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Sun Z, Sun Y, Shen J, Wang C, Wei Y. Simultaneous enrichment and sequential elution of cis-diol containing molecules and deoxyribonucleotides with bifunctional boronate and titanium (Ⅳ) ion modified-magnetic nanoparticles prior to quantitation by high performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1709:464386. [PMID: 37722178 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Some diseases can cause abnormal concentrations of catecholamines (CAs), nucleosides (NSs) and nucleotides (NTs) in patients. Previous studies normally focused on the detection of the three types of substances separately. In this work, a bifunctional boronate and titanium (Ⅳ) ion affinity magnetic adsorbent with high-capacity was prepared. The adsorbent can simultaneously enrich CAs, NSs and NTs in a single extraction process, and the adsorbed analytes can be sequentially eluted by 1.0% trifluoroacetic acid and 20.0 mmol L-1 Na3PO4. An analytical method of the analytes has been established by coupling the adsorbent with RP-HPLC. The method has low detection limits (0.039-0.708 ng mL-1) and good reproducibility (inter- and intra-day of assay RSDs less than 15.0%). Serum sample from healthy volunteer was successfully quantified for two CAs, four NSs and five NTs. Compared with the reported methods, the proposed method is simpler to operate, consume less samples, and has enough accurate and sensitivity to obtain comprehensive information on the concentrations of analytes in a single extraction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhian Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Jiwei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Chaozhan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Yinmao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China.
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2
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Hayama T, Ohyama K. Recent development and trends in sample extraction and preparation for mass spectrometric analysis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and proteins. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 161:51-60. [PMID: 30145449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This review describes the recent developments in sample extraction and preparation techniques for mass spectrometric analysis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and proteins. Unique materials and techniques have been developed for highly selective extraction of nucleotides and nucleosides by solid-phase extraction strategies using various affinities. However, for proteins, the analysis of small-scale sections of diseased tissues (formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues) and the direct analysis of an exact lesion on the surface of diseased tissues (liquid extraction surface analysis) have become important advances in this field. In this review, we focus on the latest developments of these techniques and strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Hayama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Johnan, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Kaname Ohyama
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1 Sakamoto-machi, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan.
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3
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Zhang G, Walker AD, Lin Z, Han X, Blatnik M, Steenwyk RC, Groeber EA. Strategies for quantitation of endogenous adenine nucleotides in human plasma using novel ion-pair hydrophilic interaction chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1325:129-36. [PMID: 24377733 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We present here a novel and highly sensitive ion-pair hydrophilic interaction chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (IP-HILIC-MS/MS) method for quantitation of highly polar acid metabolites like adenine nucleotides. A mobile phase based on diethylamine (DEA) and hexafluoro-2-isopropanol (HFIP) and an aminopropyl (NH2) column were applied for a novel chromatographic separation for the determination of AMP, ADP and ATP in biological matrices. This novel IP-HILIC mechanism could be hypothesized by the ion-pairing reagent (DEA) in the mobile phase forming neutral and hydrophilic complexes with the analytes of polar organic acids. The IP-HILIC-MS/MS assay for adenine nucleotides was successfully validated with satisfactory linearity, sensitivity, accuracy, reproducibility and matrix effects. The lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) at 2.00ng/mL obtained for ATP showed a least 10-fold higher sensitivity than previous LC-MS/MS assays except nano-LC-MS/MS assay. In summary, this novel IP-HILIC-MS/MS assay provides a sensitive method for nucleotides bioanalysis and shows great potential to determine a number of organic acids in biological matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Zhang
- Biomarker Research, Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA.
| | - Annie D Walker
- Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Endocrine Diseases Research Unit, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Zhaosheng Lin
- Biomarker Research, Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Xiaogang Han
- Biomarker Research, Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Matthew Blatnik
- Biomarker Research, Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Rick C Steenwyk
- Biomarker Research, Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Groeber
- Biomarker Research, Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
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Jansen RS, Rosing H, Schellens JHM, Beijnen JH. Mass spectrometry in the quantitative analysis of therapeutic intracellular nucleotide analogs. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2011; 30:321-343. [PMID: 20623700 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2009] [Accepted: 09/29/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Nucleoside analogs are widely used in anti-cancer, anti-(retro)viral, and immunosuppressive therapy. Nucleosides are prodrugs that require intracellular activation to mono-, di-, and finally triphosphates. Monitoring of these intracellular nucleotides is important to understand their pharmacology. The relatively involatile salts and ion-pairing agents traditionally used for the separation of these ionic analytes limit the applicability of mass spectrometry (MS) for detection. Both indirect and direct methods have been developed to circumvent this apparent incompatibility. Indirect methods consist of de-phosphorylation of the nucleotides into nucleosides before the actual analysis. Various direct approaches have been developed, ranging from the use of relatively volatile or very low levels of regular ion-pairing agents, hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC), weak anion-exchange, or porous graphitic carbon columns to capillary electrophoresis and matrix-assisted light desorption--time of flight (MALDI-TOF) MS. In this review we present an overview of the publications describing the quantitative analysis of therapeutic intracellular nucleotide analogs using MS. The focus is on the different approaches for their direct analysis. We conclude that despite the technical hurdles, several useful MS-compatible chromatographic approaches have been developed, enabling the use of the excellent selectivity and sensitivity of MS for the quantitative analysis of intracellular nucleotides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Jansen
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Slotervaart Hospital/The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Louwesweg 6, 1066 EC Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Cohen S, Jordheim LP, Megherbi M, Dumontet C, Guitton J. Liquid chromatographic methods for the determination of endogenous nucleotides and nucleotide analogs used in cancer therapy: a review. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2010; 878:1912-28. [PMID: 20558114 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2009] [Revised: 05/10/2010] [Accepted: 05/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Endogenous ribonucleotides and deoxyribonucleotides play a crucial role in cell function. The determination of their levels is of fundamental interest in numerous applications such as energy metabolism, biochemical processes, or in understanding the mechanism of nucleoside analog compounds. Nucleoside analogs are widely used in anticancer therapy. Their mechanisms of action are related to their structural similarity with natural nucleotides. Numerous assays have been described for the determination of endogenous nucleotides or anticancer nucleotide analogs in different matrices such as cellular cultures, tissue or peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The determination of these compounds is challenging due to the large difference of concentrations between ribonucleotides and deoxyribonucleotides, the presence of numerous endogenous interferences in complex matrices and the high polarity of the molecules due to the phosphate moiety. The extraction was generally performed at low temperature and was based on protein precipitation using acid or solvent mixture. This first phase could be coupled with extraction or cleaning step of the supernatant. Liquid chromatography coupled with UV detection and based on ion-exchange chromatography using non-volatile high salt concentrations was largely described for the quantification of nucleotides. However, the development of LC-MS and LC-MS/MS during the last ten years has constituted a sensitive and specific tool. In this case, analytical column was mostly constituted by graphite or C18 stationary phase. Mobile phase was usually based on a mixture of ammonium buffer and acetonitrile and in several assays included a volatile ion-pairing agent. Mass spectrometry detection was performed either with positive or negative electrospray mode according to compounds and mobile phase components. The purpose of the current review is to provide an overview of the most recent chromatographic assays (over the past ten years) developed for the determination of endogenous nucleotides and nucleotide analogs used in cancer therapy. We focused on sample preparation, chromatographic separation and quantitative considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Cohen
- Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Laboratoire de biochimie-toxicologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, F-69495, Pierre Bénite, France
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Sano A, Nakamura H. Evaluation of titanium and titanium oxides as chemo-affinity sorbents for the selective enrichment of organic phosphates. ANAL SCI 2008; 23:1285-9. [PMID: 17998746 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.23.1285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Titanium (Ti) and TiO, Ti2O3, Ti3O5 and TiO(1.98) as well as TiO2 have been evaluated as chemo-affinity sorbents for the selective enrichment of organic phosphates. A column-switching high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system, constructed with a precolumn (4.6 mm i.d. x 10 mm) packed with the titanium sorbents, an anion-exchange analytical column and a UV detector (215 nm) was used. When an aqueous 0.015% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) was used as a sample-loading solution, O-phospho-L-tyrosine (P-Tyr), phenyl phosphate and phenylphosphonic acid were adsorbed onto all of the titanium sorbents with recoveries of 60.9 - 102.9%. Some acidic compounds other than phosphates, such as benzenedicarboxylic acid (BDA) isomers, were also adsorbed onto all of the titanium sorbents. To improve the selectivity to organic phosphates, various sample-loading solutions were examined using a Ti precolumn, two phosphorylated peptides [Ile-Ser(p)-Val-Arg (PP1) and Gln-Ile-Ser(p)-Val-Arg (PP2)], P-Tyr, BDA isomers and diglutamic acid (Glu-Glu) as test compounds. Among the sample-loading solutions tested, such as TFA, HClO4, organic acids, boric acid and NaCl, the use of 100 mM NaCl in 10 mM boric acid was found to be effective. The recoveries of PP1, PP2 and P-Tyr were 73.0, 88.3 and 71.5%, respectively, whereas those of Glu-Glu and BDAs were suppressed to only below 10%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Sano
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazuki, Noda, Chiba, Japan
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Song J, Liu H, Han P, Zhao C, Wu Y, Zhang S. Development of a NACE method for simultaneous measurement of three adenosine monophosphate isomers in biomimicking prebiotic synthesis without sample pretreatment. Electrophoresis 2007; 27:4480-6. [PMID: 17058304 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200600164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A practical NACE method was developed for simultaneous determination of three adenosine monophosphate (AMP) isomers. Separation of three AMP isomers was achieved using 200 mM Tris/H(3)BO(3) in acetontrile/water (2:1 v/v) at pH* 10.0 as the running buffer and +25 kV as the applied voltage over a bare fused-silica capillary of 50 microm id x 375 microm od x 54.5 cm (46 cm to the detector window). At 260 nm, the calibration curves were linear in the range of 1-100 microg/mL. The detection limits were less than 0.70 microg/mL. The recovery ranged from 94.5 to 106.4%. The intraday RSDs of the migration times were between 2.1 and 3.0%. The developed NACE method has been successfully applied for the determination of three AMP isomers in the real samples of biomimicking prebiotic synthesis reaction between N-(O,O-diisopropyl) phosphoryl amino acid and adenosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanmei Song
- Chemistry Department, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
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Hunzinger C, Schrattenholz A, Poznanović S, Schwall GP, Stegmann W. Comparison of different separation technologies for proteome analyses: Isoform resolution as a prerequisite for the definition of protein biomarkers on the level of posttranslational modifications. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1123:170-81. [PMID: 16822517 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2005] [Revised: 05/10/2006] [Accepted: 06/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this article we evaluate methods used to reveal the molecular complexity, which is generated in biological samples by posttranslational modifications (PTM) of proteins. We show how distinct molecular differences on the level of phosphorylation sites in a single protein (ovalbumin) can be resolved with different success using 1D and 2D gel-electrophoresis and reversed-phase liquid chromatography (LC) with monolithic polystyrol-divinylbenzol (PS-DVB) columns for protein separation, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for protein identification. Phosphorylation site analysis was performed using enzymatic dephosphorylation in combination with differential peptide mass mapping. Liquid chromatography-MALDI-TOF MS coupling with subsequent on-target tryptic protein digestion turned out to be the fastest method tested but yielded low resolution for the analysis of PTM, whereas 2D gel-electrophoresis, due to its unique capability of resolving highly complex isoform pattern, turned out to be the most suitable method for this purpose. The evaluated methods complement one another and in connection with efficient technologies for differential and quantitative analysis, these approaches have the potential to reveal novel molecular details of protein biomarkers.
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Simultaneous measurement of trace monoadenosine and diadenosine monophosphate in biomimicking prebiotic synthesis using high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry characterization. Anal Chim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Tuytten R, Lemière F, Witters E, Van Dongen W, Slegers H, Newton RP, Van Onckelen H, Esmans EL. Stainless steel electrospray probe: a dead end for phosphorylated organic compounds? J Chromatogr A 2005; 1104:209-21. [PMID: 16378618 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2005] [Revised: 11/30/2005] [Accepted: 12/01/2005] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A study of the interaction of phosphorylated organic compounds with the stainless components of a liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry system (LC-ESI-MS) was carried out to disclose a (forgotten?) likely pitfall in the LC-ESI-MS analysis of phosphorylated compounds. The retention behaviour of some representative compounds of different important classes of phosphorylated biomolecules such as nucleotides, oligonucleotides, phosphopeptides, phospholipids and phosphorylated sugars was investigated during their passage through the injector and the stainless steel electrospray capillary. It became clear that the stainless steel components within the LC-ESI-MS setup were able to retain and trap phosphorylated compounds when these compounds were introduced under acidic conditions (0.1% acetic acid). Their release from these stainless steel parts was accomplished by applying an extreme basic mobile phase (25-50% ammonium hydroxide, ca. pH 12). From the data collected one could conclude that the availability of a primary phosphate group appeared imperative but was not always sufficient to realise adsorption on a stainless surface. Furthermore, the number of phosphate moieties seemed to enhance the adsorption properties of the molecules and hence roughly correlated with the analyte fraction lost. Corrosion of the inner surface caused by the mobile phase and the electrospray process was found to be an important factor in the course of these adsorption phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Tuytten
- Department of Chemistry, Nucleoside Research and Mass Spectrometry Unit, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
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