1
|
A novel approach for the bioanalysis of short-lived aldehydes. Bioanalysis 2022; 14:1317-1326. [PMID: 36541259 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2022-0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The instability of aldehydes in biological matrices is associated with their reactions with thiol and amino moieties in proteins. This chemical reaction is reversible by nature and highly pH dependent. Method: A novel approach that includes protein precipitation with an acidic solution of acetonitrile/water/formic acid (85/14/1; v/v/v) was developed to efficiently recover Aldehyde-1 from plasma by shifting the equilibrium toward the formation of the free form. Results: This enabled the support of two GLP studies where Aldehyde-1 was administered to mice. The recovery of Aldehyde-1 from plasma exceeded 88% at three concentration levels. Plasma stability was confirmed at ambient conditions for 24 h and in the freezer for at least 43 (-20°C) and 64 (-70°C) days.
Collapse
|
2
|
Dong X, Tang J, Chen X. Sensitive determination of malondialdehyde in rat prostate by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3990. [PMID: 32132642 PMCID: PMC7055245 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61074-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An excellent pre-column fluorescent derivatization reagent N-acetylhydrazine acridone for the quantitative determination of malondialdehyde was synthesized. Malondialdehyde was derivatized at 80 °C for 30 min in the presence of trichloroacetic acid. The separation of the derivative was performed on an Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18 column in conjunction with gradient elution. The excitation and emission wavelengths were 370 nm and 420 nm, respectively. The developed method demonstrated good linear relationship in the range of 0.02 pmol to 2.5 pmol (r = 0.9998). The calculated limit of detection and limit of quantification were 2.5 fmol and 8.3 fmol, respectively. The analytical precisions of the method were in the range of 1.36-2.27% (intra-day) and 2.36-3.92% (inter-day) respectively. The method was sensitive, specific and simple. It was successfully implemented to analysis the malondialdehyde in rat prostate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Jiayuan Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Xiangming Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhou X, Zhang Z, Liu X, Wu D, Ding Y, Li G, Wu Y. Typical reactive carbonyl compounds in food products: Formation, influence on food quality, and detection methods. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:503-529. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuxia Zhou
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Zhiwen Zhang
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Di Wu
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University Zhejiang China
| | - Yuting Ding
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Guoliang Li
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringShaanxi University of Science and Technology Xian China
| | - Yongning Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical ScienceChina National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment Beijing China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bioanalytical and Mass Spectrometric Methods for Aldehyde Profiling in Biological Fluids. TOXICS 2019; 7:toxics7020032. [PMID: 31167424 PMCID: PMC6630274 DOI: 10.3390/toxics7020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human exposure to aldehydes is implicated in multiple diseases including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders (i.e., Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases), and cancer. Because these compounds are strong electrophiles, they can react with nucleophilic sites in DNA and proteins to form reversible and irreversible modifications. These modifications, if not eliminated or repaired, can lead to alteration in cellular homeostasis, cell death and ultimately contribute to disease pathogenesis. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge of the methods and applications of aldehyde exposure measurements, with a particular focus on bioanalytical and mass spectrometric techniques, including recent advances in mass spectrometry (MS)-based profiling methods for identifying potential biomarkers of aldehyde exposure. We discuss the various derivatization reagents used to capture small polar aldehydes and methods to quantify these compounds in biological matrices. In addition, we present emerging mass spectrometry-based methods, which use high-resolution accurate mass (HR/AM) analysis for characterizing carbonyl compounds and their potential applications in molecular epidemiology studies. With the availability of diverse bioanalytical methods presented here including simple and rapid techniques allowing remote monitoring of aldehydes, real-time imaging of aldehydic load in cells, advances in MS instrumentation, high performance chromatographic separation, and improved bioinformatics tools, the data acquired enable increased sensitivity for identifying specific aldehydes and new biomarkers of aldehyde exposure. Finally, the combination of these techniques with exciting new methods for single cell analysis provides the potential for detection and profiling of aldehydes at a cellular level, opening up the opportunity to minutely dissect their roles and biological consequences in cellular metabolism and diseases pathogenesis.
Collapse
|
5
|
Lipoxidation in cardiovascular diseases. Redox Biol 2019; 23:101119. [PMID: 30833142 PMCID: PMC6859589 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids can go through lipid peroxidation, an endogenous chain reaction that consists in the oxidative degradation of lipids leading to the generation of a wide variety of highly reactive carbonyl species (RCS), such as short-chain carbonyl derivatives and oxidized truncated phospholipids. RCS exert a wide range of biological effects due to their ability to interact and covalently bind to nucleophilic groups on other macromolecules, such as nucleic acids, phospholipids, and proteins, forming reversible and/or irreversible modifications and generating the so-called advanced lipoxidation end-products (ALEs). Lipoxidation plays a relevant role in the onset of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), mainly in the atherosclerosis-based diseases in which oxidized lipids and their adducts have been extensively characterized and associated with several processes responsible for the onset and development of atherosclerosis, such as endothelial dysfunction and inflammation. Herein we will review the current knowledge on the sources of lipids that undergo oxidation in the context of cardiovascular diseases, both from the bloodstream and tissues, and the methods for detection, characterization, and quantitation of their oxidative products and protein adducts. Moreover, lipoxidation and ALEs have been associated with many oxidative-based diseases, including CVD, not only as potential biomarkers but also as therapeutic targets. Indeed, several therapeutic strategies, acting at different levels of the ALEs cascade, have been proposed, essentially blocking ALEs formation, but also their catabolism or the resulting biological responses they induce. However, a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of formation and targets of ALEs could expand the available therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
|
6
|
Vanova N, Muckova L, Schmidt M, Herman D, Dlabkova A, Pejchal J, Jun D. Simultaneous determination of malondialdehyde and 3-nitrotyrosine in cultured human hepatoma cells by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2018; 32:e4349. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nela Vanova
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences; University of Defence; Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
| | - Lubica Muckova
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences; University of Defence; Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
| | - Monika Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; University of Hradec Kralove; Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
| | - David Herman
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences; University of Defence; Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
| | - Alzbeta Dlabkova
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences; University of Defence; Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Pejchal
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences; University of Defence; Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Jun
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences; University of Defence; Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fratta Pasini AM, Stranieri C, Rigoni AM, De Marchi S, Peserico D, Mozzini C, Cominacini L, Garbin U. Physical Exercise Reduces Cytotoxicity and Up-Regulates Nrf2 and UPR Expression in Circulating Cells of Peripheral Artery Disease Patients: An Hypoxic Adaptation? J Atheroscler Thromb 2018. [PMID: 29540636 PMCID: PMC6143780 DOI: 10.5551/jat.42432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) that damage cells and favour cytotoxicity and apoptosis in peripheral artery disease (PAD) patients. Since brief episodes of I-R (ischemic conditioning) protect cells against ischemic harms, we evaluated whether a short-course of supervised treadmill training, characterized by repeated episodes of I-R, makes peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from PAD patients with intermittent claudication more resistant to I-R injuries by reducing oxidative stress and by inducing an adaptative response of unfolded protein response (UPR) and nuclear factor-E2-related factor (Nrf2) pathway expression. Methods: 24 PAD patients underwent 21 sessions of treadmill training and a treadmill test as indicator of acute response to I-R. Results: Maximal and pain free walking distance improved (p < 0.01), whereas LDH leakage and apoptosis of PBMCs decreased (p < 0.01); plasma malondialdehyde and ROS generation in PBMCs declined, while plasma glutathione augmented (p < 0.01). Moreover we demonstrated an up-regulation of UPR and Nrf2 expression in PBMCs (p < 0.01). To understand whether treadmill training may act as a trigger of ischemic conditioning, we examined the effect of repeated episodes of I-R on adaptative response in PBMCs derived from the patients. We showed an up-regulation of UPR and Nrf2 gene expression (p < 0.01), while oxidative stress and cytotoxicity, after an initial increase, declined (p < 0.01). This positive effect on cytotoxicity was reduced after inhibition of UPR and Nrf2 pathways. Conclusions: Treadmill training in PAD patients through UPR and Nrf2 up-regulation may trigger hypoxic adaptation similar to conditioning, thus modifying cell survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Fratta Pasini
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine and Atherothrombotic and Degenerative Diseases, University of Verona
| | - Chiara Stranieri
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine and Atherothrombotic and Degenerative Diseases, University of Verona
| | | | - Sergio De Marchi
- Department of Medicine, Section of Angiology, University of Verona
| | - Denise Peserico
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine and Atherothrombotic and Degenerative Diseases, University of Verona
| | - Chiara Mozzini
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine and Atherothrombotic and Degenerative Diseases, University of Verona
| | - Luciano Cominacini
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine and Atherothrombotic and Degenerative Diseases, University of Verona
| | - Ulisse Garbin
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine and Atherothrombotic and Degenerative Diseases, University of Verona
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Selectivity/Specificity Improvement Strategies in Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Analysis. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17112689. [PMID: 29160798 PMCID: PMC5713634 DOI: 10.3390/s17112689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful technique for the discrimination, identification, and potential quantification of certain compounds/organisms. However, its real application is challenging due to the multiple interference from the complicated detection matrix. Therefore, selective/specific detection is crucial for the real application of SERS technique. We summarize in this review five selective/specific detection techniques (chemical reaction, antibody, aptamer, molecularly imprinted polymers and microfluidics), which can be applied for the rapid and reliable selective/specific detection when coupled with SERS technique.
Collapse
|
9
|
Oh JA, Shin HS. Simple and sensitive determination of malondialdehyde in human urine and saliva using UHPLC-MS/MS after derivatization with 3,4-diaminobenzophenone. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:3958-3968. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Aa Oh
- Water Environment Research Department, Water Quality Assessment Research Division; National Institute of Environmental Research, Environmental Research Complex; Seo-gu Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Sang Shin
- Department of Environmental Education; Kongju National University; Kongju Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fratta Pasini AM, Ferrari M, Stranieri C, Vallerio P, Mozzini C, Garbin U, Zambon G, Cominacini L. Nrf2 expression is increased in peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from mild-moderate ex-smoker COPD patients with persistent oxidative stress. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2016; 11:1733-43. [PMID: 27555763 PMCID: PMC4968670 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s102218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inadequacy of antioxidant nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated unfolded protein response has been implicated in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cigarette smoking-induced emphysema. As evidence suggests that the ability to upregulate Nrf2 expression may influence the progression of COPD and no data exist up to now in ex-smokers with mild-moderate COPD, this study was first aimed to evaluate Nrf2 and unfolded protein response expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of mild-moderate ex-smokers with COPD compared to smoking habit-matched non-COPD subjects. Then, we tested whether oxidative stress persists after cigarette smoking cessation and whether the concentrations of oxidized phospholipids (oxidation products of the phospholipid 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine [oxPAPC]) in the PBMC of the same subjects may have a causative role in determining the upregulation of Nrf2. The expression (mRNA and protein) of Nrf2 and of its related gene heme oxygenase-1 was significantly increased in COPD group without differences in the unfolded protein response. Plasma malondialdehyde, the circulating marker of oxidative stress, and oxPAPC in PBMC were significantly higher in COPD than in non-COPD subjects. The fact that the expression of p47phox, a subunit of NADPH oxidase, was increased in PBMC of COPD patients and that it was directly correlated with oxPAPC may indicate that oxPAPC may be one of the determinants of oxidative stress-induced Nrf2 upregulation. Finally, we also demonstrated that lung function inversely correlated with plasma malondialdehyde and with Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 mRNA expression in all subjects. Our results indicate that mild-moderate ex-smokers with COPD may be able to counteract oxidative stress by increasing the expression of Nrf2/antioxidant-response elements. Because Nrf2 failure significantly contributes to the development of COPD, our findings suggest that the possibility to prevent Nrf2 reduction may open a new scenario in helping to prevent the oxidative stress-associated lung function decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcello Ferrari
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Respiratory Diseases, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Ulisse Garbin
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lu J, Zhao W, Liu H, Marquez R, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Li J, Xie W, Venkataramanan R, Xu L, Li S. An improved D-α-tocopherol-based nanocarrier for targeted delivery of doxorubicin with reversal of multidrug resistance. J Control Release 2014; 196:272-86. [PMID: 25456831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Nanocarriers have recently emerged as an attractive platform for the delivery of various types of therapeutics including anticancer agents. Previously, we developed an improved TPGS delivery system (PEG5K-VE2) which demonstrated improved colloidal stability and greater in vivo antitumor activity. Nevertheless, the application of this system is still limited by a relatively low drug loading capacity (DLC). In this study we report that incorporation of a fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc) motif at the interfacial region of PEG5K-VE2 led to significant improvement of the system through the introduction of an additional mechanism of drug/carrier interaction. Doxorubicin (DOX) could be effectively loaded into PEG5K-Fmoc-VE2 micelles at a DLC of 39.9%, which compares favorably to most reported DOX nanoformulations. In addition, PEG5K-Fmoc-VE2/DOX mixed micelles showed more sustained release of DOX in comparison to the counterpart without Fmoc motif. MTT assay showed that PEG5K-Fmoc-VE2/DOX exerted significantly higher levels of cytotoxicity over DOX, Doxil as well as PEG5K-VE2/DOX in PC-3 and 4T1.2 cells. A cytotoxicity assay with NCI/ADR-RES, a drug resistant cell line, suggested that PEG5K-Fmoc-VE2 may have the potential to reverse multidrug resistance, which was supported by its inhibition of P-gp ATPase. Pharmacokinetic (PK) and biodistribution studies showed an increased half-life in blood circulation and more effective tumor accuulation for DOX formulated in PEG5K-Fmoc-VE2 micelles. More importantly, DOX-loaded PEG5K-Fmoc-VE2 micelles showed an excellent safety profile with a MTD (~30 mgDOX/kg) that is about 3 times as much as that for free DOX. Finally, superior antitumor activity was demonstrated by PEG5K-Fmoc-VE2/DOX in both drug-sensitive (4T1.2 and PC-3) and drug-resistant (KB 8-5) tumor models compared to DOX, Doxil, and PEG5K-VE2/DOX.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianqin Lu
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Wenchen Zhao
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Rebecca Marquez
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Yixian Huang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Jiang Li
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Wen Xie
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Raman Venkataramanan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Song Li
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Faizan M, Esatbeyoglu T, Bayram B, Rimbach G. A fast and validated method for the determination of malondialdehyde in fish liver using high-performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector. J Food Sci 2014; 79:C484-8. [PMID: 24621264 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a biomarker of lipid peroxidation and is present in foods and biological samples such as plasma. A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was applied to determine MDA in fish liver samples after derivatization with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) using a ODS2 column (10 cm × 4.6 mm, 3 μm) and a photodiode array detector. The mobile phase consisted of 0.2% acetic acid (v/v) in distilled water and acetonitrile (42:58, v/v). The present method was validated in terms of linearity, lower limit of quantification, lower limit of detection, precision, accuracy, recovery, and stability of MDA according to U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines. The limit of quantification of MDA was 0.39 μmol/L, which is comparable to other methods. The recovery of the spiked MDA liver samples was in the range of 92.4% to 104.2%. This newly modified HPLC method is specific, sensitive, and accurate and allows the analysis of MDA within 4 min in fish liver but also in other tissues and plasma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Faizan
- Inst. of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts-Univ. of Kiel, Hermann-Rodewald St. 6, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yuan L, Lan Y, Han M, Bao J, Tu W, Dai Z. Label-free and facile electrochemical biosensing using carbon nanotubes for malondialdehyde detection. Analyst 2013; 138:3131-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an00041a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
14
|
Recent Advancements in the LC- and GC-Based Analysis of Malondialdehyde (MDA): A Brief Overview. Chromatographia 2012; 75:433-440. [PMID: 22593603 PMCID: PMC3336054 DOI: 10.1007/s10337-012-2237-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Malondialdehyde (MDA) is an end-product of lipid peroxidation and a side product of thromboxane A2 synthesis. Moreover, it is not only a frequently measured biomarker of oxidative stress, but its high reactivity and toxicity underline the fact that this molecule is more than “just” a biomarker. Additionally, MDA was proven to be a mutagenic substance. Having said this, it is evident that there is a major interest in the highly selective and sensitive analysis of this molecule in various matrices. In this review, we will provide a brief overview of the most recent developments and techniques for the liquid chromatography (LC) and gas chromatography (GC)-based analysis of MDA in different matrices. While the 2-thiobarbituric acid assay still is the most prominent methodology for determining MDA, several advanced techniques have evolved, including GC–MS(MS), LC–MS(MS) as well as several derivatization-based strategies.
Collapse
|
15
|
Zinellu A, Sotgia S, Deiana L, Carru C. Field-amplified online sample stacking capillary electrophoresis UV detection for plasma malondialdehyde measurement. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:1893-7. [PMID: 21688277 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2010] [Revised: 02/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Malondialdehyde (MDA) determination is the most widely used method for monitoring lipid peroxidation. Here, we describe an easy field-amplified sample injection (FASI) CE method with UV detection for the detection of free plasma MDA. MDA was detected within 8 min by using 200 mmol/L Tris phosphate pH 5.0 as running buffer. Plasma samples treated with ACN for protein elimination were directly injected on capillary without complex cleanup and/or sample derivatization procedures. Using electrokinetic injection, the detection limit in real sample was 3 nmol/L, thus improving of about 100-fold the LOD of the previous described methods based on CE. Precision tests indicate a good repeatability of our method both for migration times (CV = 1.11%) and for areas (CV = 2.05%). Moreover, a good reproducibility of intra- and inter-assay tests was obtained (CV = 2.55% and CV = 5.14%, respectively). Suitability of the method was tested by measuring MDA levels in 44 healthy volunteers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Zinellu
- Porto Conte Ricerche Srl, Tramariglio, Alghero, Sassari, Italy.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Giera M, Kloos DP, Raaphorst A, Mayboroda OA, Deelder AM, Lingeman H, Niessen WMA. Mild and selective labeling of malondialdehyde with 2-aminoacridone: assessment of urinary malondialdehyde levels. Analyst 2011; 136:2763-9. [PMID: 21611666 DOI: 10.1039/c1an15254h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Malondialdehyde (MDA) has become a well-established biomarker for oxidative stress. The most commonly used way to determine urinary MDA levels is the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) assay, which suffers from several drawbacks. In this manuscript, we describe a novel derivatization strategy for the highly sensitive and selective fluorescence-based determination of MDA in urinary samples. The methodology is based on the mild labeling of MDA with 2-aminoacridone, which can be carried out in aqueous citrate buffer at 40 °C, yielding a highly fluorescent substance. No further sample preparation than mixing with the necessary chemicals is necessary. The formed MDA derivative can conveniently be separated from the label itself and matrix constituents by gradient LC in less than 5 minutes on a cyano-based reversed-phase material. The method was validated with respect to matrix effects, linearity, selectivity and sensitivity (values as low as 1.8 nM for the LOD and 5.8 nM for the LOQ could be achieved). Standard addition quantitation was applied for the determination of MDA in human urine samples. Additionally, the protocol was applied to the measurement of a stability indicating analysis of MDA in urine at different storage conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Giera
- VU University Amsterdam, Faculty of Sciences, BioMolecular Analysis Group, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Delfino RJ, Staimer N, Vaziri ND. Air pollution and circulating biomarkers of oxidative stress. AIR QUALITY, ATMOSPHERE, & HEALTH 2011; 4:37-52. [PMID: 23626660 PMCID: PMC3634798 DOI: 10.1007/s11869-010-0095-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Chemical components of air pollutant exposures that induce oxidative stress and subsequent inflammation may be partly responsible for associations of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality with airborne particulate matter and combustion-related pollutant gasses. However, epidemiologic evidence regarding this is limited. An exposure-assessment approach is to measure the oxidative potential of particle mixtures because it is likely that hundreds of correlated chemicals are involved in overall effects of air pollution on health. Oxidative potential likely depends on particle composition and size distribution, especially ultrafine particle concentration, and on transition metals and certain semivolatile and volatile organic chemicals. For health effects, measuring systemic oxidative stress in the blood is one feasible approach, but there is no universal biomarker of oxidative stress and there are many potential target molecules (lipids, proteins, DNA, nitric oxide, etc.), which may be more or less suitable for specific study goals. Concurrent with the measurement of oxidative stress, it is important to measure gene and/or protein expression of endogenous antioxidant enzymes because they can modify relations between oxidative stress biomarkers and air pollutants. Conversely, the expression and activities of these enzymes are modified by oxidative stress. This interplay will likely determine the observed effects of air pollutants on systemic inflammatory and thrombotic mediators and related clinical outcomes. Studies are needed to assess the reliability and validity of oxidative stress biomarkers, evaluate differences in associations between oxidative stress biomarkers and various pollutant measurements (mass, chemical components, and oxidative potential), and evaluate impacts of antioxidant responses on these relations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ralph J. Delfino
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, 100 Theory, Suite 100, Irvine, CA 92617-7555, USA
| | - Norbert Staimer
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, 100 Theory, Suite 100, Irvine, CA 92617-7555, USA
| | - Nosratola D. Vaziri
- Nephrology and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
García-Reiriz A, Damiani PC, Olivieri AC, Cañada-Cañada F, Muñoz de la Peña A. Nonlinear four-way kinetic-excitation-emission fluorescence data processed by a variant of parallel factor analysis and by a neural network model achieving the second-order advantage: malonaldehyde determination in olive oil samples. Anal Chem 2008; 80:7248-56. [PMID: 18752340 DOI: 10.1021/ac8007829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Four-way data were obtained by recording the kinetic evolution of excitation-emission fluorescence matrices for the product of the Hantzsch reaction between the analyte malonaldehyde and methylamine. The reaction product, 1,4-disubstituted-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarbaldehyde, is a highly fluorescent compound. The nonlinear nature of the kinetic fluorescence data has been demonstrated, and therefore the four-way data were processed with parallel factor analysis combined with a nonlinear pseudounivariate regression, based on a quadratic polynomial fit, and also with a recently introduced neural network methodology, based on the combination of unfolded principal component analysis, residual trilinearization, and radial basis functions. The applied chemometric strategies are not only able to adequately model the nonlinear data but also to successfully determine malonaldehyde in olive oil samples. This is possible since the experimentally recorded four-way data, modeled with the above-mentioned advanced chemometric approaches, permit the achievement of the second-order advantage. This allows us to predict the analyte concentration in a complex background, in spite of the nonlinear behavior and in the presence of uncalibrated interferences. The present work is a new example of the use of higher-order data for the resolution of a complex nonlinear system, successfully employed in the context of food chemical analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro García-Reiriz
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Instituto de Química de Rosario (CONICET), Suipacha 531, Rosario, S2002LRK, Argentina
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lord HL, Rosenfeld J, Raha S, Hamadeh MJ. Automated derivatization and analysis of malondialdehyde using column switching sample preparation HPLC with fluorescence detection. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:387-401. [PMID: 18196531 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200700390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Analyte derivatization is advantageous for the analysis of malondialdehyde (MDA) as a biomarker of oxidative stress in biological samples. Conventionally, however, derivatization is time consuming, error-prone and has limited options for automation. We have addressed these challenges for the solid phase analytical derivatization of MDA from small volume tissue homogenate samples. A manual derivatization method was first developed using Amberlite XAD-2 (12 mg) as the solid phase. Subsequently an automated column switching process was developed that provided simultaneous derivatization and extraction of the MDA-DH hydrazone product on a cartridge packed with XAD-2, followed by quantitative elution of the product to an analytical LC column (Waters NovoPak C18, 3.9 x 150 mm). The LOD was 0.02 microg/mL and recovery was quantitative. The method was linear (r(2) >0.999) with precision < 5% from the LOQ (0.06 microg/mL) to at least 35 microg/mL. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of small volume (30 microL) mouse tissue homogenate samples. Endogenous levels of MDA in the tissues ranged from 20 to 40 nmol/g tissue (ca. 0.1-0.2 microg/mL homogenate). Compared to conventional MDA analyses, the current method has advantages in automation, selectivity, precision and sensitivity for analysis from very small sample volumes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Lord
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|