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Dyrda-Terniuk T, Pomastowski P. The Multifaceted Roles of Bovine Lactoferrin: Molecular Structure, Isolation Methods, Analytical Characteristics, and Biological Properties. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:20500-20531. [PMID: 38091520 PMCID: PMC10755757 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Bovine lactoferrin (bLF) is widely known as an iron-binding glycoprotein from the transferrin family. The bLF molecule exhibits a broad spectrum of biological activity, including iron delivery, antimicrobial, antiviral, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antitumor, and prebiotic functions, thereby making it one of the most valuable representatives for biomedical applications. Remarkably, LF functionality might completely differ in dependence on the iron saturation state and glycosylation patterns. Recently, a violently growing demand for bLF production has been observed, mostly for infant formulas, dietary supplements, and functional food formulations. Unfortunately, one of the reasons that inhibit the development of the bLF market and widespread protein implementation is related to its negligible amount in both major sources─colostrum and mature milk. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the significance of bLF research by delineating the key structural characteristics of the protein and elucidating their impact on its physicochemical and biological properties. Progress in the development of optimal isolation techniques for bLF is critically assessed, alongside the challenges that arise during its production. Furthermore, this paper presents a curated list of the most relevant instrumental techniques for the characterization of bLF. Lastly, it discusses the prospective applications and future directions for bLF-based formulations, highlighting their potential in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetiana Dyrda-Terniuk
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary
Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University
in Toruń, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Paweł Pomastowski
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary
Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University
in Toruń, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
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Radosavljević J, Stanić-Vučinić D, Stojadinović M, Radomirović M, Simović A, Radibratović M, Veličković TĆ. Application of Ion Exchange and Adsorption Techniques for Separation of
Whey Proteins from Bovine Milk. CURR ANAL CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411017666210108092338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The world production of whey was estimated to be more than 200 million tons per year.
Although whey is an important source of proteins with high nutritional value and biotechnological importance, it is still
considered as a by-product of the dairy industry with low economic value due to low industrial exploitation. There are
several challenges in the separation of whey proteins: low concentration, the complexity of the material and similar
properties (pI, molecular mass) of some proteins.
Methods:
A narrative review of all the relevant papers on the present methodologies based on ion-exchange and
adsorption principles for isolation of whey proteins, known to the authors, was conducted.
Results:
Traditional ion-exchange techniques are widely used for the separation and purification of the bovine whey
proteins. These methodologies, based on the anion or cation chromatographic procedures, as well as combination of
aforementioned techniques are still preferential methods for the isolation of the whey proteins on the laboratory scale.
However, more recent research on ion exchange membranes for this purpose has been introduced, with promising
potential to be applied on the pilot industrial scale. Newly developed methodologies based either on the ion-exchange
separation (for example: simulated moving bed chromatography, expanded bed adsorption, magnetic ion exchangers, etc.)
or adsorption (for example: adsorption on hydroxyapatite or activated carbon, or molecular imprinting) are promising
approaches for scaling up of the whey proteins’ purification processes.
Conclusion:
Many procedures based on ion exchange are successfully implemented for separation and purification of
whey proteins, providing protein preparations of moderate-to-high yield and satisfactory purity. However, the authors
anticipate further development of adsorption-based methodologies for separation of whey proteins by targeting the
differences in proteins’ structures rather than targeting the differences in molecular masses and pI. The complex
composite multilayered matrices, including also inorganic components, are promising materials for simultaneous
exploiting of the differences in the masses, pI and structures of whey proteins for the separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Radosavljević
- Department of Biochemistry & Centre of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12‑16, 11000 Belgrade,Serbia
| | - Dragana Stanić-Vučinić
- Department of Biochemistry & Centre of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12‑16, 11000 Belgrade,Serbia
| | - Marija Stojadinović
- Department of Biochemistry & Centre of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12‑16, 11000 Belgrade,Serbia
| | - Mirjana Radomirović
- Department of Biochemistry & Centre of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12‑16, 11000 Belgrade,Serbia
| | - Ana Simović
- Department of Biochemistry & Centre of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12‑16, 11000 Belgrade,Serbia
| | - Milica Radibratović
- Center for Chemistry, University of Belgrade - Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade,Serbia
| | - Tanja Ćirković Veličković
- Department of Biochemistry & Centre of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12‑16, 11000 Belgrade,Serbia
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Paladii IV, Vrabie EG, Sprinchan KG, Bologa MK. Whey: Review. Part 2. Treatment Processes and Methods. SURFACE ENGINEERING AND APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.3103/s1068375521060119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Maciel KS, Santos LS, Bonomo RCF, Verissimo LAA, Minim VPR, Minim LA. Purification of lactoferrin from sweet whey using ultrafiltration followed by expanded bed chromatography. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Itoh D, Yoshimoto N, Yamamoto S. Retention Mechanism of Proteins in Hydroxyapatite Chromatography - Multimodal Interaction Based Protein Separations: A Model Study. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2019; 20:75-81. [PMID: 29065831 PMCID: PMC6249711 DOI: 10.2174/1389203718666171024122106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retention mechanism of proteins in hydroxyapatite chromatography (HAC) was investigated by linear gradient elution experiments (LGE). MATERIALS AND METHODS Several mobile phase (buffer) solution strategies and solutes were evaluated in order to probe the relative contributions of two adsorption sites of hydroxyapatite (HA) particles, C-site due to Ca (metal affinity) and P-site due to PO4 (cation-exchange). When P-site was blocked, two basic proteins, lysozyme (Lys) and ribonuclease A(RNase), were not retained whereas cytochrome C(Cyt C) and lactoferrin (LF) were retained and also retention of acidic proteins became stronger as the repulsion due to P-site was eliminated. The number of the binding site B values determined from LGE also increased, which also showed reduction of repulsion forces. CONCLUSION The selectivity (retention) of four basic proteins (RNase, Lys, Cyt C, LF) in HAC was different from that in ion-exchange chromatography. Moreover, it was possible to tune the selectivity by using NaCl gradient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Itoh
- Bio-Process Engineering Laboratory, Graduate School of Medicine, Biomedical Engineering Center (YUBEC),
Yamaguchi University, Tokiwadai, Ube755-8611, Japan
| | - Noriko Yoshimoto
- Bio-Process Engineering Laboratory, Graduate School of Medicine, Biomedical Engineering Center (YUBEC),
Yamaguchi University, Tokiwadai, Ube755-8611, Japan
| | - Shuichi Yamamoto
- Bio-Process Engineering Laboratory, Graduate School of Medicine, Biomedical Engineering Center (YUBEC),
Yamaguchi University, Tokiwadai, Ube755-8611, Japan
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Lactoperoxidase purification from whey by using dye affinity chromatography. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abd El-Salam MH, El-Shibiny S. Separation of Bioactive Whey Proteins and Peptides. INGREDIENTS EXTRACTION BY PHYSICOCHEMICAL METHODS IN FOOD 2017:463-494. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-811521-3.00012-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Li P, Li L, Zhao Y, Sun L, Zhang Y. Selective binding and magnetic separation of histidine-tagged proteins using Fe3O4/Cu-apatite nanoparticles. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 156:49-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Separation of lactoperoxidase from bovine whey milk by cation exchange composite cryogel embedded macroporous cellulose beads. Sep Purif Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2015.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Studies on recovery of lactoferrin from bovine colostrum whey using mercapto ethyl pyridine and phenyl propyl amine HyperCel™ mixed mode sorbents. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-014-0408-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Zitka O, Skalickova S, Krizkova S, Vlkova M, Adam V, Kizek R. Separation of Lactoferrin from Human Saliva Using Monolithic Disc. Chromatographia 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-013-2459-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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