the practice of dentistry-specifically, a pathology-induced intervention-among Late Pleistocene hunter-gatherers. As such, it appears that fundamental perceptions of biomedical knowledge and practice were in place long before the socioeconomic changes associated with the transition to food production in the Neolithic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregorio Oxilia
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via del Proconsolo, 12, Firenze, 50122, Italy.,Department of Cultural Heritage, Laboratory of Anthropology, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani 1, Ravenna, 48121, Italy
| | - Flavia Fiorillo
- Department of Cultural Heritage, Conservation Science Laboratory for Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani 1, Ravenna, 48121, Italy
| | - Francesco Boschin
- Study Centre for the Quaternary Period (CeSQ), Via Nuova dell'Ammazzatoio 7, Sansepolcro, Arezzo, I-52037, Italy.,Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, Research Unit in Prehistory and Anthropology, Via Laterina 8, Siena, 53100, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Boaretto
- Max Planck-Weizmann Center for Integrative Archaeology and Anthropology, D-REAMS Radiocarbon Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Salvatore A Apicella
- Department of Cultural Heritage, Conservation Science Laboratory for Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani 1, Ravenna, 48121, Italy
| | - Chiara Matteucci
- Department of Cultural Heritage, Conservation Science Laboratory for Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani 1, Ravenna, 48121, Italy
| | - Daniele Panetta
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, IFC-CNR, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Rossella Pistocchi
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Sant'Alberto 163, Ravenna, 48123, Italy
| | - Franca Guerrini
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Sant'Alberto 163, Ravenna, 48123, Italy
| | - Cristiana Margherita
- Department of Cultural Heritage, Laboratory of Anthropology, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani 1, Ravenna, 48121, Italy
| | - Massimo Andretta
- School of Science, University of Bologna, Via dell'Agricoltura 5, Ravenna, 48123, Italy
| | - Rita Sorrentino
- Department of Cultural Heritage, Laboratory of Anthropology, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani 1, Ravenna, 48121, Italy.,Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences - BiGeA University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Giovanni Boschian
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, via Derna 1, Pisa, 56125, Italy
| | - Simona Arrighi
- Study Centre for the Quaternary Period (CeSQ), Via Nuova dell'Ammazzatoio 7, Sansepolcro, Arezzo, I-52037, Italy.,Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, Research Unit in Prehistory and Anthropology, Via Laterina 8, Siena, 53100, Italy
| | - Irene Dori
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via del Proconsolo, 12, Firenze, 50122, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mancuso
- Department of Cultural Heritage, Laboratory of Anthropology, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani 1, Ravenna, 48121, Italy
| | - Jacopo Crezzini
- Study Centre for the Quaternary Period (CeSQ), Via Nuova dell'Ammazzatoio 7, Sansepolcro, Arezzo, I-52037, Italy.,Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, Research Unit in Prehistory and Anthropology, Via Laterina 8, Siena, 53100, Italy
| | - Alessandro Riga
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via del Proconsolo, 12, Firenze, 50122, Italy
| | - Maria C Serrangeli
- Department of Cultural Heritage, Laboratory of Anthropology, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani 1, Ravenna, 48121, Italy
| | - Antonino Vazzana
- Department of Cultural Heritage, Laboratory of Anthropology, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani 1, Ravenna, 48121, Italy
| | - Piero A Salvadori
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, IFC-CNR, Via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Mariangela Vandini
- Department of Cultural Heritage, Conservation Science Laboratory for Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani 1, Ravenna, 48121, Italy
| | - Carlo Tozzi
- Department of Civilisations and Forms of Knowledge, University of Pisa, Via Pasquale Paoli, 15, Pisa, 56126, Italy
| | - Adriana Moroni
- Study Centre for the Quaternary Period (CeSQ), Via Nuova dell'Ammazzatoio 7, Sansepolcro, Arezzo, I-52037, Italy.,Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, Research Unit in Prehistory and Anthropology, Via Laterina 8, Siena, 53100, Italy
| | - Robin N M Feeney
- UCD School of Medicine, Health Science Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - John C Willman
- Department of Anthropology, Campus Box 1114, Washington University, Saint Louis, Missouri, 63130
| | - Jacopo Moggi-Cecchi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via del Proconsolo, 12, Firenze, 50122, Italy
| | - Stefano Benazzi
- Department of Cultural Heritage, Laboratory of Anthropology, University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani 1, Ravenna, 48121, Italy.,Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
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