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Enhanced chromatographic efficiency obtained with vacuum jacketed columns facilitates the rapid UHPLC/MS/MS-based analysis of fasiglifam in rat plasma. Talanta 2023; 254:124089. [PMID: 36459869 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.124089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The use of vacuum jacketed LC columns (VJC) to minimize on- and post-column band broadening to maximize chromatographic performance has been evaluated as a potential route to improved high throughput (HT) analysis. Here the use of the "VJC" approach has been applied to the HT bioanalysis of the antidiabetic GPR40 agonist drug fasiglifam in rat plasma samples obtained following a 5 mg/kg IV dose. The data obtained from a 1 minute VJC/MS-based analysis showed significant improvements compared to that from a conventional 2 minute UHPLC method for the drug. Notably, using VJC/MS with the rapid 1 min analysis provided a ca. 50% reduction in peak width coupled with a 2-5 fold higher peak response whilst doubling analytical throughput when compared to a conventional UHPLC/MS method. In addition, the increased resolution provided by the VJC system also improved the separation of fasiglifam from common matrix interferences such as co-extracted phospholipids thereby reducing the potential for matrix effects. The concatenation of these improvements suggests that the VJC approach may indeed provide a pathway to more sensitive, robust and high throughput drug bioanalysis, with particular advantages for drug discovery applications.
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2
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Böck MC, Höfner G, Wanner KT. N-Substituted Nipecotic Acids as (S)-SNAP-5114 Analogues with Modified Lipophilic Domains. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:756-771. [PMID: 32187815 PMCID: PMC7317212 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Potential mGAT4 inhibitors derived from the lead substance (S)-SNAP-5114 have been synthesized and characterized for their inhibitory potency. Variations from the parent compound included the substitution of one of its aromatic 4-methoxy and 4-methoxyphenyl groups, respectively, with a more polar moiety, including a carboxylic acid, alcohol, nitrile, carboxamide, sulfonamide, aldehyde or ketone function, or amino acid partial structures. Furthermore, it was investigated how the substitution of more than one of the aromatic 4-methoxy groups affects the potency and selectivity of the resulting compounds. Among the synthesized test substances (S)-1-{2-[(4-formylphenyl)bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-methoxy]ethyl}piperidine-3-carboxylic acid, that features a carbaldehyde function in place of one of the aromatic 4-methoxy moieties of (S)-SNAP-5114, was found to have a pIC50 value of 5.89±0.07, hence constituting a slightly more potent mGAT4 inhibitor than the parent substance while showing comparable subtype selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C. Böck
- Department of Pharmacy – Center for Drug ResearchLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Georg Höfner
- Department of Pharmacy – Center for Drug ResearchLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Klaus T. Wanner
- Department of Pharmacy – Center for Drug ResearchLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
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3
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Otvos RA, Still KBM, Somsen GW, Smit AB, Kool J. Drug Discovery on Natural Products: From Ion Channels to nAChRs, from Nature to Libraries, from Analytics to Assays. SLAS DISCOVERY : ADVANCING LIFE SCIENCES R & D 2019; 24:362-385. [PMID: 30682257 PMCID: PMC6484542 DOI: 10.1177/2472555218822098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Natural extracts are complex mixtures that may be rich in useful bioactive compounds and therefore are attractive sources for new leads in drug discovery. This review describes drug discovery from natural products and in explaining this process puts the focus on ion-channel drug discovery. In particular, the identification of bioactives from natural products targeting nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and serotonin type 3 receptors (5-HT3Rs) is discussed. The review is divided into three parts: "Targets," "Sources," and "Approaches." The "Targets" part will discuss the importance of ion-channel drug targets in general, and the α7-nAChR and 5-HT3Rs in particular. The "Sources" part will discuss the relevance for drug discovery of finding bioactive compounds from various natural sources such as venoms and plant extracts. The "Approaches" part will give an overview of classical and new analytical approaches that are used for the identification of new bioactive compounds with the focus on targeting ion channels. In addition, a selected overview is given of traditional venom-based drug discovery approaches and of diverse hyphenated analytical systems used for screening complex bioactive mixtures including venoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reka A. Otvos
- The Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kristina B. M. Still
- The Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Govert W. Somsen
- The Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - August B. Smit
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kool
- The Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Lotter C, Heiland JJ, Stein V, Klimkait M, Queisser M, Belder D. Evaluation of Pressure Stable Chip-to-Tube Fittings Enabling High-Speed Chip-HPLC with Mass Spectrometric Detection. Anal Chem 2016; 88:7481-6. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Lotter
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Josef J. Heiland
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Volkmar Stein
- Fraunhofer ICT-IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Str.
18-20, 55129 Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Klimkait
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marco Queisser
- Fraunhofer IZM, Gustav-Meyer-Allee
25, 13355 Berlin, Germany
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Wein T, Petrera M, Allmendinger L, Höfner G, Pabel J, Wanner KT. Different Binding Modes of Small and Large Binders of GAT1. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:509-18. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wein
- Department for Pharmacy-Center for Drug Research; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstr. 7-13 81377 Munich Germany
| | | | - Lars Allmendinger
- Department for Pharmacy-Center for Drug Research; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstr. 7-13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Georg Höfner
- Department for Pharmacy-Center for Drug Research; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstr. 7-13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Jörg Pabel
- Department for Pharmacy-Center for Drug Research; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstr. 7-13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Klaus T. Wanner
- Department for Pharmacy-Center for Drug Research; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstr. 7-13 81377 Munich Germany
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Neiens P, Höfner G, Wanner KT. MS Binding Assays for D1 and D5 Dopamine Receptors. ChemMedChem 2015; 10:1924-31. [PMID: 26332653 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
MS Binding Assays are a label-free alternative to radioligand binding assays. They provide basically the same capabilities as the latter, but an unlabeled reporter ligand is used instead of a radioligand. The study presented herein describes the development of MS Binding Assays that address D1 and D5 dopamine receptors. A highly sensitive, rapid and robust LC-ESI-MS/MS quantification method for the selective D1 dopamine receptor antagonist SCH23390 ((5R)-8-chloro-3-methyl-5-phenyl-1,2,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepin-7-ol) was established and validated, using its 8-bromo analogue SKF83566 as an internal standard. This quantification method proved to be suitable for the characterization of SCH23390 binding to human D1 and D5 receptors. Following the concept of MS Binding Assays, saturation experiments for D1 and D5 receptors were performed, as well as competition experiments for D1 receptors. The results obtained are in good agreement with results from radioligand binding assays and therefore indicate that the established MS Binding Assays addressing D1 and D5 receptors are well-suited substitutes for radioligand binding assays, the technique that has so far dominated affinity determinations toward these targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Neiens
- Department für Pharmazie-Zentrum für Pharmaforschung, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Georg Höfner
- Department für Pharmazie-Zentrum für Pharmaforschung, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Klaus Theodor Wanner
- Department für Pharmazie-Zentrum für Pharmaforschung, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, München, Germany.
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Kowalczyk P, Sałat K, Höfner GC, Mucha M, Rapacz A, Podkowa A, Filipek B, Wanner KT, Kulig K. Synthesis, biological evaluation and structure–activity relationship of new GABA uptake inhibitors, derivatives of 4-aminobutanamides. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 83:256-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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2-Substituted 4-hydroxybutanamides as potential inhibitors of γ-aminobutyric acid transporters mGAT1–mGAT4: Synthesis and biological evaluation. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:5154-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Sałat K, Więckowska A, Więckowski K, Höfner GC, Kamiński J, Wanner KT, Malawska B, Filipek B, Kulig K. Synthesis and pharmacological properties of new GABA uptake inhibitors. Pharmacol Rep 2013; 64:817-33. [PMID: 23087134 DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(12)70877-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Revised: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND γ-Aminobutanoic acid (GABA) is the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. The identification and subsequent development of the GABA transport inhibitors which enhance the GABA-ergic transmission has shown the important role that GABA transporters play in the control of numerous functions of the nervous system. Compounds which inhibit GABA uptake are used as antiepileptic drugs (tiagabine - a selective GAT1 inhibitor), they are also being investigated for other indications, including treatment of psychosis, general anxiety, sleep disorders, drug addiction or acute and chronic pain. METHODS In this paper, the synthesis of 2-substituted-4-(1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-ylo)-butanamides and 2-substituted-4-aminobutanoic acids derivatives is described. These compounds were tested in vitro for their ability to inhibit GABA uptake. The inhibitory potency towards murine plasma membrane GABA transporters (mGAT1-4) was performed as [(3)H]GABA uptake assay based on stably transfected HEK cells. Compound 18, which demonstrated the highest affinity for mGAT1-4 (pIC(50) ranged from 4.42 for mGAT1 to 5.07 for mGAT3), was additionally investigated in several behavioral tests in mice. RESULTS Compound 18 increased the locomotor activity (14-38%) and had anxiolytic-like properties in the four-plate test (ED(50) = 9.3 mg/kg). It did not show analgesic activity in acute pain model, namely the hot plate test, however, it was antinociceptive in the acetic acid-induced writhing test (ED(50) = 15.3 mg/kg) and in the formalin model of tonic pain. In the latter assay, it diminished nocifensive behavior in both phases and in the first (neurogenic) phase of this test the obtained ED(50) value (5.3 mg/kg) was similar to morphine (3.0 mg/kg). CONCLUSION Compound 18 exhibited significant anxiolytic-like properties and was antinociceptive in some models of pain in mice. Moreover, it did not impair animals' motor coordination in the chimney test. Some of the described pharmacological activities of compound 18 can be partly explained based on its affinity for plasma membrane GABA transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Sałat
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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Kulig K, Więckowski K, Więckowska A, Gajda J, Pochwat B, Höfner GC, Wanner KT, Malawska B. Synthesis and biological evaluation of new derivatives of 2-substituted 4-hydroxybutanamides as GABA uptake inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:183-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2010] [Revised: 10/19/2010] [Accepted: 11/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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11
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Jonker N, Kool J, Irth H, Niessen WMA. Recent developments in protein-ligand affinity mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 399:2669-81. [PMID: 21058031 PMCID: PMC3043251 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4350-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Revised: 10/16/2010] [Accepted: 10/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This review provides an overview of direct and indirect technologies to screen protein–ligand interactions with mass spectrometry. These technologies have as a key feature the selection or affinity purification of ligands in mixtures prior to detection. Specific fields of interest for these technologies are metabolic profiling of bioactive metabolites, natural extract screening, and the screening of libraries for bioactives, such as parallel synthesis libraries and small combichem libraries. The review addresses the principles of each of the methods discussed, with a focus on developments in recent years, and the applicability of the methods to lead generation and development in drug discovery. Schematic view of the principle of filtration based 96-well affinity selection MS binding assays ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Jonker
- BioMolecular Analysis, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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