A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of montelukast in sheep plasma using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry

Montelukast reduces grey matter abnormalities and functional deficits in a mouse model of inflammation-induced encephalopathy of prematurity

Encephalopathy of prematurity (EoP) affects approximately 30% of infants born < 32 weeks gestation and is highly associated with inflammation in the foetus. Here we evaluated the efficacy of montelukast, a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist widely used to treat asthma in children, to ameliorate peripheral and central inflammation, and subsequent grey matter neuropathology and behaviour deficits in a mouse model of EoP. Male CD-1 mice were treated with intraperitoneal (i.p.) saline or interleukin-1beta (IL-1β, 40 μg/kg, 5 μL/g body weight) from postnatal day (P)1-5 ± concomitant montelukast (1-30 mg/kg). Saline or montelukast treatment was continued for a further 5 days post-injury. Assessment of systemic and central inflammation and short-term neuropathology was performed from 4 h following treatment through to P10. Behavioural testing, MRI and neuropathological assessments were made on a second cohort of animals from P36 to 54. Montelukast was found to attenuate both peripheral and central inflammation, reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory molecules (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF) in the brain. Inflammation induced a reduction in parvalbumin-positive interneuron density in the cortex, which was normalised with high-dose montelukast. The lowest effective dose, 3 mg/kg, was able to improve anxiety and spatial learning deficits in this model of inflammatory injury, and alterations in cortical mean diffusivity were not present in animals that received this dose of montelukast. Repurposed montelukast administered early after preterm birth may, therefore, improve grey matter development and outcome in EoP.

A simple and sensitive HPLC-MS/MS assay for the quantitation of montelukast in cell-based systems in vitro pulmonary drug permeability study

Montelukast is a potent and selective antagonist of the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 subtype (CysLT1) and widely used in the form of oral tablets and granules for asthma prophylaxis and treatment. Recently, due to the pulmonary inhaled administration can limit montelukast distribution in the systemic circulation, avoid the first-pass metabolism and have better therapeutic effects in respiratory disease treatment, explore alternative routes of administration, like delivery of montelukast via an inhaled, is a new research trend for montelukast. The aim of the current study was to develop and validate a simple, accurate, highly sensitive and selective liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method (LC-MS/MS) for determination of montelukast in an in vitro cell-based pulmonary pharmacokinetics system model, which can be used to be a better understanding the fate of inhaled montelukast in the lungs. In this study, montelukast was extracted by protein precipitation with acetonitrile containing labeled montelukast. The chromatography was performed on an Agilent Eclipse plus C8 column (4.6 mm × 100 mm, 3.5 μm, Darmstadt, Germany) operating at 35 ◦C. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile: 20 mM ammonium formate buffer (80: 20, v/v), was delivered at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. montelukast and the internal standard were both eluted at 4.2 min. A linear (1/x²) relationship was used to perform the calibration over an analytical range from 0.5 to 600 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-batch precision expressed as CV for four QC samples including LLOQ range from 1.14 % to 6.25 %. The intra- and inter-batch accuracy for four concentrations of montelukast were in the range of 95.19%-104.1%. All the values for accuracy and precision were within the acceptance range. The method met all the bioanalytical method validation requirements by ICH and was suitable for the assay of montelukast which in the in vitro cell-based pulmonary pharmacokinetics system model.

A Review of Different Analytical Techniques for Fexofenadine Hydrochloride and Montelukast Sodium in Different Matrices

Fexofenadine hydrochloride is an antihistamine agent used for the treatment of allergic disorders like rhinitis. It is a second generation antihistamine. Montelukast sodium is an anti-asthmatic agent and leukotriene receptor antagonist used in the treatment of respiratory disorders. This article exemplifies the reported analytical methods like electrometric methods, ultraviolet spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, thin layer chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, high performance thin layer chromatography and tandem spectroscopy for determination of fexofenadine HCl and montelukast sodium in dosage form and in biological matrices. This review covers almost all the analytical methods for fexofenadine hydrochloride and montelukast sodium form 1968-2018 years. Complete analytical validation parameters reported are discussed in this review for both analytes. Among various analytical methods, HPLC and UV-visible spectrophotometry were found to be the most extensively used methods by the researchers.

Development and validation of LC/MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of montelukast, gliclazide, and nifedipine and its application to a pharmacokinetic study

Background

Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist for treatment of asthma, gliclazide is an oral hypoglycemic antidiabetic agent, and nifedipine is a calcium channel blocker used for treatment of angina pectoris and hypertension. These drugs may be prescribed to patients suffering from these chronic diseases. A survey of the literature reveals that there is no reported method for the simultaneous determination of montelukast, gliclazide, and nifedipine in pharmaceutical preparations or biological fluids.

Results

A simple, sensitive, and rapid method for the simultaneous quantification of montelukast, gliclazide, and nifedipine in human plasma was developed and validated. Montelukast, gliclazide, and nifedipine were resolved using rapid resolution LC/MS/MS Agilent system and SB-C₁₈ (50 × 4.6 mm) 1.8 μm particle size column. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile: 0.1% formic acid (84:16). The three drugs were simultaneously extracted from plasma by protein precipitation with acetonitrile using zaferolukast as an internal standard. The method was validated according to FDA guidelines with good reproducibility and linearity of 0.999 and the limits of quantification were 0.11, 0.04, and 0.07 ng/mL for montelukast, gliclazide, and nifedipine, respectively. The accuracies of the three QCs for the three drugs were 99.48% (montelukast), 106.53% (gliclazide), and 108.03% (nifedipine) in human plasma. The validated method was applied to a pharmacokinetic study in human volunteers after oral administration of the three drugs. The applied LC/MS/MS method was shown to be sufficiently sensitive and suitable for pharmacokinetic studies.

Conclusion

The LC/MS/MS method was validated and successfully applied for the determination of montelukast, gliclazide, and nifedipine concentrations in human plasma.

Development and validation of RP-HPLC method with ultraviolet detection for estimation of montelukast in rabbit plasma: Application to preclinical pharmacokinetics

OBJECTIVE

To develop a liquid-liquid extraction based reverse phase liquid chromatography method for estimation of montelukast in rabbit plasma.

METHODS

Chromatographic separation was carried out using Phenomenex Luna C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm × 5 μm) with mobile phase composed of ammonium acetate buffer (20 Mm), pH 5.5 and acetonitrile in 20:80, v/v ratio. The analyte was monitored with UV detector at 345 nm. The developed method was validated with respect to linearity, accuracy, precision, specificity and stability.

RESULTS

The peak area ratio of montelukast (MKS) to that of internal standard was used for the quantification of samples. Calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 20-2000 ng mL(-1). The LOD and LLOQ of present method were found out to be 10 ng mL(-1) and 20 ng mL(-1) respectively. The intra-day and inter-day %CV values for MKS were below 6.06% and 8.43%. Intra-day and inter-day accuracies were within 95.81% and 110.90%, respectively. Extraction recoveries of drug from rabbit plasma were >66.47%.

CONCLUSION

A simple, alternative, reproducible and sensitive HPLC-UV method was developed for MKS that can be used in preclinical pharmacokinetics.

Sensitive LC-MS/MS-ESI method for simultaneous determination of montelukast and fexofenadine in human plasma: application to a bioequivalence study

A rapid, simple, sensitive and selective LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of montelukast (MT) and fexofenadine (FF) in human plasma (200 μL) using montelukast-d6 (MT-d6 ) and fexofenadine-d10 (FF-d10 ), respectively as an internal standard (IS) as per the US Food and Drug Administration guidelines. The chromatographic resolution was achieved on a Chromolith RP18e column using an isocratic mobile phase consisting of 20 mm ammonium formate-acetonitrile (20:80, v/v) at flow rate of 1.2 mL/min. The LC-MS/MS was operated under the multiple-reaction monitoring mode using electrospray ionization. The total run time of analysis was 4 min and elution of MT, FF, MT-d6 and FF-d10 occurred at 2.5, 1.2, 2.4 and 1.2 min, respectively. The standard curve found to be linear in the range 2.00-1000 ng/mL with a coefficient of correlation of ≥0.99 for both the drugs. The intra- and inter-day accuracy and precision values for MT and FF met the acceptance as per FDA guidelines. MT and FF were found to be stable in a battery of stability studies viz., bench-top, auto-sampler and repeated freeze-thaw cycles. The validated assay was applied to an oral bioequivalence study in humans.

Development and Validation of a Rapid RP-UPLC Method for the Simultaneous Estimation of Bambuterol Hydrochloride and Montelukast Sodium from Tablets

A rapid, simple, sensitive and selective analytical method was developed by using reverse phase ultra performance liquid chromatographic technique for the simultaneous estimation of bambuterol hydrochloride and montelukast sodium in combined tablet dosage form. The developed method is superior in technology to conventional high performance liquid chromatography with respect to speed, resolution, solvent consumption, time, and cost of analysis. Elution time for the separation was 6 min and ultra violet detection was carried out at 210 nm. Efficient separation was achieved on BEH C18 sub-2-μm Acquity UPLC column using 0.025% (v/v) trifluoro acetic acid in water and acetonitrile as organic solvent in a linear gradient program. Resolutions between bambuterol hydrochloride and montelukast sodium were found to be more than 31. The active pharmaceutical ingredient was extracted from tablet dosage from using a mixture of methanol, acetonitrile and water as diluent. The calibration graphs were linear for bambuterol hydrochloride and montelukast sodium in the range of 6.25-37.5 μg/ml. The percentage recoveries for bambuterol hydrochloride and montelukast sodium were found to be in the range of 99.1-100.0% and 98.0-101.6%, respectively. The test solution was found to be stable for 7 days when stored in the refrigerator between 2-8°. Developed UPLC method was validated as per International Conference on Harmonization specifications for method validation. This method can be successfully employed for simultaneous estimation of bambuterol hydrochloride and montelukast sodium in bulk drugs and formulations.

Development and Validation of a RP-HPLC Method for Estimation of Montelukast Sodium in Bulk and in Tablet Dosage Form

The present work describes a simple, precise and accurate HPLC method for estimation of montelukast sodium in bulk and in tablet dosage form. The separation was achieved by using octadecylsilane column (C18) and acetonitrile:1 mM sodium acetate adjusted to pH 6.3 with acetic acid in proportion of 90:10 v/v as mobile phase, at a flow rate of 1.5 ml/min. Detection was carried out at 285 nm. The retention time of montelukast sodium was found to be 3.4 min. The limit of detection was found 1.31 µg/ml and limit of quantification 3.97 µg/ml. The accuracy and reliability of the proposed method was ascertained by evaluating various validation parameters like linearity (1-100 µg/ml), precision, accuracy and specificity according to ICH guidelines. The proposed method provides an accurate and precise quality control tool for routine analysis of montelukast sodium in bulk and in tablet dosage form.

Method development and validation of montelukast in human plasma by HPLC coupled with ESI-MS/MS: application to a bioequivalence study

A simple, sensitive, and specific LC-ESIâMS/MS method for quantification of Montelukast (MO) in human plasma using Montelukast-d(6) (MOD6) as an internal standard (IS) is discussed here. Chromatographic separation was performed on YMC-pack pro C(18), 50 x 4.6 mm, S-3 Îm column with an isocratic mobile phase composed of 10mM ammonium formate (pH 4.0):acetonitrile (20:80 v/v), at a flow-rate of 0.8 mL min(â1). MO and MOD6 were detected with proton adducts at m/z 586.2â568.2 and 592.3â574.2 in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) positive mode respectively. MO and MOD6 were extracted using acetonitrile as precipitating agent. The method was validated over a linear concentration range of 1.0â800.0 ng mL(â1) with correlation coefficient (r(2)) â 0.9996. The intraday precision and accuracy were within 1.91â7.10 and 98.32â99.17. The inter-day precision and accuracy were within 3.42â4.41% and 98.14â99.27% for MO. Both analytes were found to be stable throughout three freeze-thawing cycles, bench top, and autosampler stability studies. This method was utilized successfully for the analysis of plasma samples following oral administration of MO (5 mg) in 31 healthy Indian male human volunteers under fasting conditions.

Comparison of fused-core and conventional particle size columns by LC-MS/MS and UV: application to pharmacokinetic study

The chromatographic performance of fused-core (superficially porous) HPLC packing materials was compared with conventional fully porous particle materials for LC-MS/MS analysis of two pharmaceuticals in rat plasma. Two commercially available antidepressants, imipramine and desipramine, were assayed using a conventional analytical C(18) column (5 microm, 2.0 mm x 30 mm) and a fused-core C(18) column (2.7 microm, 2.1 mm x 30 mm). Retention time, column efficiency, pressure drop, resolution, and loading capacity were compared under the same operating conditions. The fused-core column demonstrated reduced assay time by 34% and 2-3-fold increased efficiency (N). Loading capacity up to 25 microl of extract injected on column showed no peak distortion. The registered back-pressure from a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min did not exceed 3400 psi making it compatible with standard HPLC equipment (typically rated to 6000 psi). Two mobile phases were examined, and morpholine as an organic base modifier yielded a 2-5-fold increase in S/N near the limit of detection over triethylamine. The 2.7 microm fused-core column was applied to the analysis of imipramine and desipramine in extracted, protein precipitated rat plasma by LC-MS/MS. The calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 0.5-1000 ng/ml for both imipramine and desipramine. Intra-run precisions (%CV) and accuracies (%bias) were within +/-7.8% and +/-7.3% at three QC levels and within 14.7% and 14.4% at the LOQ level for both analytes. Following a single method qualification run, the method was applied to the quantitation of pharmacokinetic study samples after oral administration of imipramine to male rats.