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A Sensitive LC-MS/MS Assay for the Quantification of Methadone and its Metabolites in Dried Blood Spots: Comparison With Plasma. Ther Drug Monit 2019; 42:118-128. [PMID: 31318842 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000000674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Methadone, a synthetic narcotic, is widely used both in adults and children for pain control and as a replacement drug in opioid use disorder to prevent craving and withdrawal. To support clinical pharmacokinetic trials in neonates, infants, and children, the authors developed and validated a novel, automated, highly sensitive liquid chromatography-electrospray-tandem mass spectrometry ionization (LC-ESI-MS/MS) method for the quantification of methadone and its metabolites, 2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine (EDDP) and 2-ethyl-5-methyl-3,3-diphenylpyraline (EMDP), in samples collected as dried blood spots. METHODS Blood was spiked with different concentrations of methadone, EDDP, and EMDP, and blood drops were applied to filter paper cards. Punches of 6.4 mm were removed from the cards, and 600 µL of protein precipitation solution (methanol/0.2M ZnSO4, 7:3, vol/vol) containing the internal standards (methadone-d9 and EDDP-d5) at a concentration of 1 mcg/L was added. The extracts were analyzed using LC-ESI-MS/MS in combination with online extraction. The mass spectrometer was run in the positive multiple reaction monitoring mode, and the total run time was 3.2 minutes. RESULTS For the dried blood spots, the assay has a lower limit of quantification of 0.1 mcg/L for methadone, EDDP, and EMDP. The range of reliable response for methadone for the ion transition m/z = 310.2→265.1 was 0.1-100 mcg/L and for the ion transition m/z = 310.2→223.1 5-1000 mcg/L. For EDDP, on the range of reliable response for the ion transition, m/z = 278.2→234.3 was 0.1-100 mcg/L and for the ion transition m/z = 278.2→186.1 5-1000 mcg/L. The calibration range for EMDP was 0.1-100 mcg/L. Accuracy (85%-115%) and imprecision (<15%) met predefined acceptance criteria. DISCUSSION This assay allows for the measurement of small volume blood samples without the need for an intravenous blood draw, and thus, it is suitable for pharmacokinetics studies and therapeutic drug monitoring in pediatric patients.
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Switchable Hydrophilicity Solvent-Based Homogenous Liquid–Liquid Microextraction (SHS-HLLME) Combined with GC-FID for the Quantification of Methadone and Tramadol. Chromatographia 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-018-3528-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles for dispersive micro solid-phase extraction and determination of buprenorphine in human urine samples by HPLC-FL. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-018-1355-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Hosseini M, Pur MRK, Norouzi P, Moghaddam MR, Ganjali MR. An enhanced electrochemiluminescence sensor modified with a Ru(bpy)32+/Yb2O3 nanoparticle/nafion composite for the analysis of methadone samples. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 76:483-489. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Nakhla DS, Hussein LA, Magdy N, Abdallah IA, Hassan HE. Precise simultaneous quantification of methadone and cocaine in rat serum and brain tissue samples following their successive i.p. administration. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1048:19-29. [PMID: 28192759 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay with dual UV detection has been developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of methadone and cocaine in rat serum and brain tissue samples. Liquid-liquid extraction using hexanes was applied for samples extraction with Levo-Tetrahydropalmatine (L-THP) as the internal standard. Chromatographic separation of the analytes was achieved on a reversed-phase Waters Symmetry® C18 column (150mm×4.6mm, 5μm). A gradient elution was employed with a mobile phase consisting of 5mM potassium phosphate containing 0.1% triethylamine (pH=6.5) (A) and acetonitrile (B) with a flow rate of 1mL/min. UV detection was employed at 215nm and 235nm for the determination of methadone and cocaine, respectively. The calibration curves were linear over the range of 0.05-10μg/mL for both methadone and cocaine. The assay was validated according to FDA guidelines for bioanalytical method validation and results were satisfactory and met FDA criteria. Inter-day accuracy values of serum and brain samples ranged from 96.97 to 105.59% while intra-day accuracy values ranged from 91.49 to 111.92%. Stability assays showed that both methadone and cocaine were stable during sample storage, preparation, and analytical procedures. The method was successfully used to analyze biological samples obtained from a drug- drug interaction pharmacokinetics (PK) study conducted in rats to investigate the effect of methadone on cocaine PK. Our method not only can be used for bioanalysis of samples obtained from rats but also can potentially be applied to human biological serum samples to monitor compliance to methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) and to detect possible cocaine-methadone co-abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Nakhla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland, School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Lobna A Hussein
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - N Magdy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Inas A Abdallah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland, School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Hazem E Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland, School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Taheri S, Jalali F, Fattahi N, Jalili R, Bahrami G. Sensitive determination of methadone in human serum and urine by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on the solidification of a floating organic droplet followed by HPLC-UV. J Sep Sci 2016; 38:3545-51. [PMID: 26289536 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic droplet was developed for the extraction of methadone and determination by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. In this method, no microsyringe or fiber is required to support the organic microdrop due to the usage of an organic solvent with a low density and appropriate melting point. Furthermore, the extractant droplet can be collected easily by solidifying it at low temperature. 1-Undecanol and methanol were chosen as extraction and disperser solvents, respectively. Parameters that influence extraction efficiency, i.e. volumes of extracting and dispersing solvents, pH, and salt effect, were optimized by using response surface methodology. Under optimal conditions, enrichment factor for methadone was 134 and 160 in serum and urine samples, respectively. The limit of detection was 3.34 ng/mmL in serum and 1.67 ng/mL in urine samples. Compared with the traditional dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, the proposed method obtained lower limit of detection. Moreover, the solidification of floating organic solvent facilitated the phase transfer. And most importantly, it avoided using high-density and toxic solvents of traditional dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of methadone in serum and urine samples of an addicted individual under methadone therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman Taheri
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Jalali
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nazir Fattahi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ronak Jalili
- School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Bahrami
- School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Ardeshiri M, Jalali F. Highly selective electrode for potentiometric analysis of methadone in biological fluids and pharmaceutical formulations. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 63:30-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Chan KW, Harun H. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometric method validation for the quantification of buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine in whole blood. AUST J FORENSIC SCI 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00450618.2016.1153148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kar-Weng Chan
- Department of Chemistry Malaysia, Ministry of Science Technology and Innovation (MOSTI), Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Hasni Harun
- Department of Chemistry Malaysia, Ministry of Science Technology and Innovation (MOSTI), Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
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Nahar LK, Andrews R, Paterson S. Validated Method for the Quantification of Buprenorphine in Postmortem Blood Using Solid-Phase Extraction and Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry. J Anal Toxicol 2015; 39:519-25. [DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkv051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Kyle AR, Carmical J, Shah D, Pryor J, Brown S. UHPLC-MS/MS quantification of buprenorphine, norbuprenorphine, methadone, and glucuronide conjugates in umbilical cord plasma. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 29:1567-74. [PMID: 25808363 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Opioid use during pregnancy can result in the newborn being physically dependent on the substance, thus experiencing drug withdrawal, termed neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). Buprenorphine and methadone are two drugs used to treat opioid withdrawal and are approved for use in pregnancy. Quantification of these compounds in umbilical cord plasma would help assess in utero exposure of neonates in cases of buprenorphine or methadone use during pregnancy. An LC-MS/MS method using solid-phase extraction sample preparation was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of methadone, buprenorphine, norbuprenorphine, and glucuronide metabolites in umbilical cord plasma. The average accuracy (percentage error) and precision (relative standard deviation) were <15% for each validated concentration. Our data establishes a 2 week maximum freezer storage window in order to achieve the most accurate cord plasma concentrations of these analytes. Additionally, we found that the umbilical cord tissue analysis was less sensitive compared with analysis with umbilical cord blood plasma, indicating that this may be a more appropriate matrix for determination of buprenorphine and metabolite concentrations. This method was successfully applied to the analysis of cord blood from women with known buprenorphine or methadone use during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Redmond Kyle
- Bill Gatton College of Pharmacy, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - Jennifer Carmical
- Bill Gatton College of Pharmacy, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - Darshan Shah
- Department of Pediatrics, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - Jason Pryor
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center/Monroe Carell Children's Hospital, Neonatal Perinatal Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Stacy Brown
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bill Gatton College of Pharmacy, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, 37614-1708, USA
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Sun W, Qu S, Du Z. Hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction combined with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry for the simultaneous determination of naloxone, buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine in human plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 951-952:157-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Revised: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Birch MA, Couchman L, Pietromartire S, Karna T, Paton C, McAllister R, Marsh A, Flanagan RJ. False-Positive Buprenorphine by CEDIA in Patients Prescribed Amisulpride or Sulpiride. J Anal Toxicol 2013; 37:233-6. [DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkt016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Hasheminasab KS, Fakhari AR. Development and application of carbon nanotubes assisted electromembrane extraction (CNTs/EME) for the determination of buprenorphine as a model of basic drugs from urine samples. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 767:75-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Revised: 12/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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A novel test using dried blood spots for the chromatographic assay of methadone. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 404:503-11. [PMID: 22699236 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6157-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Revised: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel test has been developed for the analysis of methadone in dried blood spot specimens from patients undergoing methadone maintenance treatment. An isocratic reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method with coulometric detection has been optimized for the determination of methadone. The clean-up of dried blood spots was performed by means of an original microextraction by packed sorbent procedure after microwave-assisted extraction of the drug with a suitable solvent. Extraction yields were satisfactory, always being higher than 90.0 %. The calibration curve was linear over the 4-500 ng mL(-1) concentration range. The method had satisfactory sensitivity (limit of quantitation of 4 ng mL(-1)), precision (relative standard deviation less than 5.8 %), selectivity and accuracy (recovery greater than 87.0 %). It was successfully applied to dried blood spot samples collected from heroin-addicted patients undergoing methadone maintenance therapy at dosages between 40 and 240 mg day(-1). The statistical analysis (Bland-Altman plot) showed that the results were in good agreement with those found from the analysis of plasma samples obtained from the same patients. Thus, the method has proved to be suitable for the monitoring of methadone by means of dried blood spots.
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Preconcentration of trace amounts of methadone in human urine, plasma, saliva and sweat samples using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction followed by high performance liquid chromatography. Talanta 2012; 94:116-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Revised: 02/25/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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A Sensitive Method for the Determination of Methadone in Biological Samples Using Nano-Structured α-Carboxy Polypyrrol as a Sorbent of SPME. Chromatographia 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-011-2171-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Mandrioli R, Mercolini L, Raggi MA. Chiral analysis of amphetamines, methadone and metabolites in biological samples by electrodriven methods. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:2629-39. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201000687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 03/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Combined liquid chromatography-coulometric detection and microextraction by packed sorbent for the plasma analysis of long acting opioids in heroin addicted patients. Anal Chim Acta 2011; 702:280-7. [PMID: 21839210 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Revised: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The sublingual combination of buprenorphine and naloxone (Suboxone(®)) and Methadone Maintenance Therapy have been found effective in treating heroin addiction. A new analytical method suitable for the simultaneous determination of buprenorphine, norbuprenorphine, methadone and naloxone in human plasma by means of liquid chromatography with coulometric detection has been developed. The chromatographic separation was achieved with a phosphate buffer-acetonitrile mixture as the mobile phase on a cyano column. The monitoring cell of the coulometric detector was set at an oxidation potential of +0.600 V. A rapid clean-up procedure of the biological samples using a microextraction by packed sorbent technique has been implemented, employing a C8 sorbent inserted into a syringe needle. The extraction yield values were satisfactory for all analytes (>85%). The calibration curves were linear over a range of 0.25-20.0 ng mL(-1) for buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine, 3.0-1000.0 ng mL(-1) for methadone and 0.13-10.0 ng mL(-1) for naloxone. The sensitivity was also high with limits of detection of 0.08 ng mL(-1) for both buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine, 0.9 ng mL(-1) for methadone and 0.04 ng mL(-1) for naloxone. The intraday and interday precision data were always satisfactory. The method was successfully applied to plasma samples obtained from former heroin addicts treated with opioid replacement therapy.
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Gordon AL, Lopatko OV, Somogyi AA, Foster DJR, White JM. (R)- and (S)-methadone and buprenorphine concentration ratios in maternal and umbilical cord plasma following chronic maintenance dosing in pregnancy. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2011; 70:895-902. [PMID: 21175445 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03759.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to compare the transfer of buprenorphine and methadone between maternal and cord blood in women under chronic dosing conditions and to determine if differences exist in the transfer of the two methadone enantiomers. METHODS Maternal and cord blood samples were collected at delivery from women maintained on methadone (35, 25-140 mg day⁻¹) (median; range) or buprenorphine (6.00, 2-20 mg day⁻¹) during pregnancy. Plasma concentration ratios are presented as an indicator of foetal exposure relative to the mother. RESULTS Methadone was quantified in all samples, with cord : maternal plasma methadone concentration ratios (n= 15 mother-infant pairs) being significantly higher (P < 0.0001; mean difference (MD) 0.07; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.048, 0.092) for the active (R)-methadone enantiomer (0.41; 0.19, 0.56) (median; range) compared with (S)-methadone (0.36; 0.15, 0.53). (R)- : (S)-methadone concentration ratios were also significantly higher (P < 0.0001; MD 0.24 95% CI 0.300, 0.180) for cord (1.40; 0.95, 1.67) compared with maternal plasma (1.16; 0.81, 1.38). Half the infant buprenorphine samples were below the assay lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) (0.125 ng ml⁻¹). The latter was four-fold lower than the LLOQ for methadone (0.50 ng ml⁻¹). The cord : maternal plasma buprenorphine concentration ratio (n= 9 mother-infant pairs) was 0.35; 0.14, 0.47 and for norbuprenorphine 0.49; 0.24, 0.91. CONCLUSIONS The transfer of the individual methadone enantiomers to the foetal circulation is stereoselective. Infants born to buprenorphine maintained women are not exposed to a greater proportion of the maternal dose compared with methadone and may be exposed to relatively less of the maternal dose compared with infants born to women maintained on methadone during pregnancy.
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Chiuminatto U, Gosetti F, Dossetto P, Mazzucco E, Zampieri D, Robotti E, Gennaro MC, Marengo E. Automated Online Solid Phase Extraction Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography Method Coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Determination of Forty-Two Therapeutic Drugs and Drugs of Abuse in Human Urine. Anal Chem 2010; 82:5636-45. [DOI: 10.1021/ac100607v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Chiuminatto
- AB Sciex, via Tiepolo 18, 20052 Monza, Italy, and University of Piemonte Orientale, DISAV Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Ambiente e della Vita, viale Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Fabio Gosetti
- AB Sciex, via Tiepolo 18, 20052 Monza, Italy, and University of Piemonte Orientale, DISAV Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Ambiente e della Vita, viale Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Paolo Dossetto
- AB Sciex, via Tiepolo 18, 20052 Monza, Italy, and University of Piemonte Orientale, DISAV Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Ambiente e della Vita, viale Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Eleonora Mazzucco
- AB Sciex, via Tiepolo 18, 20052 Monza, Italy, and University of Piemonte Orientale, DISAV Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Ambiente e della Vita, viale Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Davide Zampieri
- AB Sciex, via Tiepolo 18, 20052 Monza, Italy, and University of Piemonte Orientale, DISAV Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Ambiente e della Vita, viale Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Elisa Robotti
- AB Sciex, via Tiepolo 18, 20052 Monza, Italy, and University of Piemonte Orientale, DISAV Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Ambiente e della Vita, viale Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Maria Carla Gennaro
- AB Sciex, via Tiepolo 18, 20052 Monza, Italy, and University of Piemonte Orientale, DISAV Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Ambiente e della Vita, viale Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Emilio Marengo
- AB Sciex, via Tiepolo 18, 20052 Monza, Italy, and University of Piemonte Orientale, DISAV Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Ambiente e della Vita, viale Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
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Ebrahimzadeh H, Khezri E, Kamarei F. Determination of Methadone in Biological Samples Using Liquid Phase Microextraction with Back Extraction Combined with LC. Chromatographia 2010. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-010-1636-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Han B, Du Y, Wang E. Simultaneous determination of pethidine and methadone by capillary electrophoresis with electrochemiluminescence detection of tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II). Microchem J 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2008.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kresina TF, Sylvestre D, Seeff L, Litwin AH, Hoffman K, Lubran R, Clark HW. Hepatitis infection in the treatment of opioid dependence and abuse. Subst Abuse 2008; 1:15-61. [PMID: 25977607 PMCID: PMC4395041 DOI: 10.4137/sart.s580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Many new and existing cases of viral hepatitis infections are related to injection drug use. Transmission of these infections can result directly from the use of injection equipment that is contaminated with blood containing the hepatitis B or C virus or through sexual contact with an infected individual. In the latter case, drug use can indirectly contribute to hepatitis transmission through the dis-inhibited at-risk behavior, that is, unprotected sex with an infected partner. Individuals who inject drugs are at-risk for infection from different hepatitis viruses, hepatitis A, B, or C. Those with chronic hepatitis B virus infection also face additional risk should they become co-infected with hepatitis D virus. Protection from the transmission of hepatitis viruses A and B is best achieved by vaccination. For those with a history of or who currently inject drugs, the medical management of viral hepatitis infection comprising screening, testing, counseling and providing care and treatment is evolving. Components of the medical management of hepatitis infection, for persons considering, initiating, or receiving pharmacologic therapy for opioid addiction include: testing for hepatitis B and C infections; education and counseling regarding at-risk behavior and hepatitis transmission, acute and chronic hepatitis infection, liver disease and its care and treatment; vaccination against hepatitis A and B infection; and integrative primary care as part of the comprehensive treatment approach for recovery from opioid abuse and dependence. In addition, participation in a peer support group as part of integrated medical care enhances treatment outcomes. Liver disease is highly prevalent in patient populations seeking recovery from opioid addiction or who are currently receiving pharmacotherapy for opioid addiction. Pharmacotherapy for opioid addiction is not a contraindication to evaluation, care, or treatment of liver disease due to hepatitis virus infection. Successful pharmacotherapy for opioid addiction stabilizes patients and improves patient compliance to care and treatment regimens as well as promotes good patient outcomes. Implementation and integration of effective hepatitis prevention programs, care programs, and treatment regimens in concert with the pharmacological therapy of opioid addiction can reduce the public health burdens of hepatitis and injection drug use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas F Kresina
- Center for Substance Abuse Treatment, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, MD
| | - Diana Sylvestre
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco and Organization to Achieve Solutions In Substance Abuse (O.A.S.I.S.) Oakland, CA
| | - Leonard Seeff
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, National Institute on Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD
| | - Alain H Litwin
- Division of Substance Abuse, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center Bronx, NY
| | - Kenneth Hoffman
- Center for Substance Abuse Treatment, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, MD
| | - Robert Lubran
- Center for Substance Abuse Treatment, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, MD
| | - H Westley Clark
- Center for Substance Abuse Treatment, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, MD
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